메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 2, Issue 2, 1996, Pages 93-102

The Evolution and Maintenance of Virulence in Microparasites

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL; BACTERIUM; HUMAN; MOLECULAR EVOLUTION; PATHOGENICITY; PROTOZOON; REVIEW; VIRULENCE; VIRUS;

EID: 0030115420     PISSN: 10806040     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3201/eid0202.960203     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (210)

References (62)
  • 1
    • 0028896115 scopus 로고
    • Emerging infectious diseases: What are the relative roles of ecology and evolution?
    • Schrag S, Wiener P. Emerging infectious diseases: what are the relative roles of ecology and evolution? Trends in Ecology and Evolution 1995; 10: 319-23.
    • (1995) Trends in Ecology and Evolution , vol.10 , pp. 319-323
    • Schrag, S.1    Wiener, P.2
  • 2
    • 0007916328 scopus 로고
    • Can "stepping stones" form stairways?
    • Wallace B. Can "stepping stones" form stairways? American Naturalist 1989; 133: 578-79.
    • (1989) American Naturalist , vol.133 , pp. 578-579
    • Wallace, B.1
  • 5
    • 0003383896 scopus 로고
    • Population biology of virus-host interactions
    • Morse SS, editor. New York: Raven Press
    • Garnett GP, Antia R. Population biology of virus-host interactions. In: Morse SS, editor. The evolutionary biology of viruses. New York: Raven Press, 1994:51-73.
    • (1994) The Evolutionary Biology of Viruses , pp. 51-73
    • Garnett, G.P.1    Antia, R.2
  • 7
    • 0028162943 scopus 로고
    • Virulence
    • Bull JJ. Virulence. Evolution 1994; 48:1423-37.
    • (1994) Evolution , vol.48 , pp. 1423-1437
    • Bull, J.J.1
  • 8
    • 0030093154 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Models of parasite virulence
    • Frank SA. Models of parasite virulence. Q Rev Biol 1996;71:37-78.
    • (1996) Q Rev Biol , vol.71 , pp. 37-78
    • Frank, S.A.1
  • 9
    • 0004117269 scopus 로고
    • New Haven, CT: Yale University Press
    • Dubos R. Man adapting. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1965.
    • (1965) Man Adapting
    • Dubos, R.1
  • 12
    • 0003073848 scopus 로고
    • Parasite host coevolution
    • Futuyama DJ, Slatkin M, editors. Sunderland, MA: Sinauer
    • May RM, Anderson RM. Parasite host coevolution. In: Futuyama DJ, Slatkin M, editors. Coevolution. Sunderland, MA: Sinauer, 1983:186-206.
    • (1983) Coevolution , pp. 186-206
    • May, R.M.1    Anderson, R.M.2
  • 13
    • 0024102913 scopus 로고
    • The origin of the AIDS virus
    • Essex M, Kanki PJ. The origin of the AIDS virus. Sci Am 1988; 259: 64-100.
    • (1988) Sci Am , vol.259 , pp. 64-100
    • Essex, M.1    Kanki, P.J.2
  • 16
    • 0026334859 scopus 로고
    • Plasmodium falciparum appears to have arisen as a result of lateral transfer between avian and human hosts
    • Waters AP. Higgins DG, McCutchan TF. Plasmodium falciparum appears to have arisen as a result of lateral transfer between avian and human hosts. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1991; 88:3140-4.
    • (1991) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.88 , pp. 3140-3144
    • Waters, A.P.1    Higgins, D.G.2    McCutchan, T.F.3
  • 17
    • 0015803589 scopus 로고
    • Documentation of a case of tuberculosis in pre-Columbian America
    • Allison MR, Mendoza O, Pezziam A. Documentation of a case of tuberculosis in pre-Columbian America. Am Rev Resp Dis 1973; 107:985.
    • (1973) Am Rev Resp Dis , vol.107 , pp. 985
    • Allison, M.R.1    Mendoza, O.2    Pezziam, A.3
  • 18
    • 0027700098 scopus 로고
    • The history of tuberculosis as a global epidemic
    • Bates JH, Stead WW. The history of tuberculosis as a global epidemic. Med Clin North Am 1993; 77:1205-17.
    • (1993) Med Clin North Am , vol.77 , pp. 1205-1217
    • Bates, J.H.1    Stead, W.W.2
  • 19
    • 77049164783 scopus 로고
    • Protection afforded by sickle cell trait against malarial infection
    • Allison AC. Protection afforded by sickle cell trait against malarial infection. Br Med J 1954; 2:290-4.
    • (1954) Br Med J , vol.2 , pp. 290-294
    • Allison, A.C.1
  • 20
    • 0014680915 scopus 로고
    • Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficient red cells: Resistance to infection with malarial parasites
    • Luzzatto L, Usanga EA, Shunmugam R. Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficient red cells: resistance to infection with malarial parasites. Science 1969; 164:839-41.
    • (1969) Science , vol.164 , pp. 839-841
    • Luzzatto, L.1    Usanga, E.A.2    Shunmugam, R.3
  • 24
    • 0025082979 scopus 로고
    • Selection and the evolution of virulence in bacteria: An ecumenical excursion and modest suggestion
    • Levin BR, Svanborg-Eden C. Selection and the evolution of virulence in bacteria: an ecumenical excursion and modest suggestion. Parasitology 1990; 100:S103-15.
    • (1990) Parasitology , vol.100
    • Levin, B.R.1    Svanborg-Eden, C.2
  • 26
    • 0020335555 scopus 로고
    • Co evolution of hosts and parasites
    • Anderson RM, May RM. Co evolution of hosts and parasites. Parasitology 1982; 85:411-26.
    • (1982) Parasitology , vol.85 , pp. 411-426
    • Anderson, R.M.1    May, R.M.2
  • 28
    • 0007966690 scopus 로고
    • Variation in virulence in relation to adaptation to new hosts
    • Burnet FM, Stanley WM, editors. New York: Academic Press
    • Fenner F, Cairns J. Variation in virulence in relation to adaptation to new hosts. In: Burnet FM, Stanley WM, editors. The viruses: biochemical biological and biophysical properties. New York: Academic Press, 1959:225-49.
    • (1959) The Viruses: Biochemical Biological and Biophysical Properties , pp. 225-249
    • Fenner, F.1    Cairns, J.2
  • 29
  • 30
    • 0001371041 scopus 로고
    • Epidemiological consequences of the mechanical transmission of myxoma by mosquitoes
    • Fenner FM, Day MF, Woodroofe GM. Epidemiological consequences of the mechanical transmission of myxoma by mosquitoes. Journal of Hygiene 1956; 54:284-303.
    • (1956) Journal of Hygiene , vol.54 , pp. 284-303
    • Fenner, F.M.1    Day, M.F.2    Woodroofe, G.M.3
  • 31
    • 0016717579 scopus 로고
    • The differential transmissibility of myxoma virus strains of differing virulence grades by the rabbit flea Spilopsyllus cuniculi (Dale)
    • Mead-Briggs AR, Vaughan JA. The differential transmissibility of myxoma virus strains of differing virulence grades by the rabbit flea Spilopsyllus cuniculi (Dale). Journal of Hygiene 1975; 75:237-47.
    • (1975) Journal of Hygiene , vol.75 , pp. 237-247
    • Mead-Briggs, A.R.1    Vaughan, J.A.2
  • 33
    • 0027341501 scopus 로고
    • Population structure and the evolution of virulence in nematode parasites in fig wasps
    • Herre EA. Population structure and the evolution of virulence in nematode parasites in fig wasps. Science 1993; 259:1442-5.
    • (1993) Science , vol.259 , pp. 1442-1445
    • Herre, E.A.1
  • 34
    • 0027978287 scopus 로고
    • Virulence and local adaptation of a horizontally transmitted parasite
    • Ebert D. Virulence and local adaptation of a horizontally transmitted parasite. Science 1994; 265:1084-6.
    • (1994) Science , vol.265 , pp. 1084-1086
    • Ebert, D.1
  • 35
    • 0020901334 scopus 로고
    • Host parasite relations, vectors, and the evolution of disease severity
    • Ewald PW. Host parasite relations, vectors, and the evolution of disease severity. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 1983; 14:465-85.
    • (1983) Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics , vol.14 , pp. 465-485
    • Ewald, P.W.1
  • 36
    • 0029007986 scopus 로고
    • The evolution of virulence in sexually transmitted HIV/AIDS
    • Lipsitch M, Nowak ML. The evolution of virulence in sexually transmitted HIV/AIDS. J Theor Biol 1995; 174:427-40.
    • (1995) J Theor Biol , vol.174 , pp. 427-440
    • Lipsitch, M.1    Nowak, M.L.2
  • 37
    • 0029667343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The intrinsic rate of increase in HIV/AIDS: Epidemiological and evolutionary implications
    • Levin BR, Bull JJ, Stewart FM. The intrinsic rate of increase in HIV/AIDS: epidemiological and evolutionary implications. Math Biosci 1996; 132:69-96.
    • (1996) Math Biosci , vol.132 , pp. 69-96
    • Levin, B.R.1    Bull, J.J.2    Stewart, F.M.3
  • 38
    • 0001835935 scopus 로고
    • Coevolution of bacteria and their viruses and plasmids
    • Futuyama DJ, Slatkin M, editors. Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates
    • Levin BR, Lenski RE. Coevolution of bacteria and their viruses and plasmids. In: Futuyama DJ, Slatkin M, editors. Coevolution. Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates, 1983:99-127.
    • (1983) Coevolution , pp. 99-127
    • Levin, B.R.1    Lenski, R.E.2
  • 39
    • 0026301185 scopus 로고
    • Selection of benevolence in a host parasite system
    • Bull JJ, Molineux IJ, Rice WR. Selection of benevolence in a host parasite system. Evolution 1991; 45:875-82.
    • (1991) Evolution , vol.45 , pp. 875-882
    • Bull, J.J.1    Molineux, I.J.2    Rice, W.R.3
  • 40
    • 0026359348 scopus 로고
    • Optimal growth schedule of pathogens within a host: Switching between lytic and latent cycles
    • Sasaki A, Iwasa Y. Optimal growth schedule of pathogens within a host: switching between lytic and latent cycles. Theor Popul Biol 1991; 39:201-39.
    • (1991) Theor Popul Biol , vol.39 , pp. 201-239
    • Sasaki, A.1    Iwasa, Y.2
  • 41
    • 0028163125 scopus 로고
    • Within-host population dynamics and the evolution and maintenance of microparasite virulence
    • Antia R, Levin BR, May RM. Within-host population dynamics and the evolution and maintenance of microparasite virulence. American Naturalist 1994; 144:457-72.
    • (1994) American Naturalist , vol.144 , pp. 457-472
    • Antia, R.1    Levin, B.R.2    May, R.M.3
  • 43
    • 0028031923 scopus 로고
    • Superinfection and the evolution of parasite virulence
    • Nowak MA, May RM. Superinfection and the evolution of parasite virulence. Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 1994; 255:81-5
    • (1994) Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci , vol.255 , pp. 81-85
    • Nowak, M.A.1    May, R.M.2
  • 44
    • 0000533390 scopus 로고
    • Optimal pattern of replication and transmission for parasites with two stages in their life cycle
    • Koella JC, Antia RN. Optimal pattern of replication and transmission for parasites with two stages in their life cycle. Theor Popul Biol 1995; 41:277-91.
    • (1995) Theor Popul Biol , vol.41 , pp. 277-291
    • Koella, J.C.1    Antia, R.N.2
  • 45
    • 0028122425 scopus 로고
    • Intra-hostversus inter-host selection: Viral strategies of immune function impairment
    • Bonhoeffer S, Nowak MA. Intra-hostversus inter-host selection: viral strategies of immune function impairment. Proc Nat Acad Sci USA 1994; 91:8062-6.
    • (1994) Proc Nat Acad Sci USA , vol.91 , pp. 8062-8066
    • Bonhoeffer, S.1    Nowak, M.A.2
  • 46
    • 0028162164 scopus 로고
    • The evolution of virulence in parasites and pathogens: Reconciliation between two competing hypotheses
    • Lenski RE, May RM. The evolution of virulence in parasites and pathogens: reconciliation between two competing hypotheses. J Theor Biol 1994; 169:253-65.
    • (1994) J Theor Biol , vol.169 , pp. 253-265
    • Lenski, R.E.1    May, R.M.2
  • 47
    • 0024461829 scopus 로고
    • Selection for bacteriophage latent period length by bacterial density: A theoretical examination
    • Abedon ST. Selection for bacteriophage latent period length by bacterial density: a theoretical examination. Microbial Ecology 1989; 18:79-88.
    • (1989) Microbial Ecology , vol.18 , pp. 79-88
    • Abedon, S.T.1
  • 48
    • 0021474689 scopus 로고
    • The population biology of bacterial viruses: Why be temperate?
    • Stewart FM, Levin BR. The population biology of bacterial viruses: why be temperate? Theor Popul Biol 1984; 26:93-117.
    • (1984) Theor Popul Biol , vol.26 , pp. 93-117
    • Stewart, F.M.1    Levin, B.R.2
  • 49
    • 0029535261 scopus 로고
    • The population dynamics of vertical and horizontally transmitted parasites
    • Lipsitch M., et al. The population dynamics of vertical and horizontally transmitted parasites. Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 1995; 260:321-7.
    • (1995) Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci , vol.260 , pp. 321-327
    • Lipsitch, M.1
  • 50
    • 0029659310 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The evolution of virulence in pathogens with vertical and horizontal transmission
    • in press
    • Lipsitch M, Siller S, Nowak MA. The evolution of virulence in pathogens with vertical and horizontal transmission. Evolution 1996 (in press).
    • (1996) Evolution
    • Lipsitch, M.1    Siller, S.2    Nowak, M.A.3
  • 51
    • 0028203644 scopus 로고
    • Short-sighted evolution and the virulence of pathogenic microorganisms
    • Levin BR, Bull JJ. Short-sighted evolution and the virulence of pathogenic microorganisms. Trends Microbiol 1994; 2:76-81.
    • (1994) Trends Microbiol , vol.2 , pp. 76-81
    • Levin, B.R.1    Bull, J.J.2
  • 52
    • 0018692402 scopus 로고
    • The spandrels of San Marco and the pangalossian paradigm: A critique of the adaptationist programme
    • Gould SJ, Lewontin RC. The spandrels of San Marco and the pangalossian paradigm: a critique of the adaptationist programme. Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 1979; 205:581-98.
    • (1979) Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci , vol.205 , pp. 581-598
    • Gould, S.J.1    Lewontin, R.C.2
  • 53
    • 0344930711 scopus 로고
    • Sepsis
    • Schaechter M, Medhoff G, Eisenstein BI, editors. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins
    • Whitnack E. Sepsis. In: Schaechter M, Medhoff G, Eisenstein BI, editors. Mechanisms of microbial disease. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1993: 770-8.
    • (1993) Mechanisms of Microbial Disease , pp. 770-778
    • Whitnack, E.1
  • 54
    • 0024382180 scopus 로고
    • Common themes in microbial pathogenicity
    • Finlay BB, Falkow S. Common themes in microbial pathogenicity. Microbiol Rev 1989; 52:210-30.
    • (1989) Microbiol Rev , vol.52 , pp. 210-230
    • Finlay, B.B.1    Falkow, S.2
  • 55
    • 0027692154 scopus 로고
    • Multifactorial nature of human immunodeficiency virus disease: Implications for therapy
    • Fauci AS. Multifactorial nature of human immunodeficiency virus disease: implications for therapy. Science 1993; 262:1008-11.
    • (1993) Science , vol.262 , pp. 1008-1011
    • Fauci, A.S.1
  • 58
    • 0027196171 scopus 로고
    • The balance of power between HIV and the immune system
    • McLean AR. The balance of power between HIV and the immune system. Trends Microbiol 1993; 1:9-13.
    • (1993) Trends Microbiol , vol.1 , pp. 9-13
    • McLean, A.R.1
  • 60
    • 0030035136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • T-cell homeostasis, competition and drift: AIDS as HIV-accelerated senescence of the immune repertoire
    • in press
    • Mittler JM, Levin BR, Antia R. T-cell homeostasis, competition and drift: AIDS as HIV-accelerated senescence of the immune repertoire. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol (in press).
    • J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol
    • Mittler, J.M.1    Levin, B.R.2    Antia, R.3
  • 62
    • 0343843722 scopus 로고
    • The epizootic behaviour of mousepox (infectious ectromelia of mice) II. The course of events in long-continued epidemics
    • Fenner F. The epizootic behaviour of mousepox (infectious ectromelia of mice) II. The course of events in long-continued epidemics. J Hygiene 1948; 46:383-93.
    • (1948) J Hygiene , vol.46 , pp. 383-393
    • Fenner, F.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.