메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 75, Issue 1, 1996, Pages 38-50

Activation of type-identified motor units during centrally evoked contractions in the cat medial gastrocnemius muscle II. Motoneuron firing-rate modulation

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL MODEL; ARTICLE; CAT; CELL MEMBRANE DEPOLARIZATION; CONTROLLED STUDY; EVOKED MUSCLE RESPONSE; GASTROCNEMIUS MUSCLE; MOTONEURON; MOTOR UNIT; MUSCLE EXCITATION; MUSCLE FORCE; MUSCLE TONE; NERVE CONDUCTION; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SYNAPTIC TRANSMISSION;

EID: 0030069156     PISSN: 00223077     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1152/jn.1996.75.1.38     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (40)

References (72)
  • 1
    • 84944496275 scopus 로고
    • The discharge of impulses in motor nerve fibers Part II. The frequency of discharge in reflex and voluntary contractions
    • ADRIAN, E. D. AND BRONK, D. W. The discharge of impulses in motor nerve fibers Part II. The frequency of discharge in reflex and voluntary contractions. J. Physiol. Lond. 67: 119-151, 1929.
    • (1929) J. Physiol. Lond. , vol.67 , pp. 119-151
    • Adrian, E.D.1    Bronk, D.W.2
  • 2
    • 0020001033 scopus 로고
    • Neural encoding of input transients investigated by intracellular injection of ramp currents in cat alpha-motoneurons
    • BALDISSERA, F., CAMPADELLI, P., AND PICCINELLI, L. Neural encoding of input transients investigated by intracellular injection of ramp currents in cat alpha-motoneurons. J. Physiol. Lond. 328: 73-86, 1982
    • (1982) J. Physiol. Lond. , vol.328 , pp. 73-86
    • Baldissera, F.1    Campadelli, P.2    Piccinelli, L.3
  • 3
    • 0015211148 scopus 로고
    • Supraspinal control of the discharge evoked by constant current in the alpha-motoneurones
    • BALDISSERA, F. AND GUSTAFSSON, B. Supraspinal control of the discharge evoked by constant current in the alpha-motoneurones. Brain Res. 25: 642-644, 1971.
    • (1971) Brain Res. , vol.25 , pp. 642-644
    • Baldissera, F.1    Gustafsson, B.2
  • 4
    • 0000009061 scopus 로고
    • Integration in spinal neuronal systems
    • Bethesda, MD: Am. Physiol. Soc., sect. 1, chapt. 11
    • BALDISSERA, F., HULTBORN, H., AND ILLERT, M Integration in spinal neuronal systems. In: Handbook of Physiology. The Nervous System. Motor Control. Bethesda, MD: Am. Physiol. Soc., 1981, sect. 1, vol II, part 1, chapt. 11, p. 509-596.
    • (1981) Handbook of Physiology. The Nervous System. Motor Control , vol.2 , Issue.1 PART , pp. 509-596
    • Baldissera, F.1    Hultborn, H.2    Illert, M.3
  • 5
    • 0020646157 scopus 로고
    • Repetitive doublets in human flexor carpi radialis muscle
    • BAWA, P. AND CALANCIE, B. Repetitive doublets in human flexor carpi radialis muscle. J. Physiol. Lond. 339: 123-132, 1983.
    • (1983) J. Physiol. Lond. , vol.339 , pp. 123-132
    • Bawa, P.1    Calancie, B.2
  • 6
    • 0022538450 scopus 로고
    • Gradation of isometric tension by different activation rates in motor units of cat flexor carpi radialis muscle
    • BOTTERMAN, B R., IWAMOTO, G. A., AND GONYEA, W. J. Gradation of isometric tension by different activation rates in motor units of cat flexor carpi radialis muscle. J. Neurophysiol. 56: 494-506, 1986.
    • (1986) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.56 , pp. 494-506
    • Botterman, B.R.1    Iwamoto, G.A.2    Gonyea, W.J.3
  • 7
    • 0021809963 scopus 로고
    • Motor unit recruitment and firing rates interaction in the control of human muscles
    • BROMAN, H., DE LUCA, C. J., AND MAMBRITO, B. Motor unit recruitment and firing rates interaction in the control of human muscles. Brain Res. 337: 311-319, 1985.
    • (1985) Brain Res. , vol.337 , pp. 311-319
    • Broman, H.1    De Luca, C.J.2    Mambrito, B.3
  • 8
    • 0026767858 scopus 로고
    • On the regulation of repetitive firing in lumbar motoneurones during fictive locomotion in the cat
    • BROWNSTONE, R. M., JORDAN, L. M., KRIELLAARS, D. J., NOGA, B. R., AND SHEFCHYK, S. J. On the regulation of repetitive firing in lumbar motoneurones during fictive locomotion in the cat. Exp. Brain Res. 90: 441-455, 1992.
    • (1992) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.90 , pp. 441-455
    • Brownstone, R.M.1    Jordan, L.M.2    Kriellaars, D.J.3    Noga, B.R.4    Shefchyk, S.J.5
  • 9
    • 0014299735 scopus 로고
    • Firing patterns of gastrocnemius motor units in the decerebrate cat
    • BURKE, R. E. Firing patterns of gastrocnemius motor units in the decerebrate cat. J. Physiol. Lond. 196: 631-654, 1968.
    • (1968) J. Physiol. Lond. , vol.196 , pp. 631-654
    • Burke, R.E.1
  • 10
    • 0000076646 scopus 로고
    • Motor Units: Anatomy, physiology, and functional organization
    • Bethesda, MD: Am. Physiol. Soc., sect. 1, chapt. 10
    • BURKE, R. E. Motor Units: anatomy, physiology, and functional organization. In: Handbook of Physiology. The Nervous System. Motor Control. Bethesda, MD: Am. Physiol. Soc., 1981, sect. 1, vol. II, part 1, chapt. 10, p. 345-422.
    • (1981) Handbook of Physiology. The Nervous System. Motor Control , vol.2 , Issue.1 PART , pp. 345-422
    • Burke, R.E.1
  • 11
    • 0002140279 scopus 로고
    • Selective recruitment of motor units
    • edited by D. R. Humphrey and H.-J. Freund. New York: Wiley
    • BURKE, R. E Selective recruitment of motor units. In: Motor Control. Concepts and Issues, edited by D. R. Humphrey and H.-J. Freund. New York: Wiley, 1991, p. 5-21.
    • (1991) Motor Control. Concepts and Issues , pp. 5-21
    • Burke, R.E.1
  • 12
    • 0014779304 scopus 로고
    • A comparison of peripheral and rubrospinal synaptic input to slow and fast twitch motor units of the triceps surae
    • BURKE, R. E., JANKOWSKA, E., AND TEN BRUGGENCATE, G. A comparison of peripheral and rubrospinal synaptic input to slow and fast twitch motor units of the triceps surae. J. Physiol. Lond. 207: 709-732, 1970.
    • (1970) J. Physiol. Lond. , vol.207 , pp. 709-732
    • Burke, R.E.1    Jankowska, E.2    Ten Bruggencate, G.3
  • 13
    • 0021849848 scopus 로고
    • Firing patterns of human flexor carpi radialis motor unit during the stretch reflex
    • CALANCIE, B. AND BAWA, P. Firing patterns of human flexor carpi radialis motor unit during the stretch reflex. J. Neurophysiol. 53: 1179-1193, 1985.
    • (1985) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.53 , pp. 1179-1193
    • Calancie, B.1    Bawa, P.2
  • 14
    • 0014591232 scopus 로고
    • Statistical analysis of motor unit firing patterns in a human skeletal muscle
    • CLAMANN, H. P. Statistical analysis of motor unit firing patterns in a human skeletal muscle. Biophys. J. 9: 1233-1251, 1969.
    • (1969) Biophys. J. , vol.9 , pp. 1233-1251
    • Clamann, H.P.1
  • 15
    • 0014747197 scopus 로고
    • Activity of single motor units during isometric tension
    • CLAMANN, H. P. Activity of single motor units during isometric tension. Neurology 20: 254-260, 1970.
    • (1970) Neurology , vol.20 , pp. 254-260
    • Clamann, H.P.1
  • 16
    • 0027443749 scopus 로고
    • Cutaneous afferent stimulation and motoneuron recruitment in the medial gastrocnemius of the decerebrate cat
    • CLARK, B. D., DACKO, S. M., AND COPE, T C. Cutaneous afferent stimulation and motoneuron recruitment in the medial gastrocnemius of the decerebrate cat. J. Neurophysiol. 70: 1433-1439, 1993.
    • (1993) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.70 , pp. 1433-1439
    • Clark, B.D.1    Dacko, S.M.2    Cope, T.C.3
  • 17
    • 0025954331 scopus 로고
    • Motor unit recruitment in the decerebrate cat: Several unit properties are equally good predictors of order
    • COPE, T. C. AND CLARK, B. D. Motor unit recruitment in the decerebrate cat: several unit properties are equally good predictors of order. J. Neurophysiol. 66: 1127-1138, 1991.
    • (1991) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.66 , pp. 1127-1138
    • Cope, T.C.1    Clark, B.D.2
  • 18
    • 0028291798 scopus 로고
    • Common drive of motor units in regulation of muscle force
    • DE LUCA, C. J. AND ERIM, Z. Common drive of motor units in regulation of muscle force. Trends Neurosci. 17: 299-304, 1994.
    • (1994) Trends Neurosci. , vol.17 , pp. 299-304
    • De Luca, C.J.1    Erim, Z.2
  • 19
    • 0020000410 scopus 로고
    • Behavior of human motor units in different muscles during linearly varying contractions
    • DE LUCA, C. J., LEFEVER, R. S., MCCUE, M. P., AND XENAKIS, A. P. Behavior of human motor units in different muscles during linearly varying contractions. J. Physiol. Lond. 329: 113-128, 1982a.
    • (1982) J. Physiol. Lond. , vol.329 , pp. 113-128
    • De Luca, C.J.1    Lefever, R.S.2    Mccue, M.P.3    Xenakis, A.P.4
  • 20
    • 0020000411 scopus 로고
    • Control scheme governing concurrently active human motor units during voluntary contractions
    • DE LUCA, C. J., LEFEVER, R. S., MCCUE, M. P., AND XENAKIS, A. P. Control scheme governing concurrently active human motor units during voluntary contractions. J. Physiol Lond. 329: 129-142, 1982b
    • (1982) J. Physiol Lond. , vol.329 , pp. 129-142
    • De Luca, C.J.1    Lefever, R.S.2    Mccue, M.P.3    Xenakis, A.P.4
  • 21
    • 0021895374 scopus 로고
    • Behaviour of motor units of human arm muscles: Differences between slow isometric contraction and relaxation
    • DENIER VAN DER GON, J. J., TER HAAR ROMENY, B. M., AND VAN ZUYLEN, E. J. Behaviour of motor units of human arm muscles: differences between slow isometric contraction and relaxation. J. Physiol. Lond. 359: 107-118, 1985.
    • (1985) J. Physiol. Lond. , vol.359 , pp. 107-118
    • Denier Van Der Gon, J.J.1    Ter Haar Romeny, B.M.2    Van Zuylen, E.J.3
  • 23
    • 0024319212 scopus 로고
    • Bistable firing properties of soleus motor units in unrestrained rats
    • EKEN, T. AND KIEHN, O. Bistable firing properties of soleus motor units in unrestrained rats. Acta Physiol. Scand. 136: 383-394, 1989.
    • (1989) Acta Physiol. Scand. , vol.136 , pp. 383-394
    • Eken, T.1    Kiehn, O.2
  • 24
    • 0016606219 scopus 로고
    • Contra- and ipsilateral cortical and rubral effects on fast and slow spinal motoneurones of the cat
    • ENDO, K., ARAKI, T., AND KAWAI, Y. Contra- and ipsilateral cortical and rubral effects on fast and slow spinal motoneurones of the cat. Brain Res. 88: 91-98, 1975.
    • (1975) Brain Res. , vol.88 , pp. 91-98
    • Endo, K.1    Araki, T.2    Kawai, Y.3
  • 25
    • 0016742096 scopus 로고
    • Activity of single motor units from human forearm muscle during voluntary isometric contractions
    • FREUND, H.-J., BUDINGEN, H. J., AND DIETZ, V. Activity of single motor units from human forearm muscle during voluntary isometric contractions. J. Neurophysiol. 38: 933-946, 1975.
    • (1975) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.38 , pp. 933-946
    • Freund, H.-J.1    Budingen, H.J.2    Dietz, V.3
  • 26
    • 78651114681 scopus 로고
    • Quantitative aspects of repetitive firing of mammalian motoneurons, caused by injected currents
    • GRANIT, R., KERNELL, D., AND SHORTESS, G. K. Quantitative aspects of repetitive firing of mammalian motoneurons, caused by injected currents. J. Physiol. Lond. 168: 911-931, 1963.
    • (1963) J. Physiol. Lond. , vol.168 , pp. 911-931
    • Granit, R.1    Kernell, D.2    Shortess, G.K.3
  • 27
    • 0015051843 scopus 로고
    • Recruitment in the tonic stretch reflex Acta
    • GRILLNER, S. AND UDO, M. Recruitment in the tonic stretch reflex Acta Physiol. Scand. 81: 571-573, 1971.
    • (1971) Physiol. Scand. , vol.81 , pp. 571-573
    • Grillner, S.1    Udo, M.2
  • 28
    • 0011869488 scopus 로고
    • Conductance changes produced by recurrent inhibition in cat spinal motoneurons
    • HAMM, T. M. AND MCCURDY, M. L. Conductance changes produced by recurrent inhibition in cat spinal motoneurons. Soc Neurosci. Abstr. 18: 1549, 1992.
    • (1992) Soc Neurosci. Abstr. , vol.18 , pp. 1549
    • Hamm, T.M.1    Mccurdy, M.L.2
  • 29
    • 0028240772 scopus 로고
    • Computer simulations of the effects of different synaptic input systems on the steady-state input-output structure of the motoneuron pool
    • HECKMAN, C. J. Computer simulations of the effects of different synaptic input systems on the steady-state input-output structure of the motoneuron pool. J. Neurophysiol. 71: 1727-1739, 1994.
    • (1994) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.71 , pp. 1727-1739
    • Heckman, C.J.1
  • 30
    • 0024267456 scopus 로고
    • Analysis of effective synaptic currents generated by homonymous Ia afferent fibers in motoneurons of the cat
    • HECKMAN, C. J. AND BINDER, M. D. Analysis of effective synaptic currents generated by homonymous Ia afferent fibers in motoneurons of the cat. J. Neurophysiol. 60: 1946-1966, 1988.
    • (1988) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.60 , pp. 1946-1966
    • Heckman, C.J.1    Binder, M.D.2
  • 31
    • 0002828695 scopus 로고
    • Neural mechanisms underlying the orderly recruitment of motoneurons
    • edited by M. D. Binder and L. M Mendell New York: Oxford Univ. Press
    • HECKMAN, C. J. AND BINDER, M. D. Neural mechanisms underlying the orderly recruitment of motoneurons. In: The Segmental Motor System, edited by M. D. Binder and L. M Mendell New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1990, p. 182-204.
    • (1990) The Segmental Motor System , pp. 182-204
    • Heckman, C.J.1    Binder, M.D.2
  • 32
    • 0025852538 scopus 로고
    • Computer simulation of the steady-state input-output function of the cat medial gastrocnemius motoneuron pool
    • HECKMAN, C. J. AND BINDER, M. D. Computer simulation of the steady-state input-output function of the cat medial gastrocnemius motoneuron pool. J. Neurophysiol. 65, 952-967, 1991.
    • (1991) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.65 , pp. 952-967
    • Heckman, C.J.1    Binder, M.D.2
  • 33
    • 0027512960 scopus 로고
    • Computer simulations of motoneuron firing rate modulation
    • HECKMAN, C. J AND BINDER, M. D. Computer simulations of motoneuron firing rate modulation. J. Neurophysiol. 69: 1005-1008, 1993a.
    • (1993) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.69 , pp. 1005-1008
    • Heckman, C.J.1    Binder, M.D.2
  • 34
    • 0027373843 scopus 로고
    • Computer simulations of the effects of different synaptic input systems on motor unit recruitment
    • HECKMAN, C. J. AND BINDER, M. D. Computer simulations of the effects of different synaptic input systems on motor unit recruitment. J. Neurophysiol. 70: 1827-1840, 1993b.
    • (1993) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.70 , pp. 1827-1840
    • Heckman, C.J.1    Binder, M.D.2
  • 35
    • 0026785818 scopus 로고
    • Differences between steady-state and transient post-synaptic potentials elicited by stimulation of the sural nerve
    • HECKMAN, C. J., MILLER, J. F., MUNSON, M., AND RYMER, W. Z. Differences between steady-state and transient post-synaptic potentials elicited by stimulation of the sural nerve. Exp. Brain Res. 91: 167-170, 1992.
    • (1992) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.91 , pp. 167-170
    • Heckman, C.J.1    Miller, J.F.2    Munson, M.3    Rymer, W.Z.4
  • 36
    • 2942702696 scopus 로고
    • Functional significance of cell size in spinal motoneurons
    • HENNEMAM, E., SOMJEN, G., AND CARPENTER, D. O. Functional significance of cell size in spinal motoneurons. J. Neurophysiol. 28: 560-580, 1965.
    • (1965) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.28 , pp. 560-580
    • Hennemam, E.1    Somjen, G.2    Carpenter, D.O.3
  • 37
    • 33846897302 scopus 로고
    • Excitability and inhibitability of motoneurons of different sizes
    • HENNEMAN, E., SOMJEN, G., AND CARPENTER, D. O. Excitability and inhibitability of motoneurons of different sizes. J. Neurophysiol. 28: 599-620, 1965.
    • (1965) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.28 , pp. 599-620
    • Henneman, E.1    Somjen, G.2    Carpenter, D.O.3
  • 38
    • 0021952893 scopus 로고
    • Firing patterns of motor units in normal rats
    • HENNIG, R. AND LØMO, T. Firing patterns of motor units in normal rats. Nature Lond. 314: 164-166, 1985.
    • (1985) Nature Lond. , vol.314 , pp. 164-166
    • Hennig, R.1    Lømo, T.2
  • 40
    • 0017684348 scopus 로고
    • Differential control of fast and slow twitch motor units in the decerebrate cat
    • KANDA, K., BURKE, R. E., AND WALMSLEY, B. Differential control of fast and slow twitch motor units in the decerebrate cat. Exp. Brain Res. 29: 57-74, 1977.
    • (1977) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.29 , pp. 57-74
    • Kanda, K.1    Burke, R.E.2    Walmsley, B.3
  • 41
    • 0022411193 scopus 로고
    • Behavior of single motor units of human tibialis anterior muscle during voluntary shortening contraction under constant load torque
    • KATO, M., MURAKAMI, S., AND YASUDA, K. Behavior of single motor units of human tibialis anterior muscle during voluntary shortening contraction under constant load torque. Exp. Neurol. 90: 238-253, 1985.
    • (1985) Exp. Neurol. , vol.90 , pp. 238-253
    • Kato, M.1    Murakami, S.2    Yasuda, K.3
  • 42
    • 0002649098 scopus 로고
    • The adaptation and the relation between discharge frequency and current strength of cat lumbosacral motoneurones stimulated by long-lasting injected currents
    • KERNELL, D. The adaptation and the relation between discharge frequency and current strength of cat lumbosacral motoneurones stimulated by long-lasting injected currents. Acta Physiol. Scand. 65: 65-73, 1965a.
    • (1965) Acta Physiol. Scand. , vol.65 , pp. 65-73
    • Kernell, D.1
  • 43
    • 84979126209 scopus 로고
    • High-frequency repetitive firing of cat lumbosacral motoneurons stimulated by long-lasting injected currents
    • KERNELL, D. High-frequency repetitive firing of cat lumbosacral motoneurons stimulated by long-lasting injected currents. Acta Physiol. Scand. 65: 74-86, 1965b.
    • (1965) Acta Physiol. Scand. , vol.65 , pp. 74-86
    • Kernell, D.1
  • 44
    • 84979101010 scopus 로고
    • The limits of firing frequency in cat lumbosacral motoneurons possessing different time course of afterhyperpolarization
    • KERNELL, D. The limits of firing frequency in cat lumbosacral motoneurons possessing different time course of afterhyperpolarization. Acta Physiol. Scand. 65: 87-100, 1965c.
    • (1965) Acta Physiol. Scand. , vol.65 , pp. 87-100
    • Kernell, D.1
  • 45
    • 0014020318 scopus 로고
    • Input resistance, electrical excitability, and size of ventral horn cells in cat spinal cord
    • KERNELL, D. Input resistance, electrical excitability, and size of ventral horn cells in cat spinal cord. Science Wash. DC 152: 1637-1640, 1966.
    • (1966) Science Wash. DC , vol.152 , pp. 1637-1640
    • Kernell, D.1
  • 46
    • 0020997269 scopus 로고
    • Functional properties of spinal motoneurons and gradation of muscle force
    • edited by J. E. Desmedt, New York: Raven
    • KERNELL, D. Functional properties of spinal motoneurons and gradation of muscle force. In: Motor Control Mechanisms in Health and Disease, edited by J. E. Desmedt, New York: Raven, 1983, p. 213-226.
    • (1983) Motor Control Mechanisms in Health and Disease , pp. 213-226
    • Kernell, D.1
  • 47
    • 0002258753 scopus 로고
    • Spinal motoneurons and their muscle fibers: Mechanisms and long-term consequences of common activation patterns
    • edited by M. D. Binder and L. M Mendell. New York: Oxford Univ. Press
    • KERNELL, D. Spinal motoneurons and their muscle fibers: mechanisms and long-term consequences of common activation patterns. In: The Segmental Motor System, edited by M. D. Binder and L. M Mendell. New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1990, p. 36-57.
    • (1990) The Segmental Motor System , pp. 36-57
    • Kernell, D.1
  • 48
    • 0021024271 scopus 로고
    • Relation between isometric force and stimulus rate in cat's hindlimb motor units of different twitch contraction time
    • KERNELL, D., EERBEEK, O., AND VERHEY, B. A. Relation between isometric force and stimulus rate in cat's hindlimb motor units of different twitch contraction time. Exp. Brain Res. 50: 220-227, 1983.
    • (1983) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.50 , pp. 220-227
    • Kernell, D.1    Eerbeek, O.2    Verhey, B.A.3
  • 49
    • 0025129314 scopus 로고
    • Synaptic effects on recruitment gain: A mechanism of importance for the input-output relations of motoneurone pools?
    • KERNELL, D. AND HULTBORN, H. Synaptic effects on recruitment gain: a mechanism of importance for the input-output relations of motoneurone pools? Brain Res. 507: 176-179, 1990.
    • (1990) Brain Res. , vol.507 , pp. 176-179
    • Kernell, D.1    Hultborn, H.2
  • 50
    • 0016820434 scopus 로고
    • Recruitment and firing rate modulation of motor unit tension in a small muscle of the cat's foot
    • KERNELL, D. AND SJÖHOLM, H. Recruitment and firing rate modulation of motor unit tension in a small muscle of the cat's foot. Brain Res. 98: 56-72, 1975.
    • (1975) Brain Res. , vol.98 , pp. 56-72
    • Kernell, D.1    Sjöholm, H.2
  • 51
    • 0017095930 scopus 로고
    • Dependence of the discharge frequency of motor units in different human muscles upon the level of isometric muscle tension
    • KOSAROV, D. AND GYDIKOV, A. Dependence of the discharge frequency of motor units in different human muscles upon the level of isometric muscle tension. Electromyogr. Clin. Neurophysiol. 16: 293-306, 1976.
    • (1976) Electromyogr. Clin. Neurophysiol. , vol.16 , pp. 293-306
    • Kosarov, D.1    Gydikov, A.2
  • 52
    • 0026649508 scopus 로고
    • Repetitive doublets of human motoneurones: Analysis of interspike intervals and recruitment pattern
    • KUDINA, L. P. AND ALEXEEVA, N. L. Repetitive doublets of human motoneurones: analysis of interspike intervals and recruitment pattern. Electroencephalogr. Clin. Neurophysiol. 85: 243-247, 1992.
    • (1992) Electroencephalogr. Clin. Neurophysiol. , vol.85 , pp. 243-247
    • Kudina, L.P.1    Alexeeva, N.L.2
  • 53
    • 0019390439 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of the recruitment and discharge properties of motor units in human brachial biceps and adductor pollicis during isometric contractions
    • KUKULKA, C. G. AND CLAMANN, H. P. Comparison of the recruitment and discharge properties of motor units in human brachial biceps and adductor pollicis during isometric contractions. Brain Res. 219: 45-55, 1981.
    • (1981) Brain Res. , vol.219 , pp. 45-55
    • Kukulka, C.G.1    Clamann, H.P.2
  • 54
    • 0026065520 scopus 로고
    • Distribution of effective synaptic currents underlying recurrent inhibition in cat triceps surae motoneurons
    • LINDSAY, A. D. AND BINDER, M. D. Distribution of effective synaptic currents underlying recurrent inhibition in cat triceps surae motoneurons. J. Neurophysiol. 65: 168-177, 1991.
    • (1991) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.65 , pp. 168-177
    • Lindsay, A.D.1    Binder, M.D.2
  • 55
    • 0015608173 scopus 로고
    • Changes in firing rate of human motor units during linearly changing voluntary contractions
    • MILNER-BROWN, H. S., STEIN, R. B , AND YEMM, R. Changes in firing rate of human motor units during linearly changing voluntary contractions J. Physiol. Lond. 230: 371-390, 1973.
    • (1973) J. Physiol. Lond. , vol.230 , pp. 371-390
    • Milner-Brown, H.S.1    Stein, R.B.2    Yemm, R.3
  • 56
    • 0018418099 scopus 로고
    • Firing rate behavior of human motor units during isometric voluntary contraction: Relation to unit size
    • MONSTER, A. W. Firing rate behavior of human motor units during isometric voluntary contraction: relation to unit size. Brain Res. 171: 349-354, 1979.
    • (1979) Brain Res. , vol.171 , pp. 349-354
    • Monster, A.W.1
  • 57
    • 0017706523 scopus 로고
    • Isometric force production by motor units of extensor digitorum communis muscle in man
    • MONSTER, A. W. AND CHAN, H. Isometric force production by motor units of extensor digitorum communis muscle in man. J. Neurophysiol. 40: 1432-1443, 1977.
    • (1977) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.40 , pp. 1432-1443
    • Monster, A.W.1    Chan, H.2
  • 58
    • 0025760465 scopus 로고
    • Instability of motor unit firing rates during prolonged isometric contractions in human masseter
    • NORDSTROM, M. A. AND MILES, T. S. Instability of motor unit firing rates during prolonged isometric contractions in human masseter. Brain Res. 549: 268-274, 1991.
    • (1991) Brain Res. , vol.549 , pp. 268-274
    • Nordstrom, M.A.1    Miles, T.S.2
  • 59
    • 0015333468 scopus 로고
    • Discharge frequency and discharge pattern of human motor units during voluntary contraction of muscle
    • PERSON, R. S. AND KUDINA, L. P. Discharge frequency and discharge pattern of human motor units during voluntary contraction of muscle. Electroencephalogr. Clin. Neurophysiol. 32: 471-483, 1972.
    • (1972) Electroencephalogr. Clin. Neurophysiol. , vol.32 , pp. 471-483
    • Person, R.S.1    Kudina, L.P.2
  • 60
    • 0026640225 scopus 로고
    • Effective synaptic current can be estimated from measurements of neuronal discharge
    • POWERS, R. K., ROBINSON, F. R., KONODI, M. A., AND BINDER, M. D. Effective synaptic current can be estimated from measurements of neuronal discharge. J. Neurophysiol. 68: 964-968, 1992.
    • (1992) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.68 , pp. 964-968
    • Powers, R.K.1    Robinson, F.R.2    Konodi, M.A.3    Binder, M.D.4
  • 61
    • 0027491201 scopus 로고
    • Distribution of rubrospinal input to cat triceps surae motoneurons
    • POWERS, R. K., ROBINSON, F. R., KONODI, M. A., AND BINDER, M. D. Distribution of rubrospinal input to cat triceps surae motoneurons. J. Neurophysiol. 70: 1460-1468, 1993.
    • (1993) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.70 , pp. 1460-1468
    • Powers, R.K.1    Robinson, F.R.2    Konodi, M.A.3    Binder, M.D.4
  • 62
    • 0343612391 scopus 로고
    • Transformation of synaptic input into spike trains in central mammalian neurons
    • edited by H. D. Patton, A. F. Fuchs, B. Hille, A. M. Scher, and R. A. Steiner. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders
    • SCHWINDT, P. C. AND CRILL, W. E. Transformation of synaptic input into spike trains in central mammalian neurons. In: Textbook of Physiology (21st ed.), edited by H. D. Patton, A. F. Fuchs, B. Hille, A. M. Scher, and R. A. Steiner. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders, 1989, vol. 1, p. 264-284.
    • (1989) Textbook of Physiology (21st Ed.) , vol.1 , pp. 264-284
    • Schwindt, P.C.1    Crill, W.E.2
  • 63
    • 0021873114 scopus 로고
    • Excitatory and inhibitory postsynaptic potentials in α-motoneurons produced during fictive locomotion by stimulation of the mesencephalic locomotor region
    • SHEFCHYK, S. J. AND JORDAN, L. M. Excitatory and inhibitory postsynaptic potentials in α-motoneurons produced during fictive locomotion by stimulation of the mesencephalic locomotor region. J. Neurophysiol 53: 1345-1355, 1985.
    • (1985) J. Neurophysiol , vol.53 , pp. 1345-1355
    • Shefchyk, S.J.1    Jordan, L.M.2
  • 65
    • 0015816696 scopus 로고
    • Firing rate of individual motor units in voluntary contraction of abductor digiti minimi muscle in man
    • TANJI, J. AND KATO, M. Firing rate of individual motor units in voluntary contraction of abductor digiti minimi muscle in man. Exp. Neurol. 40; 771-783, 1973.
    • (1973) Exp. Neurol. , vol.40 , pp. 771-783
    • Tanji, J.1    Kato, M.2
  • 66
    • 0344232941 scopus 로고
    • Activity of low- and high-threshold motor units of abductor digiti quinti in slow and fast voluntary contractions
    • edited by J. E. Desmedt. Basel: Karger
    • TANJI, J. AND KATO, M. Activity of low- and high-threshold motor units of abductor digiti quinti in slow and fast voluntary contractions. In: Progress in Clinical Neurophysiology. Motor Unit Types, Recruitment, and Plasticity in Health and Disease, edited by J. E. Desmedt. Basel: Karger, 1981, vol. 9, p. 137-144.
    • (1981) Progress in Clinical Neurophysiology. Motor Unit Types, Recruitment, and Plasticity in Health and Disease , vol.9 , pp. 137-144
    • Tanji, J.1    Kato, M.2
  • 67
    • 3042918040 scopus 로고
    • Firing rate and force modulation of concurrently active motor units: Implications for the synaptic organization of motoneuron pools
    • TANSEY, K. E. AND BOTTERMAN, B. R. Firing rate and force modulation of concurrently active motor units: implications for the synaptic organization of motoneuron pools. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 17: 646, 1991.
    • (1991) Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. , vol.17 , pp. 646
    • Tansey, K.E.1    Botterman, B.R.2
  • 68
    • 0030052486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activation of type-identified motor units during centrally evoked contractions in the cat medial gastrocnemius muscle. I. Motor-unit recruitment
    • TANSEY, K. E. AND BOTTERMAN, B. R. Activation of type-identified motor units during centrally evoked contractions in the cat medial gastrocnemius muscle. I. Motor-unit recruitment. J. Neurophysiol. 75: 26-37, 1996.
    • (1996) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.75 , pp. 26-37
    • Tansey, K.E.1    Botterman, B.R.2
  • 69
    • 0030044390 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activation of type-identified motor units during centrally evoked contractions in the cat medial gastrocnemius muscle. III. Muscle-unit force modulation
    • TANSEY, K. E., YEE, A. K., AND BOTTERMAN, B. R. Activation of type-identified motor units during centrally evoked contractions in the cat medial gastrocnemius muscle. III. Muscle-unit force modulation. J. Neurophysiol. 75: 51-59, 1996.
    • (1996) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.75 , pp. 51-59
    • Tansey, K.E.1    Yee, A.K.2    Botterman, B.R.3
  • 70
    • 0024390006 scopus 로고
    • Differences in the activation of m. biceps brachii in the control of slow isotonic movements and isometric contractions
    • TAX, A. A. M., DENIER VAN DER GON, J. J., GIELEN, C. C. A. M , AND VAN DEN TEMPEL, C. M. M. Differences in the activation of m. biceps brachii in the control of slow isotonic movements and isometric contractions. Exp. Brain Res. 76: 55-63, 1989.
    • (1989) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.76 , pp. 55-63
    • Tax, A.A.M.1    Denier Van Der Gon, J.J.2    Gielen, C.C.A.M.3    Van Den Tempel, C.M.M.4
  • 71
    • 0018850562 scopus 로고
    • Discharge properties of hind-limb motoneurons in decerebrate cats during locomotion induced by mesencephalic stimulation
    • ZAJAC, F. E. AND YOUNG, J. L. Discharge properties of hind-limb motoneurons in decerebrate cats during locomotion induced by mesencephalic stimulation. J. Neurophysiol. 43: 1221-1235, 1980.
    • (1980) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.43 , pp. 1221-1235
    • Zajac, F.E.1    Young, J.L.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.