Isozyme analysis of intercontinental disjuncts within Styrax (Styracaceae): Implications for the Madrean-Tethyan hypothesis

American Journal of Botany

Volumn 83, Issue 3, 1996, Pages 342-355

  Fritsch, Peter ^a,b  

^a RANCHO SANTA ANA BOTANIC GARDEN   (United States)

^b DUKE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Disjuncts; Isozyme analysis; Madrean Tethyan hypothesis; Styracaceae; Styrax

Indexed keywords

STYRAX SPP.;

EID: 0030069540     PISSN: 00029122     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2307/2446169     Document Type: Article

References (85)

1. AXELROD, D. I. 1956. Mio-Pliocene floras from west-central Nevada. University of California Publications in Geological Sciences 34: 91-160.
2. _. 1958. Evolution of the Madro-Tertiary Geoflora. Botanical Review 24: 433-509.
3. _. 1972. Edaphic aridity as a factor in angiosperm evolution. Amererican Naturalist 106: 311-320.
4. _. 1973. History of the Mediterranean ecosystem in California. In F. di Castri and H. A. Mooney [eds.], Mediterranean type ecosystems: origin and structure, 225-227. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
5. _. 1975. Evolution and biogeography of Madrean-Tethyan sclerophyll vegetation. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 62: 280-334.
6. _. 1985. Miocene floras from the Middlegate Basin, west-central Nevada. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA.
7. BALDWIN, B. G., M. J. SANDERSON, J. M. PORTER, M. F. WOJCIECHOWSKI, C. S. CAMPBELL, AND M. J. DONOGHUE. 1995. The ITS region of nuclear ribosomal DNA: a valuable source of evidence on angiosperm phylogeny. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 82: 247-277.
8. BOUSQUET, J., S. H. STRAUS, A. H. DOERKSEN, AND R. A. PRICE. 1992. Extensive variation in evolutionary rate of rbcL gene sequences among seed plants. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 89: 7844-7848.
9. BROWICZ, K. 1983. Chorology of trees and shrubs in south-west Asia and adjacent regions. vol. II. Polish Scientific Publishers, Warsaw.
10. BRUNSFELD, S. J., P. S. SOLTIS, D. E. SOLTIS, P. A. GADEK, C. J. QUINN, D. D. STRENGE, AND T. A. RANKER. 1994. Phylogenetic relationships among the genera of Taxodiaceae and Cupressaceae: evidence from rbcL sequences. Systematic Botany 19: 253-262.
11. CARLQUIST, S. 1980. Further concepts in ecological wood anatomy, with comments on recent work in wood anatomy and evolution. Aliso 9: 499-553.
12. CARLSTRÖM, A. 1987. A survey of the flora and phytogeography of Rodhos, Simi, Tilos and the Marmaris Peninsula (SE Greece, SW Turkey). University of Lund, Lund.
13. COPELAND, H. F. 1938. The Styrax of northern California and the relationships of the Styracaceae. American Journal of Botany 25: 771-780.
14. CORY, V. L. 1943. The genus Styrax in central and western Texas. Madroño 7: 110-115.
15. COX, P. 1987. Chasing the wild Texas snowbells. Center for Plant Conservation 2: 1, 8.
16. CRAWFORD, D. J. 1983. Phylogenetic and systematic inferences from electrophoretic studies. In S. O. Tanksley and T. J. Orton [eds.], Isozymes in plant genetics and breeding, part A, 257-287. Elsevier, Amsterdam.
17. _. 1989. Enzyme electrophoresis and plant systematics. In D. E. Soltis and P. S. Soltis [eds.], Isozymes in plant biology, 146-164. Dioscorides Press, Portland, OR.
18. DAVIS, M. B. 1983. Quaternary history of deciduous forests of eastern North America and Europe. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 70: 550-563.
19. DI CASTRI, F., W. D. GOODALL, AND R. L. SPECHT [EDS.]. 1981. Mediterranean-type shrublands. Elsevier, New York, NY.
20. DICKISON, W. C., AND K. D. PHEND. 1985. Wood anatomy of the Styracaceae: evolutionary and ecological considerations. IAWA Bulletin 6: 3-22.
21. ENGLER, A. 1904. Über floristische Verwandtschaft zwischen dem tropischen Afrika und Amerika, sowie über die Annahme eines versunkenen brasilianisch-äthiopischen Kontinents. Sitzungsberichte der Königlich Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 9: 180-231.
22. FELSENSTEIN, J. 1989. PHYLIP - Phylogeny Inference Package. Version 3.2. Cladistics 5: 164-166.
23. FRITSCH, P. Population structuring and patterns of morphological variation in Californian Styrax. Aliso, in press.
24. GONSOULIN, G. J. 1974. A revision of Styrax (Styracaceae) in North America, Central America, and the Caribbean. Sida 5: 191-258.
25. GOTTLIEB, L. D. 1977. Electrophoretic evidence and plant systematics. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 64: 161-180.
26. HAMRICK, J. L., AND M. J. W. GODT. 1989. Allozyme diversity in plant species. In A. H. D. Brown, M. T. Clegg, A. L. Kahler and B. S. Wier [eds.], Plant population genetics, breeding and genetic resources, 43-63. Sinauer, Sunderland, MA.
27. _, _, AND S. L. SHERMAN-BROYLES. 1992. Factors influencing levels of genetic diversity in woody plant species. New Forests 6: 95-124.
28. _, Y. B. LINHART, AND J. B. MITTON. 1979. Relationships between life history characteristics and electrophoretically detectable variation in plants. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 10: 173-200.
29. HOEY, M. T., AND C. R. PARKS. 1991. Isozyme divergence between eastern Asian, North American and Turkish species of Liquidambar (Hamamelidaceae). American Journal of Botany 78: 938-947.
30. _, AND _. 1994. Genetic divergence in Liquidambar styraciflua, L. formosana, and L. acalycina (Hamamelidaceae). Systematic Botany 19: 308-316.
31. JEPSON, W. L. 1925. A manual of the flowering plants of California. California School Book Depository, San Francisco, CA.
32. KLEKOWSKI, E. J. 1988. Mutation, developmental selection, and plant evolution. Columbia University Press, New York, NY.
33. KNOWLTON, F. H. 1930. The flora of the Denver and associated formations of Colorado. United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 155. United States Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.
34. KÖHLER, E., AND P. BRÜCKNER. 1989. The genus Buxus (Buxaceae): aspects of its differentiation in space and time. Plant Systematics and Evolution 162: 267-283.
35. KOHNE, D. E. 1970. Evolution of higher-organism DNA. Quarterly Review of Biophysics 33: 327-375.
36. KOLAKOVSKYI, A. A. 1964. The Pliocene flora from Kodor. Suchumi Botanical Garden, Suchumi.
37. KUMMEROW, J. 1983. Comparative phenology of mediterranean-type plant communities. In F. J. Kruger, D. T. Mitchell, and J. U. M. Jarvis [eds.], Mediterranean-type ecosystems: the role of nutrients, 300-317. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
38. LE HOUÉROU, H. N. 1981. Impact of man and his animals on Mediterranean vegetation. In F. di Castri, W. D. Goodall and R. L. Specht [eds.], Mediterranean-type shrublands, 479-521. Elsevier, New York, NY.
39. LESQUEREUX, D. 1888. Specimens of fossil plants collected at Golden, Colorado 1883, for the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Cambridge, Mass. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 16: 43-59.
40. LI, C. C., AND D. G. HORVITZ. 1953. Some methods of estimating the inbreeding coefficient. American Journal of Human Genetics 5: 107-117.
41. LISTON, A., L. H. RIESEBERG, AND T. S. ELIAS. 1989. Morphological stasis and molecular divergence in the intercontinental disjunct genus Datisca (Datiscaceae). Aliso 12: 525-542.
42. _, _, AND M. A. HANSON. 1992. Geographic partitioning of chloroplast DNA variation in the genus Datisca (Datiscaceae). Plant Systematics and Evolution 181: 121-132.
43. LITTLE, E. L., AND W. B. CRITCHFIELD. 1969. Subdivisions of the genus Pinus (Pines). United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service Miscellaneous Publication 1144.
44. MAI, D. H. 1964. Die Mastixioideen-floren im Tertiär der Oberlausitz. Paläontologische Abhandlungen B2: 1-192.
45. _. 1987. Development and regional differentiation of the European vegetation during the Tertiary. Plant Systematics and Evolution 162: 79-91.
46. MANOS, P. 1992. Cladistic analyses of molecular variation of "higher" Hamamelididae and Fagaceae, and Systematics of Quercus section Protobalanus, Ph. D. dissertation, Cornell University. Ithaca, NY.
47. MEUSEL, H. VON. 1969. Beziehungen in der Florendifferenzierung von Eurasien und Nordamerika. Flora 158: 537-564.
48. MILLAR, C. I. 1993. Impact of the Eocene on the evolution of Pinus L. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 80: 471-498.
49. MUNZ, P. A., AND I. M. JOHNSTON. 1924. Miscellaneous notes on plants of southern California. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 51: 95-302.
50. NEI, M. 1972. Genetic distance between populations. American Naturalist 106: 283-292.
51. _. 1973. Analysis of gene diversity in subdivided populations. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 70: 3321-3323.
52. _. 1978. Estimation of average heterozygosity and genetic distance for a small number of individuals. Genetics 89: 583-590.
53. _. 1987. Molecular evolutionary genetics. Columbia University Press, New York, NY.
54. NIXON, K. C. 1993. Infrageneric classification of Quercus (Fagaceae) and typification of sectional names. Annals of Science and Forestry 50, supplement 1: 25-34.
55. ORSHAN, G. [ed.]. 1989. Plant pheno-morphological studies in mediterranean type ecosystems. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht.
56. PALAMAREV, E. 1987. Paleobotanical evidences of the Tertiary history and origin of the Mediterranean sclerophyll dendroflora. Plant Systematics and Evolution 162: 93-107.
57. PARKS, C. R., AND J. F. WENDEL. 1990. Molecular divergence between Asian and North American species of Liriodendron (Magnoliaceae) with implications of fossil floras. American Journal of Botany 77: 1243-1256.
58. PERKINS, J. 1907. Styracaceae. Pflanzenreich IV. 241: 1-111
59. RAVEN, P. H. 1971. The relationships between 'Mediterranean' floras. In P. H. Davis, P. C. Harper, and I. C. Hedge [eds.], Plant life of south-west Asia, 119-134. Botanical Society of Edinburgh, Aberdeen.
60. _. 1973. The evolution of mediterranean floras. In F. di Castri and H. A. Mooney [eds.], Mediterranean type ecosystems: origin and structure, 213-224. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
61. _, AND D. I. AXELROD. 1978. Origin and relationships of the California flora. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA.
62. RAY, M. F. 1994. Biogeography and systematics of Lavatera and Malva (Malvaceae) species. American Journal of Botany 81: 199 (abstract).
63. REHDER, A. 1915. Neue oder kritische Gehölze. Mitteilungen der Deutschen Dendrologischen Gesellschaft 24: 213-228.
64. REID, E. M. 1935. British floras antecedent to the Great Ice Age. In Discussions on the origin and relationship of the British flora. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series B Biological Sciences 118: 197-241.
65. RIESEEERG, L. H., AND D. E. SOLTIS. 1987. Allozymic differentiation between Tolmiea menziesii and Tellima grandiflora (Saxifragaceae). Systematic Botany 12: 154-161.
66. SAITOU, N., AND M. NEI. 1987. The neighbor-joining method: a new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Molecular Biology and Evolution 4: 406-425.
67. SARICH, V. M. 1977. Rates, sample sizes, and the neutrality hypothesis for electrophoresis in evolutionary studies. Nature 265: 24-28.
68. SLATKIN, M. 1985. Rare alleles as indicators of gene flow. Evolution 39: 53-65.
69. SOLTIS, D. E., C. H. HAUFLER, D. C. DARROW, AND G. H. GASTONY. 1983. Starch gel electrophoresis of ferns: a compilation of grinding buffers, gel and electrode buffers, and staining schedules. American Fern Journal 73: 9-27.
70. SPECHT, R. L. 1979. Heathlands and related shrublands of the world. In R. L. Specht [ed.], Ecosystems of the world, vol. 9B, Heathlands and related shrublands, part a: descriptive studies, 1-18. Elsevier, Amsterdam.
71. STEBBINS, G. L., AND A. DAY. 1967. Cytogenetic evidence for long continued stability in the genus Plantago. Evolution 21: 449-528.
72. SUGDEN, E. A. 1986. Anthecology and pollinator efficacy of Styrax officinale subsp. redivivum (Styracaceae). American Journal of Botany 73: 919-930.
73. SWOFFORD, D. L. 1993. PAUP: phylogenetic analysis using parsimony. Version 3.1. Illinois Natural History Survey, Champaign, Illinois.
74. TIFFNEY, B. H. 1985a. Perspectives on the origin of the floristic similarity between eastern Asia and eastern North America. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 66: 73-94.
75. _. 1985b. The Eocene north Atlantic land bridge: its importance in Tertiary and modern phytogeography of the northern hemisphere. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 66: 243-273.
76. TORREY, J. 1853. On the Darlingtonia californica. Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge 6: 1-8.
77. WATSON, S. 1891. Contributions to American botany. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts 26: 124-163.
78. WEEDEN, N. F., AND J. F. WENDEL. 1989. Genetics of plant isozymes. In D. E. Soltis and P. S. Soltis [eds.], Isozymes in plant biology, 46-72. Dioscorides Press, Portland, OR.
79. WENDEL, J. F., AND N. F. WEEDEN. 1989. Visualization and interpretation of plant isozymes. In D. E. Soltis and P. S. Soltis [eds.], Isozymes in plant biology, 5-45. Dioscorides Press, Portland, OR.
80. WHITKUS, R. 1988. Modified version of GENESTAT: a program for computing genetic statistics from allelic frequency data. Plant Genetics Newsletter 4: 10.
81. WILSON, M. A., B. GAUT, AND M. T. CLEGG. 1990. Chloroplast DNA evolves slowly in the palm family. Molecular Biology and Evolution 7: 303-314.
82. WOLFE, J. A. 1975. Some aspects of plant geography of the northern hemisphere during the late Cretaceous and Tertiary. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 62: 264-279.
83. WRIGHT, S. 1922. Coefficients of inbreeding and relationship. American Naturalist 56: 330-338.
84. _. 1951. The genetic structure of populations. Annals of Eugenics 15: 323-354.
85. ZOHARY, M. 1982. Plants of the Bible. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, MA.