메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 276, Issue 2, 1996, Pages 801-809

differential contribution of descending controls to the antinociceptive actions of kappa and mu opioids: An analysis of formalin-evoked C-fos expression

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BENZOFURAN DERIVATIVE; ENADOLINE; FORMALDEHYDE; KAPPA OPIATE RECEPTOR; MU OPIATE RECEPTOR; NALOXONE; NARCOTIC ANALGESIC AGENT; PROTEIN C FOS; PYRROLIDINE DERIVATIVE;

EID: 0030087697     PISSN: 00223565     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (33)

References (61)
  • 2
    • 0017333728 scopus 로고
    • Autoradiographic localization of opiate receptors in rat brain. I. Spinal cord and lower medulla
    • ATWEH, S. F. AND KUHAR, M. J.: Autoradiographic localization of opiate receptors in rat brain. I. Spinal cord and lower medulla. Brain Res. 124: 53-67, 1977.
    • (1977) Brain Res. , vol.124 , pp. 53-67
    • Atweh, S.F.1    Kuhar, M.J.2
  • 3
    • 0018868163 scopus 로고
    • Dissociation of supraspinal and spinal actions of morphine: A quantitative evaluation
    • BARTON, C., BASBAUM, A. I. AND FIELDS, H. L.: Dissociation of supraspinal and spinal actions of morphine: A quantitative evaluation. Brain Res. 188: 487-498, 1980.
    • (1980) Brain Res. , vol.188 , pp. 487-498
    • Barton, C.1    Basbaum, A.I.2    Fields, H.L.3
  • 4
    • 0018159356 scopus 로고
    • Endogenous pain control mechanisms: Review and hypothesis
    • BASBAUM, A. I. AND FIELDS, H. L.: Endogenous pain control mechanisms: review and hypothesis. Ann. Neurol. 4: 451-462, 1978.
    • (1978) Ann. Neurol. , vol.4 , pp. 451-462
    • Basbaum, A.I.1    Fields, H.L.2
  • 5
    • 0021288912 scopus 로고
    • Endogenous pain control systems: Brainstem spinal pathways and endorphin circuitry
    • BASBAUM, A. I. AND FIELDS, H. L., Endogenous pain control systems: brainstem spinal pathways and endorphin circuitry. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 7: 309-338, 1984.
    • (1984) Annu. Rev. Neurosci. , vol.7 , pp. 309-338
    • Basbaum, A.I.1    Fields, H.L.2
  • 6
    • 0018428702 scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of spinal cord interneurons by narcotic injections
    • BENNETT, G. J. AND MAYER, D. J.: Inhibition of spinal cord interneurons by narcotic injections. Brain Res. 172: 243-257, 1979.
    • (1979) Brain Res. , vol.172 , pp. 243-257
    • Bennett, G.J.1    Mayer, D.J.2
  • 7
    • 0023093009 scopus 로고
    • Peripheral and spinal mechanisms of nociception
    • BESSON, J -M. AND CHAOUCH, A.: Peripheral and spinal mechanisms of nociception. Physiol. Rev. 67: 67-186, 1987.
    • (1987) Physiol. Rev. , vol.67 , pp. 67-186
    • Besson, J.M.1    Chaouch, A.2
  • 8
    • 0023716173 scopus 로고
    • Intracerebroventricular morphine decreases descending inhibitions acting on lumbar dorsal horn neuronal activities related to pain in the rat
    • BOUHASSIRA, D., VILLANUEVA, L. AND LEBARS, D.: Intracerebroventricular morphine decreases descending inhibitions acting on lumbar dorsal horn neuronal activities related to pain in the rat. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 247: 332-342, 1988.
    • (1988) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. , vol.247 , pp. 332-342
    • Bouhassira, D.1    Villanueva, L.2    Lebars, D.3
  • 9
    • 0023694073 scopus 로고
    • Analgesia produced by centrally administered DAGO, DPDPE and U50488H in the formalin test
    • CALCAGNETTI, D. J., HELMSTETTER, F. J. AND FANSELOW, M. S.: Analgesia produced by centrally administered DAGO, DPDPE and U50488H in the formalin test. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 153: 117-132, 1988.
    • (1988) Eur. J. Pharmacol. , vol.153 , pp. 117-132
    • Calcagnetti, D.J.1    Helmstetter, F.J.2    Fanselow, M.S.3
  • 11
    • 0021238817 scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of nociceptive responses in the cat's spinal dorsal horn by electrical stimulation and morphine microinjection in nucleus raphe magnus
    • Du, H. J., KITAIIATA, L. M., THALHAMMER, J. G. AND ZIMMERMAN, M.: Inhibition of nociceptive responses in the cat's spinal dorsal horn by electrical stimulation and morphine microinjection in nucleus raphe magnus. Pain 19: 249-257, 1984.
    • (1984) Pain , vol.19 , pp. 249-257
    • Du, H.J.1    Kitaiiata, L.M.2    Thalhammer, J.G.3    Zimmerman, M.4
  • 12
    • 0017643233 scopus 로고
    • The formahn test: A quantitative study of the analgesic effects of morphine, meperidine, and brain stem stimulation in rats and cats
    • DUBUISSON, D. AND DENNIS, S G.: The formahn test: A quantitative study of the analgesic effects of morphine, meperidine, and brain stem stimulation in rats and cats. Pain 4: 161-174, 1977.
    • (1977) Pain , vol.4 , pp. 161-174
    • Dubuisson, D.1    Dennis, S.G.2
  • 13
    • 70449177837 scopus 로고
    • A note on a simple apparatus for detecting neurological deficit in mice
    • DUNHAM, N. W. AND MIYA, T. S.: A note on a simple apparatus for detecting neurological deficit in mice. J. Am. Pharm. Assoc. 46: 208-209, 1957.
    • (1957) J. Am. Pharm. Assoc. , vol.46 , pp. 208-209
    • Dunham, N.W.1    Miya, T.S.2
  • 14
    • 0021340404 scopus 로고
    • Dynorphin-related peptides cause motor dysfunction in the rat through a non-opiate action
    • FADEN, A. I. AND JACOBS, T. P.: Dynorphin-related peptides cause motor dysfunction in the rat through a non-opiate action. Br. J. Pharmacol. 81: 271-276, 1984.
    • (1984) Br. J. Pharmacol. , vol.81 , pp. 271-276
    • Faden, A.I.1    Jacobs, T.P.2
  • 15
    • 0021910919 scopus 로고
    • An α2 receptor mediates the selective inhibition by noradrenaline of nociceptive responses of identified dorsal horn neurones
    • FLEETWOOD-WALKER, S. M., MITCHELL, R., HOPE, P. O., MALONEY, V. AND IGGO, A.: An α2 receptor mediates the selective inhibition by noradrenaline of nociceptive responses of identified dorsal horn neurones. Brain Res. 334: 243-254, 1985.
    • (1985) Brain Res. , vol.334 , pp. 243-254
    • Fleetwood-Walker, S.M.1    Mitchell, R.2    Hope, P.O.3    Maloney, V.4    Iggo, A.5
  • 16
    • 0021368085 scopus 로고
    • Stimulation and morphine in the PAG: Inhibition in the spinal cord of nociceptive information by electrical stimulation and morphine microinjection at identical sites in the midbrain of the cat
    • GEBHART, G. F., SANDKUHLER, J., THALHAMMER, J. G. AND ZIMMERMAN, M.: Stimulation and morphine in the PAG: inhibition in the spinal cord of nociceptive information by electrical stimulation and morphine microinjection at identical sites in the midbrain of the cat. J. Neurophysiol 51: 75-89, 1989.
    • (1989) J. Neurophysiol , vol.51 , pp. 75-89
    • Gebhart, G.F.1    Sandkuhler, J.2    Thalhammer, J.G.3    Zimmerman, M.4
  • 17
    • 0030131077 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of noxious stimulus-evoked pain behaviors and neuronal FOS-like immunoreactivity in the spinal cord of the rat by supraspinal morphine
    • in press
    • GOGAS, K. R., CHO, H J., BOTCHKINA, G. I., LEVINE, J. D. AND BASBAUM, A. I.: Inhibition of noxious stimulus-evoked pain behaviors and neuronal FOS-like immunoreactivity in the spinal cord of the rat by supraspinal morphine. Pain, in press.
    • Pain
    • Gogas, K.R.1    Cho, H.J.2    Botchkina, G.I.3    Levine, J.D.4    Basbaum, A.I.5
  • 18
    • 0025882073 scopus 로고
    • The antinociceptive action of supraspinal opioids results from an increase in descending inhibitory control: Correlation of nociceptive behavior and c-fos expression
    • GOGAS, K. R., PRESLEY, R. W., LEVINE, J. D. AND BASBAUM, A. I.: The antinociceptive action of supraspinal opioids results from an increase in descending inhibitory control: Correlation of nociceptive behavior and c-fos expression. Neuroscience 42: 617-628, 1991.
    • (1991) Neuroscience , vol.42 , pp. 617-628
    • Gogas, K.R.1    Presley, R.W.2    Levine, J.D.3    Basbaum, A.I.4
  • 19
    • 0026532641 scopus 로고
    • Morphine or U50488 suppresses fos protein-like immunoreactivity in the spinal cord and nucleus tractus solitarii evoked by a noxious viseral stimulus in the rat
    • HAMMOND, D. L., PRESLEY, R., GOGAS, K. R., BASBAUM, A. I.: Morphine or U50488 suppresses fos protein-like immunoreactivity in the spinal cord and nucleus tractus solitarii evoked by a noxious viseral stimulus in the rat. J. Comp. Neurol. 315: 244-253, 1992.
    • (1992) J. Comp. Neurol. , vol.315 , pp. 244-253
    • Hammond, D.L.1    Presley, R.2    Gogas, K.R.3    Basbaum, A.I.4
  • 20
    • 0020394551 scopus 로고
    • Dynorphin: Potent analgesic effect in the spinal cord of the rat
    • HAN, J.-S. AND XIE, C.-W.: Dynorphin: Potent analgesic effect in the spinal cord of the rat. Life Sci. 31: 1781-1784, 1982.
    • (1982) Life Sci. , vol.31 , pp. 1781-1784
    • Han, J.-S.1    Xie, C.-W.2
  • 22
    • 0021952580 scopus 로고
    • Antinociception and paralysis induced by intrathecal dynorphin A
    • HERMAN, B. H. AND GOLDSTEIN, A.: Antinociception and paralysis induced by intrathecal dynorphin A. J Pharmacol Exp. Ther. 232: 27-32, 1986.
    • (1986) J Pharmacol Exp. Ther. , vol.232 , pp. 27-32
    • Herman, B.H.1    Goldstein, A.2
  • 23
    • 0027326603 scopus 로고
    • Functional evidence for multiple receptor activation by κ-ligands in the inhibition of spinal nociceptive reflexes in the rat
    • HERRERO, J. F. AND HEADLEY, P. M.: Functional evidence for multiple receptor activation by κ-ligands in the inhibition of spinal nociceptive reflexes in the rat Br. J. Pharmacol. 110; 303-309, 1993.
    • (1993) Br. J. Pharmacol. , vol.110 , pp. 303-309
    • Herrero, J.F.1    Headley, P.M.2
  • 24
    • 0027493973 scopus 로고
    • Differential antagonism of bremazocine- and U69593-induced antinociception by quadrazocine: Further functional evidence of opioid κ receptor multiplicity in the mouse
    • HORAN, P. J., DECOSTA, B. R., RICE, K., HAASETH, R. C., HRUBY, V. J. AND PORRECA, F : Differential antagonism of bremazocine- and U69593-induced antinociception by quadrazocine: Further functional evidence of opioid κ receptor multiplicity in the mouse. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 206: 926-933, 1993.
    • (1993) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. , vol.206 , pp. 926-933
    • Horan, P.J.1    Decosta, B.R.2    Rice, K.3    Haaseth, R.C.4    Hruby, V.J.5    Porreca, F.6
  • 26
    • 0026646670 scopus 로고
    • Noradrenergic modulation of noxious heat-evoked fos-like immunoreactivity in the dorsal horn of the rat sacral spinal cord
    • JONES, S. L.: Noradrenergic modulation of noxious heat-evoked fos-like immunoreactivity in the dorsal horn of the rat sacral spinal cord. J. Comp. Neurol. 325: 435-445, 1992.
    • (1992) J. Comp. Neurol. , vol.325 , pp. 435-445
    • Jones, S.L.1
  • 27
    • 0023188823 scopus 로고
    • Spinal pathways mediating tonic coerulospinal, and raphe-spinal descending inhibition in the rat
    • JONES, S. L. AND GEBHART, G. F., Spinal pathways mediating tonic coerulospinal, and raphe-spinal descending inhibition in the rat. J. Neurophysiol. 58: 138-159, 1987.
    • (1987) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.58 , pp. 138-159
    • Jones, S.L.1    Gebhart, G.F.2
  • 28
    • 0001271781 scopus 로고
    • The NMDA antagonist MK-801 reduces noxious stimulus-evoked Fos expression in the spinal dorsal horn
    • Pain Research and Clinical Management, ed. by M. R. Bond, J. E. Charlton and C. J. Woolf Elsevier, Amsterdam
    • KEHL, L J., GOGAS, K. R., LICHTBLAU, L., POLLOCK, C. H., MAYES, M., BASBAUM, A. I. AND WILCOX, G. L.: The NMDA antagonist MK-801 reduces noxious stimulus-evoked Fos expression in the spinal dorsal horn. In Pain Research and Clinical Management, Proceedings of the VIth World Congress on Pain, ed. by M. R. Bond, J. E. Charlton and C. J. Woolf,pp. 307-311, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1991.
    • (1991) Proceedings of the VIth World Congress on Pain , pp. 307-311
    • Kehl, L.J.1    Gogas, K.R.2    Lichtblau, L.3    Pollock, C.H.4    Mayes, M.5    Basbaum, A.I.6    Wilcox, G.L.7
  • 30
    • 0003153724 scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of L-glutamate release: A possible mechanism of action for the neuroprotective effects of the kappa-selective agonist CI-977
    • LAMBERT, P. D., WOODRUFF, G. N., HUGHES, J. AND HUNTER, J. C.: Inhibition of L-glutamate release: A possible mechanism of action for the neuroprotective effects of the kappa-selective agonist CI-977. Mol. Neuropharmacol. 1: 77-82, 1991.
    • (1991) Mol. Neuropharmacol. , vol.1 , pp. 77-82
    • Lambert, P.D.1    Woodruff, G.N.2    Hughes, J.3    Hunter, J.C.4
  • 31
    • 0017074204 scopus 로고
    • Opiate receptor binding in primate spinal cord: Distribution and changes after dorsal root section
    • LAMOTTE, C., PERT, C. B. AND SNYDER, S. H.: Opiate receptor binding in primate spinal cord: distribution and changes after dorsal root section. Brain Res. 112: 407-412, 1976.
    • (1976) Brain Res. , vol.112 , pp. 407-412
    • Lamotte, C.1    Pert, C.B.2    Snyder, S.H.3
  • 32
    • 0023850632 scopus 로고
    • κ-opioid agonists produce antinociception after i.v. and i.c.v. but not intrathecal administration in the rat
    • LEIGHTON, G. E., RODRIGUEZ, R. G., HILL, R. G. AND HUGHES, J.: κ-opioid agonists produce antinociception after i.v. and i.c.v. but not intrathecal administration in the rat. Br. J. Pharmacol. 93: 553-560, 1988.
    • (1988) Br. J. Pharmacol. , vol.93 , pp. 553-560
    • Leighton, G.E.1    Rodriguez, R.G.2    Hill, R.G.3    Hughes, J.4
  • 33
    • 0023390553 scopus 로고
    • Autoradiographic differentiation of mu, delta and kappa opioid receptors in the rat forebrain and midbrain
    • MANSOUR, A., KHACHATURIAN, H., LEWIS, M. E., AKIL, H. AND WATSON, S J.: Autoradiographic differentiation of mu, delta and kappa opioid receptors in the rat forebrain and midbrain. J. Neurosci. 7: 2445-2464, 1987.
    • (1987) J. Neurosci. , vol.7 , pp. 2445-2464
    • Mansour, A.1    Khachaturian, H.2    Lewis, M.E.3    Akil, H.4    Watson, S.J.5
  • 34
    • 0028224327 scopus 로고
    • Kappa 1 receptor mRNA Distribution in the rat CNS: Comparison to kappa receptor binding and prodynorphin mRNA
    • MANSOUR, A., Fox, C. A., MENG, F., AKIL, H. AND WATSON, S J.: Kappa 1 receptor mRNA Distribution in the rat CNS: comparison to kappa receptor binding and prodynorphin mRNA. Mol Cell. Neurosci 5: 124-44, 1994a.
    • (1994) Mol Cell. Neurosci , vol.5 , pp. 124-144
    • Mansour, A.1    Fox, C.A.2    Meng, F.3    Akil, H.4    Watson, S.J.5
  • 35
    • 0028178510 scopus 로고
    • Mu-opioid receptor mRNA expression in the rat CNS: Comparison to mu receptor binding
    • MANSOUR, A., Fox, C. A., THOMPSON, R. C., AKIL, H. AND WATSON, S. J.: Mu-opioid receptor mRNA expression in the rat CNS: Comparison to mu receptor binding. Brain Res. 643: 245-265, 1994b.
    • (1994) Brain Res. , vol.643 , pp. 245-265
    • Mansour, A.1    Fox, C.A.2    Thompson, R.C.3    Akil, H.4    Watson, S.J.5
  • 38
    • 0020404219 scopus 로고
    • U-50488H, a pure kappa receptor agonist with spinal analgesic loci in the mouse
    • PIERCEY, M. F., LAHTI, R. A., SCHROEDER, L. A., EINSPAHR, F. J. AND BARSUHN, C.: U-50488H, a pure kappa receptor agonist with spinal analgesic loci in the mouse. Life Sci. 31: 1197-1200, 1982.
    • (1982) Life Sci. , vol.31 , pp. 1197-1200
    • Piercey, M.F.1    Lahti, R.A.2    Schroeder, L.A.3    Einspahr, F.J.4    Barsuhn, C.5
  • 39
    • 0026765982 scopus 로고
    • Activation of κ-opioid receptors depresses electrically evoked excitatory postsynaptic potentials on 5-HT-sensitive neurones in the rat dorsal raphe nucleus in vitro
    • PINNOCK, R D.: Activation of κ-opioid receptors depresses electrically evoked excitatory postsynaptic potentials on 5-HT-sensitive neurones in the rat dorsal raphe nucleus in vitro. Brain Res. 583: 237-246, 1992a.
    • (1992) Brain Res. , vol.583 , pp. 237-246
    • Pinnock, R.D.1
  • 40
    • 0026560466 scopus 로고
    • A highly selective κ-opioid receptor agonist, CI-977, reduces excitatory synaptic potentials in the rat locus coeruleus in vitro
    • PINNOCK, R. D.: A highly selective κ-opioid receptor agonist, CI-977, reduces excitatory synaptic potentials in the rat locus coeruleus in vitro. Neuroscience 47: 87-94, 1992b.
    • (1992) Neuroscience , vol.47 , pp. 87-94
    • Pinnock, R.D.1
  • 41
    • 11144300621 scopus 로고
    • Immediate early gene expression in the rat-paw formalin model: The effect of Enadoline
    • POAT, J. A., PETTERSSON, E. K. E., HUNTER, J. C. AND HUGHES, J.: Immediate early gene expression in the rat-paw formalin model: The effect of Enadoline. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 19: 1565, 1993.
    • (1993) Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. , vol.19 , pp. 1565
    • Poat, J.A.1    Pettersson, E.K.E.2    Hunter, J.C.3    Hughes, J.4
  • 42
    • 0023139286 scopus 로고
    • Binaltorphimine and nor-binaltorphimine, potent and selective kappa-opioid receptor antagonists
    • PORTOGHESE, P. S., LIPKOWSKI, A. W. AND TAKEMORI, A. E.: Binaltorphimine and nor-binaltorphimine, potent and selective kappa-opioid receptor antagonists. Life Sci 40: 1287-1292, 1987.
    • (1987) Life Sci , vol.40 , pp. 1287-1292
    • Portoghese, P.S.1    Lipkowski, A.W.2    Takemori, A.E.3
  • 43
    • 0025137135 scopus 로고
    • Systemic morphine suppresses noxious stimulation-evoked fos protein-like immunoreactivity in the rat spinal cord
    • PRESLEY, R. W., MENETREY, D., LEVINE, J. D. AND BASBAUM, A. I.: Systemic morphine suppresses noxious stimulation-evoked fos protein-like immunoreactivity in the rat spinal cord. J. Neurosci. 10: 323-335, 1990.
    • (1990) J. Neurosci. , vol.10 , pp. 323-335
    • Presley, R.W.1    Menetrey, D.2    Levine, J.D.3    Basbaum, A.I.4
  • 44
    • 0025681547 scopus 로고
    • The anticonvulsant action of CI-977, a selective kappa-opioid receptor agonist: A possible involvement of the glycine/NMDA receptor complex
    • SINGII, L., VASS, C. A., HUNTER, J. C., WOODRUFF, G. N. AND HUGHES, J : The anticonvulsant action of CI-977, a selective kappa-opioid receptor agonist: A possible involvement of the glycine/NMDA receptor complex. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 191: 477-480, 1990.
    • (1990) Eur. J. Pharmacol. , vol.191 , pp. 477-480
    • Singii, L.1    Vass, C.A.2    Hunter, J.C.3    Woodruff, G.N.4    Hughes, J.5
  • 45
    • 0026009424 scopus 로고
    • Cross-tolerance studies in the spinal cord of β-fna-treated mice provides further evidence for delta opioid receptor subtypes
    • SOFUOGLU, M., PORTOGHESE, P. S. AND TAKEMORI, A. E.: Cross-tolerance studies in the spinal cord of β-fna-treated mice provides further evidence for delta opioid receptor subtypes. Life Sci. 49: PL-153-PL-156, 1991.
    • (1991) Life Sci. , vol.49
    • Sofuoglu, M.1    Portoghese, P.S.2    Takemori, A.E.3
  • 47
    • 0028215505 scopus 로고
    • Activation of spinal delta-1. or delta-2 opioid receptors reduces carrageenan-induced hyperalgesia in the rat
    • STEWART, P. E. AND HAMMOND, D. L.: Activation of spinal delta-1. or delta-2 opioid receptors reduces carrageenan-induced hyperalgesia in the rat. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 268: 701-708, 1994.
    • (1994) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. , vol.268 , pp. 701-708
    • Stewart, P.E.1    Hammond, D.L.2
  • 48
    • 0027737836 scopus 로고
    • Activation of kappa opioid receptors by U50488H and morphine enhances the release of substance P from rat trigeminal nucleus slices
    • SUAREZ-ROCA, H. AND MAIXNER, W.: Activation of kappa opioid receptors by U50488H and morphine enhances the release of substance P from rat trigeminal nucleus slices. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 264: 648-653, 1993.
    • (1993) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. , vol.264 , pp. 648-653
    • Suarez-Roca, H.1    Maixner, W.2
  • 49
    • 0023277297 scopus 로고
    • α2-adrenoceptor modulation of nociception in rat spinal cord: Location, effects and interactions with morphine
    • SULLIVAN, A. F., DASHWOOD, M. R. AND DICKENSON, A. H.: α2-adrenoceptor modulation of nociception in rat spinal cord: Location, effects and interactions with morphine. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 138: 169-177, 1987.
    • (1987) Eur. J. Pharmacol. , vol.138 , pp. 169-177
    • Sullivan, A.F.1    Dashwood, M.R.2    Dickenson, A.H.3
  • 50
    • 0025086815 scopus 로고
    • Analgesic synergy and improved motor function produced by combinations of μ-δ and μ-κ opioids
    • SUTTER, K. A , MIASKOWSKI, C., TAIWO, Y. O. AND LEVINE, J. D.: Analgesic synergy and improved motor function produced by combinations of μ-δ and μ-κ opioids Brain Res. 530: 290-294, 1990.
    • (1990) Brain Res. , vol.530 , pp. 290-294
    • Sutter, K.A.1    Miaskowski, C.2    Taiwo, Y.O.3    Levine, J.D.4
  • 51
    • 0023812719 scopus 로고
    • Norbinaltorphimine, a highly selective kappa-opioid antagonist in analgesic and receptor binding assays
    • TAKEMORI, A. E., BEGONLA, Y. H O., NAESETH, J. S., PORTOGHESE, P. S.: Norbinaltorphimine, a highly selective kappa-opioid antagonist in analgesic and receptor binding assays. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther, 246: 255-258, 1988.
    • (1988) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther , vol.246 , pp. 255-258
    • Takemori, A.E.1    Begonla, Y.H.O.2    Naeseth, J.S.3    Portoghese, P.S.4
  • 54
    • 0019779623 scopus 로고
    • Possible regulatory role of dynorphin on morphine- and beta-endorphin-induced analgesia
    • TULUNAY, F. C., JEN, M. F., CHANG, J. K., LOH, H. H. AND LEE, N. M.: Possible regulatory role of dynorphin on morphine- and beta-endorphin-induced analgesia. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther 219: 296-298, 1981.
    • (1981) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther , vol.219 , pp. 296-298
    • Tulunay, F.C.1    Jen, M.F.2    Chang, J.K.3    Loh, H.H.4    Lee, N.M.5
  • 55
    • 0020658234 scopus 로고
    • U-50,488h: A selective and structurally novel non-mu (kappa) opioid agonist
    • VONVOIGHTLANDER, P. F., LAHTI, R. A. AND LUDENS, J. H.: U-50,488h: A selective and structurally novel non-mu (kappa) opioid agonist. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 224: 7-12, 1983.
    • (1983) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. , vol.224 , pp. 7-12
    • Vonvoightlander, P.F.1    Lahti, R.A.2    Ludens, J.H.3
  • 56
    • 0020684011 scopus 로고
    • Relative involvement of mu, kappa and delta receptor mechanisms in opiate-mediated antinociception in mice
    • WARD, S. J. AND TAKEMORI, A E.: Relative involvement of mu, kappa and delta receptor mechanisms in opiate-mediated antinociception in mice. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 224: 525-530, 1983.
    • (1983) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. , vol.224 , pp. 525-530
    • Ward, S.J.1    Takemori, A.E.2
  • 57
    • 0025805581 scopus 로고
    • Standardization of the rat paw formalin test for the evaluation of analgesics
    • WHEELER-ACETO, H. AND COWAN, A.: Standardization of the rat paw formalin test for the evaluation of analgesics. Psychopharmacology 104: 35-44, 1991.
    • (1991) Psychopharmacology , vol.104 , pp. 35-44
    • Wheeler-Aceto, H.1    Cowan, A.2
  • 58
    • 0021966740 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacology of spinal adrenergic systems which modulate spinal nociceptive processing
    • YAKSH, T. L.: Pharmacology of spinal adrenergic systems which modulate spinal nociceptive processing. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 22: 845-858, 1985.
    • (1985) Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. , vol.22 , pp. 845-858
    • Yaksh, T.L.1
  • 59
    • 0021894610 scopus 로고
    • The physiology and pharmacology of spinal opiates
    • YAKSH, T. L. AND NOUEIHED, R.: The physiology and pharmacology of spinal opiates. Annu. Rev. Pharmacol Toxicol. 25: 433-462, 1985.
    • (1985) Annu. Rev. Pharmacol Toxicol. , vol.25 , pp. 433-462
    • Yaksh, T.L.1    Noueihed, R.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.