Conventional and manipulated growth of Cu/Cu(111)

Surface Science

Volumn 348, Issue 3, 1996, Pages 227-242

  Wulfhekel, Wulf ^a   Lipkin, Nuphar N ^a   Kliewer, Jörg ^a   Rosenfeld, Georg ^a   Jorritsma, Louis C ^b   Poelsema, Bene ^b   Comsa, George ^a  

^a FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH   (Germany)

^b UNIVERSITY OF TWENTE   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Atom solid scattering and diffraction elastic; Copper; Growth; Ion bombardment; Metallic surfaces; Molecular beam epitaxy; Oxygen; Surface diffusion

Indexed keywords

ANNEALING; COPPER; DEPOSITION; DIFFUSION; FILM GROWTH; ION BOMBARDMENT; METALLIC FILMS; MONOLAYERS; NUCLEATION; OXYGEN;

HOMOEPITAXY; ISLAND NUMBER DENSITY; ISLAND SHAPE; OSTWALD RIPENING; SUBMONOLAYER FILM; TEMPERATURE REDUCTION; THERMAL ENERGY HELIUM SCATTERING; THREE DIMENSIONAL GROWTH;

MOLECULAR BEAM EPITAXY;

EID: 0030109910     PISSN: 00396028     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/0039-6028(95)00988-4     Document Type: Article

References (68)

1. D.K. Flynn-Sanders, J.W. Evans and P.A. Thiel, Surf. Sci. 289 (1993) 75; H.C. Kang, D.K. Flynn-Sanders, P.A. Thiel and J.W. Evans, Surf. Sci. 256 (1991) 205.
2. D.K. Flynn-Sanders, J.W. Evans and P.A. Thiel, Surf. Sci. 289 (1993) 75; H.C. Kang, D.K. Flynn-Sanders, P.A. Thiel and J.W. Evans, Surf. Sci. 256 (1991) 205.
3. S.T. Purcell, B. Heinrich and A.S. Arrott, Phys. Rev. B 35 (1987) 6458; E. Kopatzki, S. Gunther, W. Nichtl-Pecher and R.J. Behm, Surf. Sci. 284 (1993) 154.
4. S.T. Purcell, B. Heinrich and A.S. Arrott, Phys. Rev. B 35 (1987) 6458; E. Kopatzki, S. Gunther, W. Nichtl-Pecher and R.J. Behm, Surf. Sci. 284 (1993) 154.
5. J.J. de Miguel, A. Sánchez, A. Cebollada, J.M. Gallego, J. Ferrón and S. Ferrer, Surf. Sci. 189/190 (1987) 1062;
6. H.J. Ernst, F. Fabre and J. Lapujoulade, Surf. Sci. 275 (1992) L682.
7. W.F. Egelhoff, Jr. and I. Jacob, Phys. Rev. Lett. 62 (1989) 921.
8. H.A. van der Vegt, W.J. Huisman, P.B. Howes and E. Vlieg, Surf. Sci. 330 (1995) 101.
9. P. Bedrossian, B. Poelsema, G. Rosenfeld, L.C. Jorritsma, N.N. Lipkin and G. Comsa, Surf. Sci. 334 (1995) 1.
10. Y. Suzuki, H. Kikuchi and N. Kosizuka, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 27 (1988) L1175.
11. R. Kunkel, B. Poelsema, L.K. Verheij and G. Comsa, Phys. Rev. Lett. 65 (1990) 733.
12. B. Poelsema, R. Kunkel, N. Nagel, A.F. Becker, G. Rosenfeld, L.K. Verheij and G. Comsa, Appl. Phys A 53 (1991) 369.
13. M. Bott, T. Michely and G. Comsa, Surf. Sci. 272 (1992) 161.
14. B. Poelsema, A.F. Becker, R. Kunkel, G. Rosenfeld, L.K. Verheij and G. Comsa, Springer Proceedings in Physics, Vol. 73, Eds. R.F. Howe, R.N. Lamb and K. Wandelt (Springer, Berlin, 1993) p. 95.
15. M. Henzler, T. Schmidt and E.Z. Luo, The Structure of Surf.s IV, Eds. X.D. Xie, S.Y. Tong and M.A. Van Hove (World Scientific, Singapore, 1994) p. 619.
16. G. Ehrlich and F.G. Hudda, J. Chem. Phys. 44 (1966) 1039.
17. R.L. Schwoebel and E.J. Shipsey, J. Appl. Phys. 37 (1966) 3682.
18. M. Bott, M. Hohage, T. Michely and G. Comsa, Phys. Rev. Lett. 70 (1993) 1489.
19. T. Michely, M. Hohage, S. Esch and G. Comsa, Surf. Sci., to be published.
20. G. Rosenfeld, R. Servaty, C. Teichert, B. Poelsema and G. Comsa, Phys. Rev. Lett. 71 (1993) 895.
21. K. Meinel, M. Klaua and H. Bethge, J. Cryst. Growth 89 (1988) 477; K. Meinel, M. Klaua and H. Bethge, Phys. Status Solidi 110 (1988) 189.
22. K. Meinel, M. Klaua and H. Bethge, J. Cryst. Growth 89 (1988) 477; K. Meinel, M. Klaua and H. Bethge, Phys. Status Solidi 110 (1988) 189.
23. H.A. van der Vegt, H.M. van Pinxteren, M. Lohmeier, E. Vlieg and J.M.C. Thornton, Phys. Rev. Lett. 68 (1992) 3335.
24. P.C. Dastoor, J. Ellis, A. Reichmuth, H. Bullman, B. Holst and W. Allison, Surf. Rev. Lett. 1 (1994) 509.
25. P.C. Dastoor, PhD Thesis, Cambridge, 1994.
26. M. Henzler, Prog. Surf. Sci. 42 (1993) 297.
27. M. Henzler, Surf. Sci. 298 (1993) 369.
28. G. Rosenfeld, B. Poelsema and G. Comsa, J. Cryst. Growth 151 (1995) 230.
29. G. Rosenfeld, N.N. Lipkin, W. Wulfhekel, J. Kliewer, K. Morgenstern, B. Poelsema and G. Comsa, Appl. Phys. A61 (1995) 455.
30. B. Poelsema and G. Comsa, Scattering of Thermal Energy Atoms, Springer Tracts in Modern Physics, Vol. 115 (Springer, Berlin, 1989).
31. B. Poelsema, G. Mechtersheimer and G. Comsa, Surf. Sci. 111 (1981) 519.
32. R. Kunkel, PhD Thesis, Jülich, 1991.
33. anti are the reflected He-intensities under in- and anti-phase diffraction conditions [28].
34. M. Henzler, Appl. Surf. Sci. 11/12 (1982) 450.
35. J. Wollschläger, J. Falta and M. Henzler, Appl. Phys. A 50 (1990) 57.
36. The slight decay of the anti-phase He intensity durig deposition at 450 K may be attributed to kinetic roughening of the pre-existing steps in the step flow growth mode.
37. M. Henzler, private communication.
38. J.A. Venables, Phil. Mag. 27 (1973) 697.
39. J.A. Venables, G.D.T. Spiller and M. Hanbücken, Rept. Prog. Phys. 47 (1984) 399.
40. H.J. Ernst, F. Fabre and J. Lapujoulade, Surf. Sci. 275 (1992) L682.
41. J. Jacobsen, K.W. Jacobsen, P. Stoltze and J.K. Nørskov, Phys. Rev. Lett. 74 (1995) 2295.
42. M. Villarba and H. Jonsson, Phys. Rev. B 49 (1994) 2208; M. Villarba and H. Jonsson, Surf. Sci. 317 (1994) 15.
43. M. Villarba and H. Jonsson, Phys. Rev. B 49 (1994) 2208; M. Villarba and H. Jonsson, Surf. Sci. 317 (1994) 15.
44. Yinggang Li and A.E. DePristo, Surf. Sci. 319 (1994) 141.
45. Yinggang Li and A.E. DePristo, to be published.
46. G. Meyer, J. Wollschläger and M. Henzler, Surf. Sci. 231 (1990) 64.
47. P. Stoltze, J. Phys. Condens. Matter 6 (1994) 9495.
48. 0 is the normalized scattered intensity under anti-phase diffraction conditions.
49. T. Michely and G. Comsa, Phys. Rev. B. 44 (1991) 8411.
50. T. Michely and C. Teichert, Phys. Rev. B 50 (1994) 11156.
51. C. Teichert, M. Hohage, T. Michely and G. Comsa, Phys. Rev. Lett. 72 (1994) 1682.
52. M. Breeman and D.O. Boerma, Surf. Sci. 278 (1992) L110.
53. J.C. Girard, Y. Samson, S. Gauthier, S. Rousset and J. Klein, Surf. Sci. 302 (1994) 73.
54. At 440 K ion bombardment results in layer-by-layer etching causing oscillations of the anti-phase intensity. These oscillations allow to relate the ion fluence to the overall amount of material, that is removed from the substrate. A similar behaviour for Pt(111) during sputtering has been previously reported by B. Poelsema, L.K. Verheij and G. Comsa, Phys. Rev. Lett. 53 (1984) 2500.
55. G. Rosenfeld, PhD Thesis, Jül-2914, (Jülich 1994).
56. W.F. Egelhoff, Jr. and D.A. Steigerwald, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 7 (1989) 2167.
57. M. Copel, M.C. Reuter, E. Kaxiras and R.M. Tromp, Phys. Rev. Lett. 63 (1989) 632.
58. M. Horn-von Hoegen, F.K. LeGoues, M. Copel, M.C. Reuter and R.M. Tromp, Phys. Rev. Lett. 67 (1991) 1130.
59. N. Gradjean, J. Massies and V.H. Etgens, Phys. Rev. Lett. 69 (1992) 796.
60. B. Poelsema, R. Kunkel, N. Nagel, A.F. Becker, G. Rosenfeld, L.K. Verheij and G. Comsa, Appl. Phys. A 53 (1991) 369.
61. S. Esch, M. Hohage, T. Michely and G. Comsa, Phys. Rev. Lett. 72 (1994) 518.
62. H. Wolter, M. Schmidt and K. Wandelt, Surf. Sci. 298 (1993) 173; M. Schmidt, H. Wolter and K. Wandelt, Surf. Sci. 307-309 (1994) 507; K. Kalki, M. Schick, G. Ceballos and K. Wandelt, Thin Solid Films 228 (1993) 36.
63. H. Wolter, M. Schmidt and K. Wandelt, Surf. Sci. 298 (1993) 173; M. Schmidt, H. Wolter and K. Wandelt, Surf. Sci. 307-309 (1994) 507; K. Kalki, M. Schick, G. Ceballos and K. Wandelt, Thin Solid Films 228 (1993) 36.
64. H. Wolter, M. Schmidt and K. Wandelt, Surf. Sci. 298 (1993) 173; M. Schmidt, H. Wolter and K. Wandelt, Surf. Sci. 307-309 (1994) 507; K. Kalki, M. Schick, G. Ceballos and K. Wandelt, Thin Solid Films 228 (1993) 36.
65. G. Ertl, Surf. Sci. 6 (1967) 208.
66. L.H. Dubois, Surf. Sci. 119 (1982) 399.
67. H. Niehus, Surf. Sci. 130 (1983) 41.
68. R.W. Judd, P. Hollins and J. Pritchard, Surf. Sci. 171 (1986) 643.