The importance of measured intake in assessing exposure of breast-fed infants to organochlorines

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition

Volumn 50, Issue 7, 1996, Pages 438-442

  Quinsey, P M ^a   Donohue, D C ^a   Cumming, F J ^b   Ahokas, J T ^a,c  

^a RMIT UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

^b DEAKIN UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

^c Housing and Community Services ^*  (Australia)

Author keywords

Breast feeding; Infant; Milk human chemistry; Pesticide organochlorine analysis

Indexed keywords

CHLORDANE; DIELDRIN; HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE; HEXACHLOROBENZENE; MILK FAT; ORGANOCHLORINE DERIVATIVE;

ADULT; ARTICLE; AUSTRALIA; BREAST FEEDING; BREAST MILK; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; FEMALE; FOOD CONTAMINATION; GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY; HUMAN; INDUSTRIAL AREA; INFANT; MASS SPECTROMETRY; NORMAL HUMAN; RURAL AREA; SAMPLING; STANDARD; WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION;

ADULT; BODY WEIGHT; BREAST FEEDING; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; FEMALE; GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY; HUMANS; HYDROCARBONS, CHLORINATED; INFANT; INSECTICIDES; MILK, HUMAN; REGRESSION ANALYSIS;

EID: 0030056165     PISSN: 09543007     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (25)

1. Bates MN, Buckland SJ, Hannah DJ, Taucher JH & van Maanen T (1990): Organochlorine residues in the breast milk of New Zealand women: a report to the Department of Health. New Zealand: Department of Health, unpublished report.
2. Dewey KG, Heinig MJ, Nommsen LA & Lonnerdal B (1991): Maternal versus infant factors related to breast milk intake and residual milk volume: the DARLING study. Paediatr. 87(6), 829-837.
3. GEMS: Global Environmental Monitoring System (1983): Assessment of human exposure to selected OC compounds through biological monitoring, eds SA Slorach & R Vaz. Uppsala: Swedish National Food Administration.
4. Jensen AA (1983): Chemical contaminants in human milk. Resid. Rev. 89, 1-128.
5. Jensen AA (1987): Polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs), polychlorodibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorodibenzofurans (PCDFs) in human milk, blood and adipose tissue. Sci. Total Environ. 64, 259-293.
6. Jensen RG (1989): The lipids of human milk, pp 1-203. Boca Raton: CRC Press Inc.
7. Louekari K (1991): Estimation of dietary intake of heavy metals - comparison and reliability of methods, pp 1-53. Kuopio: University of Kuopio.
8. Luke BG, Monheit B, Tawfik F, Roberts GS, Dickson A, Gutsa E & Siebert N (1988): Organochlorine insecticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in human breast milk, Victoria 1985/1986. Department of Health. Melbourne: Victorian Government.
9. Mertz W, Tsui JC, Judd JT, Reiser S, Hallfrisch J, Morris ER, Steele PD & Lashley E (1991): What are people really eating? The relation between energy intake derived from estimated diet records and intake determined to maintain body weight. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 54, 291-295.
10. Miller GJ & Fow JA (1973): Chlorinated hydrocarbon pesticide residues in Queensland human milks. Med. J. Australia 2, 261-263.
11. Newton KG & Greene NC (1972): Organochlorine pesticide residue levels in human milk - Victoria, Australia - 1970. Pestic. Monit. J. 6, 4-7.
12. Norén K (1983): Some aspects of the determination of OC contaminants in human milk. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 12, 277-283.
13. Quinsey PM, Donohue DC & Ahokas JT (1995): Persistence of OCs in breast milk of women in Victoria, Australia. Food Chem. Toxicol. 33(1), 49-56.
14. Rogan WJ, Gladen BC, McKinney JD, Carreras N, Hardy P, Thullen J, Tingelstad J & Tully M (1986): Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and dichlorodiphenyl dichloroethene (DDE) in human milk: effects of maternal factors and previous lactation. Am. J. Public Health 76, 172-177.
15. Seifert WE & Caprioli RM (1986): Chemical contaminants in human milk. In Human milk in infant nutrition and health, eds RR Howell, FH Morris & LK Pickering, pp 279-300. Springfield: Charles C Thomas.
16. Skaare JU & Polder A (1990): Polychlorinated biphenyls and OC pesticides in milk of Norwegian women during lactation. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 19, 640-645.
17. Smith AG (1991): Chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticides. In Handbook of Pesticide Toxicology, eds WJ Hayes & ER Laws, pp 731-915. San Diego: Academic Press Inc.
18. Stacey CI, Perriman WS & Whitney S (1985): Organochlorine pesticide residue levels in human milk: Western Australia, 1979-1980. Arch. Environ. Health 40, 102-108.
19. Stacey CI & Thomas BW (1975): Organochlorine pesticide residues in human milk, Western Australia, 1970-1971. Pestic. Monit. J. 9, 64-66.
20. WHO (1985): Global Environmental Monitoring System guidelines for the study of dietary intakes of chemical contaminants. Offset publication 87. Geneva: WHO.
21. WHO (1986): Principles of evaluating health risks from chemicals during infancy and early childhood: the need for a special approach. Environmental Health Criteria 59. Geneva: WHO.
22. WHO (1988): Assessment of health risks in infants associated with exposure to PCBs, PCDDs and PCDFs in breast milk. Copenhagen: WHO.
23. Woodward DR & Cumming FJ (1990): Do ambient temperature and humidity affect the breast milk intake of babies? J. Paediatr. Child Health 26, 37-40.
24. Woodward DR, Rees Beth & Boon Judy A (1989): Human milk fat content: within feed variation. Early Hum. Dev. 19, 39-46.
25. Yakushiji T. (1988): Contamination, clearance and transfer of PCB from human milk. Rev. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 101, 139-162.