메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 24, Issue 1, 1996, Pages 63-107

Ecological Assessments of Community Disorder: Their Relationship to Fear of Crime and Theoretical Implications

Author keywords

Ecological assessment; Fear of crime; HLM; Multilevel analysis; Neighborhood social disorder; Newspaper content analysis; Physical incivilities; Residential blocks

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AFRICAN AMERICAN; AGED; ARTICLE; CAUCASIAN; CHILD; CRIME; EPIDEMIOLOGY; FEAR; FEMALE; HUMAN; INDIVIDUALITY; JUVENILE DELINQUENCY; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; PUBLIC OPINION; SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT; SOCIAL PROBLEM; UNITED STATES; URBAN POPULATION;

EID: 0030076747     PISSN: 00910562     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/BF02511883     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (457)

References (72)
  • 2
    • 84955520895 scopus 로고
    • Victimization rates, safety, and fear of crime
    • Balkin, S. (1979). Victimization rates, safety, and fear of crime. Social Problems, 26, 343-350.
    • (1979) Social Problems , vol.26 , pp. 343-350
    • Balkin, S.1
  • 3
    • 0000611256 scopus 로고
    • Application of hierarchical linear models to assessing change
    • Bryk, A. S., & Raudenbush, S. W. (1987). Application of hierarchical linear models to assessing change. Psychological Bulletin, 101, 147-158.
    • (1987) Psychological Bulletin , vol.101 , pp. 147-158
    • Bryk, A.S.1    Raudenbush, S.W.2
  • 5
    • 0001410759 scopus 로고
    • The effects of high school on dropping out: An exploratory investigation
    • Bryk, A. S., & Thum, Y. M. (1989). The effects of high school on dropping out: An exploratory investigation. American Educational Research Journal, 26, 353-384.
    • (1989) American Educational Research Journal , vol.26 , pp. 353-384
    • Bryk, A.S.1    Thum, Y.M.2
  • 7
    • 84983980221 scopus 로고
    • Fear of crime in urban residential neighborhoods; Implications of between- And within-neighborhood sources for current models
    • Covington, J., & Taylor, R. B. (1991). Fear of crime in urban residential neighborhoods; Implications of between- and within-neighborhood sources for current models. Sociological Quarterly, 32, 231-249.
    • (1991) Sociological Quarterly , vol.32 , pp. 231-249
    • Covington, J.1    Taylor, R.B.2
  • 8
    • 0004274633 scopus 로고
    • Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press
    • Crenson, M. (1983). Neighborhood politics. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • (1983) Neighborhood Politics
    • Crenson, M.1
  • 9
    • 0000983666 scopus 로고
    • Bias in the newspaper reporting of crime news
    • Ditton, J., & Duffy, J. (1983). Bias in the newspaper reporting of crime news. British Journal of Criminology, 23, 159-165.
    • (1983) British Journal of Criminology , vol.23 , pp. 159-165
    • Ditton, J.1    Duffy, J.2
  • 12
    • 84982703428 scopus 로고
    • The measurement of fear of crime
    • Ferraro, K., & LaGrange, R. (1987). The measurement of fear of crime. Sociological Inquiry, 57, 70-101.
    • (1987) Sociological Inquiry , vol.57 , pp. 70-101
    • Ferraro, K.1    LaGrange, R.2
  • 13
    • 0000063413 scopus 로고
    • The fear of crime: Broadening our perspective
    • Garofalo, J., & Laub, J. (1978). The fear of crime: Broadening our perspective. Victimology, 3, 242-253.
    • (1978) Victimology , vol.3 , pp. 242-253
    • Garofalo, J.1    Laub, J.2
  • 14
    • 0013246170 scopus 로고
    • The role of experience in the production of fear of crime: A test of a causal model
    • Gomme, I. M. (1988). The role of experience in the production of fear of crime: A test of a causal model. Canadian Journal of Criminology, 30, 67-76.
    • (1988) Canadian Journal of Criminology , vol.30 , pp. 67-76
    • Gomme, I.M.1
  • 15
    • 0007322864 scopus 로고
    • Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins University, Center for Metropolitan Planning and Research
    • Goodman, A. C., & Taylor, R. B. (1983). The Baltimore Neighborhood Factbook. Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins University, Center for Metropolitan Planning and Research.
    • (1983) The Baltimore Neighborhood Factbook
    • Goodman, A.C.1    Taylor, R.B.2
  • 17
    • 0040646783 scopus 로고
    • Community-based policing and foot patrol: Issues of theory and evaluation
    • J. R. Greene & S. D. Mastrofski (Eds.), New York: Praeger
    • Greene, J. R., & Taylor, R. B. (1988). Community-based policing and foot patrol: Issues of theory and evaluation. In J. R. Greene & S. D. Mastrofski (Eds.), Community policing: Rhetoric or reality? (pp. 195-224). New York: Praeger.
    • (1988) Community Policing: Rhetoric or Reality? , pp. 195-224
    • Greene, J.R.1    Taylor, R.B.2
  • 19
    • 0006954166 scopus 로고
    • Area, crime, and incivility: A profile from the British Crime Survey
    • T. Hope & M. Shaw (Eds.), London: Her Majesty's Stationery Office
    • Hope, T., & Hough, M. (1988). Area, crime, and incivility: A profile from the British Crime Survey. In T. Hope & M. Shaw (Eds.), Communities and crime reduction (pp. 30-47). London: Her Majesty's Stationery Office.
    • (1988) Communities and Crime Reduction , pp. 30-47
    • Hope, T.1    Hough, M.2
  • 21
    • 0019793687 scopus 로고
    • Reporting crime and fearing crime in three communities
    • Jaehnig, W. B., Weaver, D. H., & Fico, F. (1981). Reporting crime and fearing crime in three communities. Journal of Communication, 31, 88-96.
    • (1981) Journal of Communication , vol.31 , pp. 88-96
    • Jaehnig, W.B.1    Weaver, D.H.2    Fico, F.3
  • 24
    • 0024451727 scopus 로고
    • Assessing age and gender differences in perceived risk and fear of crime
    • LaGrange, R. L., & Ferraro, K. F. (1989). Assessing age and gender differences in perceived risk and fear of crime. Criminology, 27, 697-719.
    • (1989) Criminology , vol.27 , pp. 697-719
    • Lagrange, R.L.1    Ferraro, K.F.2
  • 26
    • 0019272371 scopus 로고
    • Victimization and fear of crime in elderly public housing tenants
    • Lawton, M. P., & Yaffe, S. (1980). Victimization and fear of crime in elderly public housing tenants. Journal of Gerontology, 35, 768-779.
    • (1980) Journal of Gerontology , vol.35 , pp. 768-779
    • Lawton, M.P.1    Yaffe, S.2
  • 27
    • 0019311402 scopus 로고
    • Fear in the neighborhoods: An investigation of the impact of crime
    • Lewis, D. A., & Maxfield, M. (1980). Fear in the neighborhoods: An investigation of the impact of crime. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 17, 160-189.
    • (1980) Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency , vol.17 , pp. 160-189
    • Lewis, D.A.1    Maxfield, M.2
  • 28
    • 0039883164 scopus 로고
    • Crime as stress: On the internalization of a social problem
    • E. Seidman & J. Rappaport (Eds.), New York: Plenum Press
    • Lewis, D. A., & Riger, S. (1986). Crime as stress: On the internalization of a social problem. In E. Seidman & J. Rappaport (Eds.), Redefining social problems. New York: Plenum Press.
    • (1986) Redefining Social Problems
    • Lewis, D.A.1    Riger, S.2
  • 30
    • 84929229075 scopus 로고
    • Feeling safe by comparison: Crime in the newspapers
    • Liska, A. E., & Baccaglini, W. (1990). Feeling safe by comparison: Crime in the newspapers. Social Problems, 37, 360-374.
    • (1990) Social Problems , vol.37 , pp. 360-374
    • Liska, A.E.1    Baccaglini, W.2
  • 31
    • 84963039328 scopus 로고
    • Fear of crime and constrained behavior: Estimating a reciprocal effects model
    • Liska, A. E., Sanchirico, A., & Reed, M. D. (1988). Fear of crime and constrained behavior: Estimating a reciprocal effects model. Social Forces, 66, 827-837.
    • (1988) Social Forces , vol.66 , pp. 827-837
    • Liska, A.E.1    Sanchirico, A.2    Reed, M.D.3
  • 32
    • 27644465344 scopus 로고
    • Incivilities and fear of crime in England and Wales and the United States: A comparative analysis
    • Montreal
    • Maxfield, M. G. (1987). Incivilities and fear of crime in England and Wales and the United States: A comparative analysis. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Society of Criminology, Montreal.
    • (1987) Annual Meeting of the American Society of Criminology
    • Maxfield, M.G.1
  • 33
    • 1842543617 scopus 로고
    • Special Issue: Fear of Crime
    • Melnicoe, S. (Ed.). (1987). Special Issue: Fear of Crime. Crime and Delinquency, 33.
    • (1987) Crime and Delinquency , vol.33
    • Melnicoe, S.1
  • 36
    • 0000949956 scopus 로고
    • The effects of building size on personal crime and fear of crime
    • Newman, O., & Franck, K. (1982). The effects of building size on personal crime and fear of crime. Population and Environment, 5, 203-220.
    • (1982) Population and Environment , vol.5 , pp. 203-220
    • Newman, O.1    Franck, K.2
  • 37
    • 0000089245 scopus 로고
    • The psychological experience of crime: A test of the mediating role of beliefs in explaining the distress of victims
    • Morris, F. H., & Kaniasty, K. (1991). The psychological experience of crime: A test of the mediating role of beliefs in explaining the distress of victims. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 10, 239-261.
    • (1991) Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology , vol.10 , pp. 239-261
    • Morris, F.H.1    Kaniasty, K.2
  • 38
    • 0026937665 scopus 로고
    • A longitudinal study of the effects of various crime prevention strategies on criminal victimization, fear of crime, and psychological distress
    • Norris, F. H., & Kaniasty, K. (1992). A longitudinal study of the effects of various crime prevention strategies on criminal victimization, fear of crime, and psychological distress. American Journal of Community Psychology, 20, 625-648.
    • (1992) American Journal of Community Psychology , vol.20 , pp. 625-648
    • Norris, F.H.1    Kaniasty, K.2
  • 40
    • 84965634144 scopus 로고
    • Crime news and real-world blues: The effects of the media on social reality
    • O'Keefe, G. J., & Reid-Nash, K. (1987). Crime news and real-world blues: The effects of the media on social reality. Communication Research, 14, 147-163.
    • (1987) Communication Research , vol.14 , pp. 147-163
    • O'Keefe, G.J.1    Reid-Nash, K.2
  • 41
    • 84984369202 scopus 로고
    • Race and gender effects on fear of crime: An interactive model with age
    • Ortega, S. T., & Myles, J. L. (1987). Race and gender effects on fear of crime: An interactive model with age. Criminology, 25, 133-152.
    • (1987) Criminology , vol.25 , pp. 133-152
    • Ortega, S.T.1    Myles, J.L.2
  • 44
    • 0000559165 scopus 로고
    • The physical environment of street blocks and resident perceptions of crime and disorder: Implications for theory and measurement
    • Perkins, D. D., Meeks, J. W., & Taylor, R. B. (1992). The physical environment of street blocks and resident perceptions of crime and disorder: Implications for theory and measurement. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 12, 21-34.
    • (1992) Journal of Environmental Psychology , vol.12 , pp. 21-34
    • Perkins, D.D.1    Meeks, J.W.2    Taylor, R.B.3
  • 45
    • 0002676513 scopus 로고
    • The physical environment of street crime: Defensible space, territoriality and incivilities
    • Perkins, D. D., Wandersman, A., Rich, R. C., & Taylor, R. B. (1993). The physical environment of street crime: Defensible space, territoriality and incivilities. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 13, 29-49.
    • (1993) Journal of Environmental Psychology , vol.13 , pp. 29-49
    • Perkins, D.D.1    Wandersman, A.2    Rich, R.C.3    Taylor, R.B.4
  • 46
    • 0002007029 scopus 로고
    • Educational applications of hierarchical linear models: A review
    • Raudenbush, S. W. (1988). Educational applications of hierarchical linear models: A review. Journal of Educational Statistics, 13, 85-116.
    • (1988) Journal of Educational Statistics , vol.13 , pp. 85-116
    • Raudenbush, S.W.1
  • 48
    • 0027759822 scopus 로고
    • Application of a Hierarchical Linear Model to the study of adolescent deviance in an overlapping cohort design
    • Raudenbush, S. W., & Chan, W. (1993). Application of a Hierarchical Linear Model to the study of adolescent deviance in an overlapping cohort design. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 61, 941-951.
    • (1993) Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology , vol.61 , pp. 941-951
    • Raudenbush, S.W.1    Chan, W.2
  • 49
    • 34248477498 scopus 로고
    • Community ties and urbanites' fear of crime: An ecological investigation
    • Riger, S., Gordon, M., & LeBailly, R. (1981). Community ties and urbanites' fear of crime: An ecological investigation. American Journal of Community Psychology, 9, 653-665.
    • (1981) American Journal of Community Psychology , vol.9 , pp. 653-665
    • Riger, S.1    Gordon, M.2    Lebailly, R.3
  • 50
    • 1842439264 scopus 로고
    • Neighborhood-based crime prevention: Assessing the efficacy of community organizing in Chicago
    • D. Rosenbaum (Ed.), Beverly Hills: Sage
    • Rosenbaum, D. P., Lewis, D. A., & Grant, J. A. (1986). Neighborhood-based crime prevention: Assessing the efficacy of community organizing in Chicago. In D. Rosenbaum (Ed.), Community Crime Prevention: Does it work? (pp. 109-133). Beverly Hills: Sage.
    • (1986) Community Crime Prevention: Does It Work? , pp. 109-133
    • Rosenbaum, D.P.1    Lewis, D.A.2    Grant, J.A.3
  • 51
    • 84936824191 scopus 로고
    • Urban black violence: The effect of male joblessness and family disruption
    • Sampson, R. J. (1987). Urban black violence: The effect of male joblessness and family disruption. American Journal of Sociology, 93, 348-382.
    • (1987) American Journal of Sociology , vol.93 , pp. 348-382
    • Sampson, R.J.1
  • 53
    • 0018150911 scopus 로고
    • Criminal victimization of the elderly: The physical and economic consequences
    • Skogan, W., Cook, F., Antunes, G., & Cook, T. D. (1978). Criminal victimization of the elderly: The physical and economic consequences. Gerontologist, 18, 339-349.
    • (1978) Gerontologist , vol.18 , pp. 339-349
    • Skogan, W.1    Cook, F.2    Antunes, G.3    Cook, T.D.4
  • 56
    • 84929227480 scopus 로고
    • The difference between fear of victimization and the probability of being victimized: Implications for cultivation
    • Sparks, G. G., & Ogles, R. M. (1990). The difference between fear of victimization and the probability of being victimized: Implications for cultivation. Journal of Broadcasting and Electronic Media, 34, 351-358.
    • (1990) Journal of Broadcasting and Electronic Media , vol.34 , pp. 351-358
    • Sparks, G.G.1    Ogles, R.M.2
  • 58
    • 0007492692 scopus 로고
    • Toward an environmental psychology of disorder: Delinquency, crime, and fear of crime
    • D. Stokols & I. Altman (Eds.), New York: Wiley
    • Taylor, R. B. (1987). Toward an environmental psychology of disorder: Delinquency, crime, and fear of crime. In D. Stokols & I. Altman (Eds.), Handbook of environmental psychology (Vol. 2, pp. 951-986). New York: Wiley.
    • (1987) Handbook of Environmental Psychology , vol.2 , pp. 951-986
    • Taylor, R.B.1
  • 60
    • 0010969947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neighborhood responses to disorder and local attachments: The systemic model of attachment, social disorganization, and neighborhood use value
    • Taylor, R. B. (1996). Neighborhood responses to disorder and local attachments: The systemic model of attachment, social disorganization, and neighborhood use value. Sociological Forum, 11, 41-74.
    • (1996) Sociological Forum , vol.11 , pp. 41-74
    • Taylor, R.B.1
  • 61
    • 85045015400 scopus 로고
    • Community structural change and fear of crime
    • Taylor, R. B., & Covington, J. (1993). Community structural change and fear of crime. Social Problems, 40, 374-397.
    • (1993) Social Problems , vol.40 , pp. 374-397
    • Taylor, R.B.1    Covington, J.2
  • 62
    • 0021631292 scopus 로고
    • Block crime and fear: Defensible space, local social ties, and territorial functioning
    • Taylor, R. B., Gottfredson, S. D., & Brower, S. (1984). Block crime and fear: Defensible space, local social ties, and territorial functioning. Journal of Crime and Delinquency, 21, 303-331.
    • (1984) Journal of Crime and Delinquency , vol.21 , pp. 303-331
    • Taylor, R.B.1    Gottfredson, S.D.2    Brower, S.3
  • 65
    • 0029507175 scopus 로고
    • Street blocks with more nonresidential land use have more physical deterioration: Evidence from Baltimore and Philadelphia
    • Taylor, R. B., Koons, B. A., Kurtz, E. M., Greene, J. R., & Perkins, D. D. (1995). Street blocks with more nonresidential land use have more physical deterioration: Evidence from Baltimore and Philadelphia. Urban Affairs Review, 31, 120-136.
    • (1995) Urban Affairs Review , vol.31 , pp. 120-136
    • Taylor, R.B.1    Koons, B.A.2    Kurtz, E.M.3    Greene, J.R.4    Perkins, D.D.5
  • 67
    • 0025504928 scopus 로고
    • Local crime as a natural hazard: Implications for understanding the relationship between disorder and fear
    • Taylor, R. B., & Shumaker, S. (1990). Local crime as a natural hazard: Implications for understanding the relationship between disorder and fear. American Journal of Community Psychology, 18, 619-641.
    • (1990) American Journal of Community Psychology , vol.18 , pp. 619-641
    • Taylor, R.B.1    Shumaker, S.2
  • 69
    • 84993843423 scopus 로고
    • Assessing the risk of crime victimization: The integration of personal victimization experience and socially transmitted information
    • Tyler, T. R. (1984). Assessing the risk of crime victimization: The integration of personal victimization experience and socially transmitted information. Journal of Social Issues, 40, 27-38.
    • (1984) Journal of Social Issues , vol.40 , pp. 27-38
    • Tyler, T.R.1
  • 70
    • 0002334319 scopus 로고
    • Fear of crime: Read all about it? the relationship between newspaper crime reporting and fear of crime
    • Williams, P., & Dickinson, J. (1993). Fear of crime: Read all about it? The relationship between newspaper crime reporting and fear of crime. British Journal of Criminology, 33, 33-56.
    • (1993) British Journal of Criminology , vol.33 , pp. 33-56
    • Williams, P.1    Dickinson, J.2
  • 72
    • 0002787474 scopus 로고
    • The police and neighborhood safety: Broken windows
    • March.
    • Wilson, J. Q., & Kelling, C. (1982, March). The police and neighborhood safety: Broken windows. Atlantic, 127, 29-38.
    • (1982) Atlantic , vol.127 , pp. 29-38
    • Wilson, J.Q.1    Kelling, C.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.