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The primers used to determine the sequence of the (+) DNA strand upstream of cep were 5′-CGGAAAACAGCAAGAAAAC-3′ and 5′-AGAACAGAACGAGAACGG-3′. The primers used to determine the DNA sequence of the (-) DNA strand downstream of ctxB were 5′-AATAATAAAACGCCTCAT-3′ and 5′-CGATGATGAGAAGCAACC-3′. Dye terminator cycle sequencing with a kit using AmpliTaq DNA polymerase FS (Perkin-Elmer) was carried out according to the manufacturer's recommendations. DNA sequences were determined with an ABI 373A DNA sequencer.
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note
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This work was supported by NIH grants Al 18045 to J.J.M. and A101321 to M.K.W. We thank D. Furlong for invaluable help with the electron microscope and D. Steiger for help with the DNA sequencing. We are grateful to Mekalanos laboratory members, especially E. Rubin, J. Tobias, S. Chiang, and G. Pearson, for valuable support, suggestions, and strains. All experiments involving animals were done in accordance with the guidelines for animal experimentation of Harvard Medical School.
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