Cortical excitability and response variability of transcranial magnetic stimulation

Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology

Volumn 13, Issue 2, 1996, Pages 164-171

  Van der Kamp, Wim ^a   Zwinderman, Aeilco H ^b   Ferrari, Michel D ^a   Van Dijk, J Gert ^a  

^a LEIDEN UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (Netherlands)

^b LEIDEN UNIVERSITY   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Cortical excitability; Magnetic stimulation; Stimulus response relation; Threshold; Variability

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; BRAIN DEPTH STIMULATION; EVOKED RESPONSE; FEMALE; HANDEDNESS; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; MALE; MOTOR UNIT; PYRAMIDAL TRACT; STIMULUS RESPONSE; TRANSCRANIAL MAGNETIC STIMULATION;

ADULT; BRAIN; ELECTRIC STIMULATION; FEMALE; FUNCTIONAL LATERALITY; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; TRANSCRANIAL MAGNETIC STIMULATION; ULNAR NERVE;

EID: 0030057742     PISSN: 07360258     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00004691-199603000-00007     Document Type: Article

References (21)

1. Annett M. A classification of hand preference by association analysis. Br J Psychol 1970;61:303-21.
2. Barker AT, Freeston IL, Jalinous JR, Merlon PA, Morton HB. Magnetic stimulation of the Brain. J Physiol 1985;369:3P.
3. Berardelli A, Inghilleri M, Rothwell JC, Cruccu G, Manfredi M. Multiple firing of motorneurones is produced by cortical stimulation but not by direct activation of descending motor tracts. Electroencephalogr Clin Neumphysiol 1991;81:240-2.
4. Britton TC, Meyer B, Benecke R. Variability of cortically evoked motor responses in multiple sclerosis. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1991;81:186-94.
5. Caramia MD, Cicinelli P, Paradiso C, et al. "Excitability" changes of muscular responses to magnetic brain stimulation in patients with central motor neuron disorders. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1991;81:243-50.
6. Claus D, Murray NMF, Spitzer A, Flugel D. The influence of stimulus type on the magnetic excitation of nerve structures. Mapping of muscle representation in human motor cortex. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1990;75:342-9.
7. Day BL, Rothwell JC, Thompson PD, et al. Motor cortex stimulation in intact man. II. Multiple descending volleys. Brain 1987;110:1191-1209.
8. Di-Lazzaro V, Restuccia D, Molinari M, et al. Excitability of the motor cortex to magnetic stimulation in patients with cerebellar lesions. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1994;57:108-10.
9. Fuhr P, Cohen LG, Dang N, et al. Physiological analysis of motor reorganization following lower limb amputation. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1992;85:53-60.
10. Kasai T, Hayes KC, Wolfe DL, Allat RD. Afferent conditioning of motor evoked potentials following transcranial magnetic stimulation of motor cortex in normal subjects. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1992;85:95-101.
11. Kamp van der W, Zwinderman AH, Roos RAC, Ferrari MD, Kamphuisen HAC, Dijk van JG. Magnetic evoked potentials (MEPs) are larger in left-handed subjects. Muscle Nerve 1994;17:118-9.
12. Kiers L, Cros D, Chiappa KH, Fang J. Variability of motor potentials evoked by transcranial stimulation. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1993;89-415-23.
13. Lim CL, Yiannikas C. Motor evoked potentials: a new method of controlled facilitation using quantitative EMG. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1992;85:38-41.
14. Mazzocchio R, Rothwell JC, Day BL, Thompson PD. Effect of tonic voluntary activity on the excitability of human motor cortex. J Physiol (Lond) 1994;474:261-7.
15. Mcdonnell RAL, Shapiro BE, Chiappa KH, et al. Hemispheric threshold differences for motor evoked potentials produced by magnetic stimulation. Neurology 1991;41:1441-4.
16. Ravnborg M, Blinkenberg M, Dahl K. Standardisation of facilitation of compound muscle action potentials evoked by magnetic stimulation of the cortex. Results in healthy volunteers and in patients with multiple sclerosis. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1991;81:195-201.
17. Reutens DC, Berkovic SF, Macdonell RA, Bladin PF. Magnetic stimulation of the brain in generalized epilepsy: reversal of cortical hyperexcitability by anticonvulsants. Ann Neurol 1993;34:351-5.
18. Rothwell JC, Thompson PD, Day BL, Boyd S, Marsden CD. Stimulation of the human motor cortex through the scalp. Exp Physiol 1991;76:159-200.
19. Toleikis JR, Sloan TB, Ronai AK. Optimal transcranial magnetic stimulation sites for the assessment of motor function. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1991;81:443-9.
20. Ugawa Y, Rothwell JC, Day BL, Thompson PD, Marsden CD. Magnetic stimulation over spinal enlargements. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1989;52:1025-32.
21. Wassermann EM, McShane LM, Hallet M, Cohen LG. Noninvasive mapping of muscle representation in human motor cortex. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1992;85:1-8.