Occurrence and morphology of carbonate concretions in the Beulah-Zap coal bed, Williston basin, North Dakota

Organic Geochemistry

Volumn 24, Issue 2, 1996, Pages 227-232

  Keighin, C W M ^a   Flores, Romeo M ^a   Rowland, Terry ^b  

^a U S GEOLOGICAL SURVEY   (United States)

^b Box 49 ^*  (United States)

Author keywords

coal balls; concretions; lignite; North Dakota; Williston Basin

Indexed keywords

CALCITE; CARBONATE; COAL; CONCRETION; DIAGENESIS; LIGNITE;

USA, NORTH DAKOTA, WILLISTON BASIN;

CALCITE; CARBONATE MINERALS; DECOMPOSITION; ISOTOPES; LIGNITE MINES; MORPHOLOGY; OXYGEN; PEAT;

CARBONATE CONCRETIONARY BODIES; CARBONATE CONCRETIONS; COAL BALLS; COAL BEDS; DIAGENESIS; LIGNITE SEAM; NORTH DAKOTA; WILLISTON BASIN;

COAL DEPOSITS;

EID: 0030072224     PISSN: 01466380     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/0146-6380(96)00020-4     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (28)

1. Anderson T. F., Brownlee M. E. and Phillips T. L. (1980) A stable isotope study on the origin of permineralized peat zones in the Herrin coal. J. Geol. 88, 713-722.
2. Basinger J. F. (1976) Palerosa similkameenensis, gen. et sp. nov., permineralized flowers (Rosaceae) from the Eocene of British Columbia. Can. J. Bol. 54, 2293-2305.
3. Basinger J. F. and Rothwell G. W. (1977) Anatomically preserved plants from the Middle Eocene (Allenby Formation) of British Columbia, Can. J. Bot. 55, 1984-1990.
4. Benson S. A., Zygarlicke C. J., Steadman E. N. and Karner F. R. (1992) Geochemistry and mineralogy of Fort Union lignites. In Geology and Utilization of Fort Union Lignites (Edited by Finkelman R. B., Tewalt S. J. and Daly D. J.). pp. 111-120. Environmental and Coal Associates, Reston, VA.
5. Chafetz H. S., Wilkinson B. H. and Love K. M. (1985) Morphology and composition of non-marine carbonate cements in near-surface settings. In Carbonate Cements (Edited by Schneidermann N. and Harris P. M.). SEPM Special Publication No. 36, 337-347.
6. Cherven V. B. (1973) High-and low-sinuosity stream deposits of the Sentinel Butte Formation (Paleocene), McKenzie County, North Dakota. Unpublished Master's thesis. University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, 73 pp.
7. Cherven V. B. and Jacob A. F. (1985) Evolution of Paleogene depositional systems, Williston basin, in response to global sea level changes. In Cenozoic Paleogeography of the West-Central United States, Rocky Mountain Paleogeography (Edited by Flores R. M. and Kaplan S. S.). pp. 127-170. Symposium 3, Rocky Mountain Section, SEPM.
8. Coleman M. L. (1993) Microbial processes: controls on the shape and composition of carbonate concretions. Marine Geol. 113, 127-140.
9. Coniglio M. and Cameron J. S. (1990) Early diagenesis in a potential oil shale: evidence from calcite concretions in the Upper Devonian Kettle Point Formation, southwestern Ontario. Bull. Can. Pet. Geol. 38, 64-77.
10. Cross A. T. (1969) Coal balls: their origin, nature, geologic significance and distribution. Geol. Soc. Am., Abstracts with programs 1, 42.
11. Daly D. J., Schmit C. R. and Sholes M. A. (1992) A review of the geology and depositional environments of the coal-bearing sequence in the Fort Union Lignite Region. In Geology and Utilization of Fort Union Lignites (Edited by Finkelman R. B., Tewalt S. J. and Daly D. J.). pp. 3-33. Environmental and Coal Associates, Reston, VA.
12. Force E. R., Back W., Spiker E. C. and Knauth L. P. (1986) A ground-water mixing model for the origin of the Imini manganese deposit (Cretaceous) of Morocco. Econ. Geol. 81, 65-79.
13. Gould R. E. (1970) Palaeosmunda, a new genus of siphonostelic osmundaceous trunks from Upper Permian of Queensland. Paleontology 13, 10-28.
14. Irwin H., Curtis C. and Coleman M. (1977) Isotopic evidence for source of diagenetic carbonates formed during burial of organic-rich sediments. Nature 269, 209-213.
15. Love L. G., Coleman M. L. and Curtis C. D. (1983) Diagenetic pyrite formation and sulphur isotope fractionation associated with a Westphalian marine incursion, northern England. Trans. Rov. Soc. Edinburgh: Earth Sci. 74, part 3, 165-182.
16. Mamay S. H. and Yochelson E. L. (1962) Occurrence and significance of marine animal remains in American coal balls. U.S. Geol. Sur. Prof. Paper 354-1, 193-224.
17. Perkins T. W. (1976) Textures and conditions of formation of Middle Pennsylvanian coal balls, central United States. Univ. Kansas Paleontol. Cont. 82, 1-13.
18. Phillips T. L. and Cross A.T. (1991) Paleobotany and paleoecology of coal. In Economic Geology, U.S. (Edited by Gluskoter H. J., Rice D. D. and Taylor R. B.), pp. 483-502. Geological Society of America, The Geology of North America, P-2.
19. Postma D. (1977) The occurrence and chemical composition of recent Fe-rich mixed carbonates in a river bog. J. Sed. Petrol. 47, 1089-1098.
20. Scotchman I. C. (1991) The geochemistry of concretions from the Kimmeridge Clay Formation of southern and eastern England. Sedimentology 38, 79-106.
21. Sholes M. A. (1992) Coal petrology in the Williston Basin, Montana and North Dakota: a review. In Geology and Utilization of Fort Union Lignites (Edited by Finkelman R. B., Tewalt S. J. and Daly D. J.), pp. 87-96. Environmental and Coal Associates, Reston, VA.
22. Stockey R. A. (1987) A permineralized flower from the Middle Eocene of British Columbia. Am. J. Bol. 74, 1878-1887.
23. Taylor E. L., Taylor T. N. and Collinson J. W. (1989) Depositional setting and paleobotany of Permian and Triassic permineralized peat from the central Transantarctic Mountains, Antarctica. In Peat and Coal: Origin, Fades, and Depositional Models (Edited by Lyons P. C. and Alpern B.). Int. J. Coal Geol. 12, 657-679.
24. Tewalt S. J., Finkelman R. B. and Hildebrand R. T. (1992) Lignite chemical characteristics and trends in the Fort Union Formation, North Dakota and Montana. In Geology and Utilization of Fort Union Lignites (Edited by Finkelman R. B., Tewalt S. J. and Daly D. J.), pp. 97-110. Environmental and Coal Associates, Reston, VA.
25. Ting F. T. C. (1972) Petrified peat from a Paleocene lignite in North Dakota. Science 177, 165-166.
26. Vrolijk P. and Sheppard S. M. F. (1991) Syntectonic carbonate veins from the Barbados accretionary prism (ODP Leg 110): record of paleohydrology, Sedimentologv 38, 671-690.
27. Wallick B. T. (1984) Sedimentology of the Bullion Creek and Sentinel Butte Formations (Paleocene) in a part of southern McKenzie County, North Dakota, Unpublished Master's thesis. University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, 245 pp.
28. Willis J. J., Bailey A. M. and Cohen A. D. (1991) Behavior of inorganic constituents during early diagenesis of peats. Tram. Gulf Coast Assoc. Geol. Soc. XLI, 690-701.