Combination therapy of cyclosporine a with methotrexate or hydroxychloroquine in refractory rheumatoid arthritis

Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology

Volumn 25, Issue 1, 1996, Pages 16-23

  Salaffi, F ^a   Carotti, M ^a   Cervini, C ^a  

^a UNIVERSITÀ POLITECNICA DELLE MARCHE   (Italy)

Author keywords

Combination therapy; Cyclosporine A; Hydroxychloroquine; Methotrexate; Rheuamtoid arthritis

Indexed keywords

CYCLOSPORIN A; HYDROXYCHLOROQUINE; IBUPROFEN; INDOMETACIN; METHOTREXATE; PARACETAMOL;

ADULT; ARTICLE; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG TOXICITY; FEMALE; GASTROINTESTINAL DISEASE; HEADACHE; HUMAN; INFECTION; INTRAMUSCULAR DRUG ADMINISTRATION; LIVER TOXICITY; MALE; ORAL DRUG ADMINISTRATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RASH; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS;

EID: 0030065046     PISSN: 03009742     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3109/03009749609082662     Document Type: Article

References (55)

1. Wolfe F, Hawley DJ, Cathey MA. Termination of slow acting antirheumatic therapy in rheumatoid arthritis: a 14-year prospective evaluation of 1017 consecutive starts. J Rheumatol 1990; 17: 994-1002.
2. Weinblatt ME, Weissman BN, Holdsworth DE, et al. Long-term prospective study of methotrexate in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. 84-months update. Arthritis Rheum 1992; 35: 129-37.
3. Kremer J.M, Phelps CT. Long-term prospective study of the use of methotrexate in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: update after a mean of 90 months. Arthritis Rheum 1992; 35: 138-45.
4. Salaffi F, Carotti M, Sartini A, Cervini C. A prospective study of the long-term efficacy and toxicity of low-dose methotrexate in rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Exp Rheumatol 1995; 13: 23-8.
5. Situnayake RD, Grindulis KA, McConkey B. Long-term treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with sulphasalazine, gold or penicillamine: a comparison using life-table methods. Ann Rheum Dis 1987; 46: 177-83.
6. Ferraccioli GF, Salaffi F, Nervetti A, Manganelli P. Long-term outcome with gold thiosulphate and tiopronin in 200 rheumatoid patients. Clin Exp Rheumatol 1989; 7: 1-5.
7. Pincus T, Marcum SB, Callahan LF. Long-term drug therapy for rheumatoid arthritis in seven rheumatology private practices. Second-line drugs and prednisone. J Rheumatol 1992; 19: 1885-94.
8. Schumaker HR Jr (ed.) Primer on the Rheumatic Diseases, 9th Ed.Atlanta, GA, Arthritis Foundation, 1988; 93-9.
9. Wilske KR, Healey LA. Remodelling the pyramid - a concept whose time has come. J Rheumatol 1989; 16: 565-7.
10. Fries JF. Reevaluating the therapeutic approach to rheumatoid arthritis: the "Sawtooth" strategy. J Rheumatol 1990; 17 (Suppl 17): 22-5.
11. Wilke WS, Clough JD. Therapy for rheumatoid arthritis: combinations of disease-modifying drugs and new paradigms of treatment. Semin Arthritis Rheum 1991; 21 (Suppl 1): 21-34.
12. Bensen WG, Bensen W, Adachi JD, Tugwell PX. Remodelling the pyramid: the therapeutic target of rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol 1990; 17: 987-9.
13. Wilske KR, Healey LA. Challenge the therapeutic pyramid: a new look at treatment strategies for rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol 1990; 17 (Suppl 25): 4-7.
14. McCarty DJ. Suppress rheumatoid inflammation early and leave the pyramid to the Egyptians. J Rheumatol 1990; 17: 1115-8.
15. Boers M, Ramsden M. Long-acting drug combinations in RA: a formal overview. J Rheumatol 1991; 18: 316-24.
16. Felson DT, Anderson JJ, Meenan RF: The efficacy and toxicity of combination therapy in rheumatoid arthritis. A metaanalysis. Arhritis Rheum 1994; 37: 1487-91.
17. McCarty DJ, Carrera GF. Intractable rheumatoid arthritis: treatment with combined cyclophosphamide, azathioprine and hydroxychloroquine. JAMA 1982; 248: 1718-23.
18. Csuka ME, Carrera GF, McCarty DF. Treatment of intractable rheumatoid arthritis with combined cyclophosphamide, azathioprine and hydroxychloroquine: a follow up study. JAMA 1986; 255: 2315-9.
19. Paulus HE. Antimalarial agents compared with or in combination with other disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs. Am J Med 1988; 85 (Suppl 4A): 45-52.
20. Paulus HE. Current controversies in rheumatology: the use of drug disease modifying antirheumatic agents in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 1990; 33: 113-20.
21. Kronke M, Leonard WJ, Depper JM et al. Cyclosporin A inhibits T-cell growth factor gene expression at the level of mRNA transcription. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1983; 81: 5214-8.
22. Russel RGG, Graveley R, Coxon F, et al. Cyclosporin A. Mode of action and effects on bone and joint tissues. Scand J Rheumatol 1992; 21 (Suppl 95): 9-18.
23. Kaibara N, Hotokebuchi T, Takasashi K, Katsuki I. Paradoxical effects of cyclosporine A on collagen arthritis in rats. J Exp Med 1983; 158: 2007-15.
24. Henderson B. The anti-arthritic and immunosuppressive effects of cyclosporine on arthritis induced in the rat by type II collagen. Clin Exp Immunol 1984; 57: 51-6.
25. Yocum DE, Allen JB, Wahl SM, Calandra GB, Wilder RL. Inhibition by cyclosporine A of streptococcal cell wall-induced arthritis in rats. Arthritis Rheum 1986; 29: 262-73.
26. Dougados M, Awada H, Amor B. Cyclosporin in rheumatoid arthritis: a double blind, placebo controlled study in 52 patients. Ann Rheum Dis 1988; 47: 127-33.
27. Tugwell P, Bombardier C, Gent M, et al. Low-dose cyclosporin versus placebo in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Lancet 1990; 335: 1051-5.
28. van Rijthoven AWAM, Dijkmans BAC, Goei The HS, et al. Comparison of cyclosporine and D-penicillamine for rheumatoid arthritis: a randomized, double-blind, multicentre study. J Rheumatol 1991; 18: 815-20.
29. Madhok R, Torley HI, Capell HA. A study of the long-term efficacy and toxicity of cyclosporine A in rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol 1991; 18: 1485-9.
30. Landewe RBM, Goei The HS, van Rijthoven AWAM, Rietveld JR, Breedveld FC, Dijkmans BAC. Cyclosporine in common clinical practice: an estimation of the benefit/ risk ratio in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol 1994; 21: 1631-6.
31. Landewe RBM, Goei The HS, van Rijthoven AWAM, Breedveld FC, Dijkmans BAC. A randomized, double-blind, 24-week controlled study of low dose cyclosporine versus chloroquine for early rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 1994; 37: 637-43.
32. Krüger K, Schattenkirchner M. Comparison of cyclosporine A and azathioprine in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Results of a double-blind multicentre study. Clin Rheumatol 1994; 13: 248-55.
33. Førre Ø, Bjerkhoel F, Salvesen CF, et al. An open, controlled, randomized comparison of cyclosporine and azathioprine in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: a preliminary report. Arthritis Rheum 1987; 30: 88-92.
34. Bensen W, Tugwell P, Roberts RM, et al. Combination therapy of cyclosporine with methotrexate and gold in rheumatoid arthritis (2 pilot studies). J Rheumatol 1994; 21: 2034-8.
35. Tugwell P, Pincus T, Yocum D, et al. Combination therapy with cyclosporine and methotrexate in severe rheumatoid arthritis. N Eng J Med 1995; 333: 137-41.
36. Yocum DE, Cornett M, Olson S, Nordensson K. Effects of methotrexate and methotrexate + cyclosporine on mononuclear cell proliferation and lymphocyte surface markers in rheumatoid arthritis patients: results of a double-blind trial. Arthritis Rheum 1994; 37 (Suppl 9): S254.
37. Stein CM, Pinus T, Brooks RH, et al. Combination therapy with cyclosporine and methotrexate: results of a 24-week extension study subsequent to a 24-week double-blind study. Arthritis Rheum 1994; 37 (Suppl 9): S252
38. Brahn E, Peacock D, Banquerigo M. Suppression of collagen-induced arthritis by combination cyclosporin A and methotrexate therapy. Arthritis Rheum 1991; 34: 1282-8.
39. Cervini C, Grassi W. Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: our experience. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 1989; 7 (Suppl 3): 187-93.
40. Felson DT, Anderson JJ, Meenan RF. The comparative efficacy and toxicity of second-line drugs in rheumatoid arthritis: results of two metaanalyses. Arthritis Rheum 1990; 33: 1449-59.
41. Dijkmans BAC, de Vries E, Vreede TM, Cas A. Effects of anti-rheumatic drugs on in vitro mitogenic stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Transplant Proceed 1988; 2 (Suppl 2): 253-8.
42. Dijkmans BAC, De Vries E, De Vreede TM. Synergistic and additive effects of disease modifying antirheumatic drugs combined with chloroquine on the mitogen-driven stimulation of mononuclear cells. Clin Exp Rheumatol 1990; 8: 455-9.
43. Landewé RBM, Miltenburg AMM, Breedveld FC, Daha MR, Dijkmann BAC. Cyclosporine and chloroquine synergistically inhibit the interferon-gamma production by CD4 positive and CD8 positive synovial T cell clones derived from a patient with rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol 1992; 19: 1353-7.
44. Arnett FC, Edworthy SM, Bloch DA, et al. The American Rheumatism Association 1987 revised criteria for the classification of rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 1988; 31: 315-24.
45. Steinbrocker O, Traeger CH, Batterman RC. Therapeutic criteria in rheumatoid arthritis. JAMA 1949; 140: 659-62.
46. Cockcroft DW, Gault MH. Prediction of creatinine clearance from serum creatinine. Nephron 1976; 16: 31-41.
47. Ritchie DM, Boyle JA, McInnes JM, Grieveson P, Buchanan W. Clinical studies with an articular index for the assessment of joint tenderness in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Q J Med 1968; 37: 393-406.
48. Fries JF, Spits P, Kraines RG, Holman HR: Measurement of patient outcome in arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 1980; 23: 137-45.
49. Carotti M, Salaffi F, Ferraccioli GF, Binci MC, Sartini A, Cervini C. Soluble interleukin-2 receptor in sera and synovial fluids of rheumatoid patients: correlations with disease activity. Rheumatol Int 1994; 14: 47-52.
50. Ferraccioli GF, Salaffi F, Troise-Rioda W, Bartoli E. The Chronic Arthritis Systemic Index. Clin Exp Rheumatol 1994; 12: 241-7.
51. Ferraccioli GF, Bartoli E, Salaffi F, Peroni M. Chronic arthritis systemic index (CASI): a nomogram to assess activity and severity of chronic arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 1993; 36: 1180-1.
52. Fuchs HA, Kaye JJ, Callahan LF, Nance EP, Pincus T. Evidence of significant radiographic damage in rheumatoid arthritis within the first 2 years of disease. J Rheumatol 1989; 16: 585-91.
53. Salaffi F, Ferraccioli GF, Peroni M, Carotti M, Bartoli E, Cervini C. Progression of erosion and joint space narrowing scores in rheumatoid arthritis assessed by nonlinear models. J Rheumatol 1994; 21:1626-30.
54. Boers M, Dukmans BAC, van Rijthoven AWAM, Goei The HS, Cats A. Reversible nephrotoxicity of cyclosporine in rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol 1900: 17: 38-42.
55. Førre Ø and Norwegian Arthritis Study Group. Radiologie evidence of disease modification in rheumatoid arthritis patients treated with cyclosporine. Results of a 48-week multicenter study comparing low-dose cyclosporine with placebo. Arthritis Rheum 1994; 10: 1506-12.