메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 70, Issue 1, 1996, Pages 146-166

An elastic network model based on the structure of the red blood cell membrane skeleton

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

SPECTRIN;

EID: 0030053840     PISSN: 00063495     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0006-3495(96)79556-5     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (99)

References (57)
  • 1
    • 0000024973 scopus 로고
    • Mechanics of disordered solids. I. Percolation on elastic networks with central forces
    • Arbabi, S., and M. Sahimi. 1993. Mechanics of disordered solids. I. Percolation on elastic networks with central forces. Phys. Rev. B47: 695-702.
    • (1993) Phys. Rev. , vol.B47 , pp. 695-702
    • Arbabi, S.1    Sahimi, M.2
  • 2
    • 0001553890 scopus 로고
    • Elastic fracture in random materials
    • Beale, P. D., and D. J. Srolovitz. 1988. Elastic fracture in random materials. Phys. Rev. B37:5500-5507.
    • (1988) Phys. Rev. , vol.B37 , pp. 5500-5507
    • Beale, P.D.1    Srolovitz, D.J.2
  • 3
    • 0027333413 scopus 로고
    • The spectrin-based membrane skeleton and micron-scale organization of the plasma membrane
    • Bennett, V., and D. M. Gilligan. 1993. The spectrin-based membrane skeleton and micron-scale organization of the plasma membrane. Annu. Rev. Cell Biol. 9:27-66.
    • (1993) Annu. Rev. Cell Biol. , vol.9 , pp. 27-66
    • Bennett, V.1    Gilligan, D.M.2
  • 4
    • 33749827385 scopus 로고
    • Negative Poisson ratio in two-dimensional networks under tension
    • Boal, D., U. Seifert, and J. Shillcock. 1993 Negative Poisson ratio in two-dimensional networks under tension. Phys. Rev. E48:4274-4283.
    • (1993) Phys. Rev. , vol.E48 , pp. 4274-4283
    • Boal, D.1    Seifert, U.2    Shillcock, J.3
  • 5
    • 0027932634 scopus 로고
    • Computer simulation of a model network for the erythrocyte cytoskeleton
    • Boal, D. 1994. Computer simulation of a model network for the erythrocyte cytoskeleton. Biophys. J. 67:521-529.
    • (1994) Biophys. J. , vol.67 , pp. 521-529
    • Boal, D.1
  • 6
    • 0022344550 scopus 로고
    • Visualization of the protein associations in the erythrocyte membrane skeleton
    • Byers, T. J., and D. Branton. 1985. Visualization of the protein associations in the erythrocyte membrane skeleton. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 82:6153-6157.
    • (1985) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.82 , pp. 6153-6157
    • Byers, T.J.1    Branton, D.2
  • 7
    • 0024583918 scopus 로고
    • Viscoelastic properties of red cell membrane in hereditary elliptocytosis
    • Chabanel, A., K. L. P. Sung, J. Papiejko, J. T. Prchal, S.-C. Liu, and S. Chien. 1989. Viscoelastic properties of red cell membrane in hereditary elliptocytosis. Blood. 73:592-595.
    • (1989) Blood , vol.73 , pp. 592-595
    • Chabanel, A.1    Sung, K.L.P.2    Papiejko, J.3    Prchal, J.T.4    Liu, S.-C.5    Chien, S.6
  • 8
    • 0022510339 scopus 로고
    • Erythrocyte membrane deformability and stability: Two distinct membrane properties that are independently regulated by skeletal protein associations
    • Chasis, J. A., and N. Mohandas. 1986. Erythrocyte membrane deformability and stability: two distinct membrane properties that are independently regulated by skeletal protein associations. J. Cell. Biol. 103: 343-350.
    • (1986) J. Cell. Biol. , vol.103 , pp. 343-350
    • Chasis, J.A.1    Mohandas, N.2
  • 9
    • 0017717920 scopus 로고
    • Principles and techniques for assessing erythrocyte deformability
    • Chien, S. 1977. Principles and techniques for assessing erythrocyte deformability. Blood Cells. 3:71-99.
    • (1977) Blood Cells , vol.3 , pp. 71-99
    • Chien, S.1
  • 10
    • 85030371197 scopus 로고
    • Theoretical and experimental studies on viscoelastic properties of erythrocyte membrane
    • Chien, S., K. Sung, R. Skalak, S. Usami, and A. Tözeren. 1978. Theoretical and experimental studies on viscoelastic properties of erythrocyte membrane. Biophys. J. 24:463-487.
    • (1978) Biophys. J. , vol.24 , pp. 463-487
    • Chien, S.1    Sung, K.2    Skalak, R.3    Usami, S.4    Tözeren, A.5
  • 11
    • 0025081915 scopus 로고
    • Molecular basis of red cell membrane rheology
    • Chien, S., and L. A. Sung. 1990. Molecular basis of red cell membrane rheology. Biorheology 27:327-344.
    • (1990) Biorheology , vol.27 , pp. 327-344
    • Chien, S.1    Sung, L.A.2
  • 12
    • 0025403740 scopus 로고
    • Brittle fracture in disordered materials: A spring network model
    • Curtin, W. A., and H. Scher. 1990. Brittle fracture in disordered materials: a spring network model. J. Mater. Res. 5:535-553.
    • (1990) J. Mater. Res. , vol.5 , pp. 535-553
    • Curtin, W.A.1    Scher, H.2
  • 13
    • 0003017228 scopus 로고
    • Action of drugs on the erythrocyte membrane
    • J. R. Harris, editor. Plenum Press, New York
    • Deuticke, B., R. Grebe, and C. W. M. Haest. 1990. Action of drugs on the erythrocyte membrane. In Blood Cell Biochemistry. J. R. Harris, editor. Plenum Press, New York. 475-529.
    • (1990) Blood Cell Biochemistry , pp. 475-529
    • Deuticke, B.1    Grebe, R.2    Haest, C.W.M.3
  • 14
    • 0027938023 scopus 로고
    • Molecular maps of red cell deformation: Hidden elasticity and in situ connectivity
    • Discher, D. E., N. Mohandas, and E. A. Evans. 1994. Molecular maps of red cell deformation: hidden elasticity and in situ connectivity. Science. 266:1032-1035.
    • (1994) Science , vol.266 , pp. 1032-1035
    • Discher, D.E.1    Mohandas, N.2    Evans, E.A.3
  • 15
    • 0015889146 scopus 로고
    • A new material concept for the red cell membrane
    • Evans, E. A. 1973. A new material concept for the red cell membrane. Biophys. J. 13:926-940.
    • (1973) Biophys. J. , vol.13 , pp. 926-940
    • Evans, E.A.1
  • 17
    • 0026625786 scopus 로고
    • Is the surface area of the red cell membrane skeleton locally conserved?
    • Fischer, T. M. 1992. Is the surface area of the red cell membrane skeleton locally conserved? Biophys. J 61:298-305.
    • (1992) Biophys. J , vol.61 , pp. 298-305
    • Fischer, T.M.1
  • 18
    • 0019310758 scopus 로고
    • Spectrin plus band 4.1 cross-link actin
    • Fowler, V. M., and D. L. Taylor. 1980. Spectrin plus band 4.1 cross-link actin. J. Cell Biol. 85:361-376.
    • (1980) J. Cell Biol. , vol.85 , pp. 361-376
    • Fowler, V.M.1    Taylor, D.L.2
  • 19
    • 0028746024 scopus 로고
    • A coupled elasto-diffusion problem of integral proteins on the surface of a deformed axisymmetric erythrocyte
    • ASME, New York
    • Gaydos, J. 1994. A coupled elasto-diffusion problem of integral proteins on the surface of a deformed axisymmetric erythrocyte. In Fundamentals of Biomedical Heat Transfer. ASME, New York. HTD-295:47-61.
    • (1994) Fundamentals of Biomedical Heat Transfer , vol.HTD-295 , pp. 47-61
    • Gaydos, J.1
  • 20
    • 0027410648 scopus 로고
    • The junctional complex of the membrane skeleton
    • Gilligan, D., and V. Bennett. 1993. The junctional complex of the membrane skeleton. Semin. Hemarol. 30:74-83.
    • (1993) Semin. Hemarol. , vol.30 , pp. 74-83
    • Gilligan, D.1    Bennett, V.2
  • 21
    • 1542547773 scopus 로고
    • Fracture of random central force networks under tension: The stretched net model of the erythrocyte membrane skeleton
    • Grimson, M. J. 1993. Fracture of random central force networks under tension: the stretched net model of the erythrocyte membrane skeleton. J. Phys.: Condens. Matter. 5:4749-58.
    • (1993) J. Phys.: Condens. Matter. , vol.5 , pp. 4749-4758
    • Grimson, M.J.1
  • 22
    • 0023161133 scopus 로고
    • Erythrocyte membrane elasticity and viscosity
    • Hochmuth, R. M., and R. E. Waugh. 1987. Erythrocyte membrane elasticity and viscosity. Annu. Rev. Physiol. 49:209-219.
    • (1987) Annu. Rev. Physiol. , vol.49 , pp. 209-219
    • Hochmuth, R.M.1    Waugh, R.E.2
  • 23
    • 0023600254 scopus 로고
    • Model of red blood cell membrane skeleton: Electrical and mechanical properties
    • Kozlov, M. M , and V S. Markin. 1987. Model of red blood cell membrane skeleton: electrical and mechanical properties. J. Theor. Biol. 129: 439-452.
    • (1987) J. Theor. Biol. , vol.129 , pp. 439-452
    • Kozlov, M.M.1    Markin, V.S.2
  • 24
    • 0023150141 scopus 로고
    • Visualization of the hexagonal lattice in the erythrocyte membrane skeleton
    • Liu, S., L. Denck, and J. Palek. 1987. Visualization of the hexagonal lattice in the erythrocyte membrane skeleton. J. Cell Biol. 104:527-536.
    • (1987) J. Cell Biol. , vol.104 , pp. 527-536
    • Liu, S.1    Denck, L.2    Palek, J.3
  • 25
    • 0343631705 scopus 로고
    • Molecular anatomy of erythrocyte membrane skeleton in health and disease
    • C. M. Cohen and J. Palek, editors. Wiley-Liss, New York
    • Liu, S.-C., L. H. Derick, and J. Palek. 1990. Molecular anatomy of erythrocyte membrane skeleton in health and disease. In Cellular and Molecular Biology of Normal and Abnormal Erythroid Membranes. C. M. Cohen and J. Palek, editors. Wiley-Liss, New York. 171-183.
    • (1990) Cellular and Molecular Biology of Normal and Abnormal Erythroid Membranes , pp. 171-183
    • Liu, S.-C.1    Derick, L.H.2    Palek, J.3
  • 26
    • 0027392464 scopus 로고
    • Dependence of the permanent deformation of red blood cell membranes on spectrin dimer-tetramer equilibrium: Implication for permanent membrane deformation of irreversibly sickled cells
    • Liu, S.-C., L. H. Derick, and J. Palek. 1993. Dependence of the permanent deformation of red blood cell membranes on spectrin dimer-tetramer equilibrium: implication for permanent membrane deformation of irreversibly sickled cells. Blood. 81:522-528.
    • (1993) Blood , vol.81 , pp. 522-528
    • Liu, S.-C.1    Derick, L.H.2    Palek, J.3
  • 27
    • 0021214396 scopus 로고
    • Oligomeric states of spectrin in normal erythrocyte membranes: Biochemical and electron microscope studies
    • Liu, S., P. Windisch, S. Kim, and J. Palek. 1984. Oligomeric states of spectrin in normal erythrocyte membranes: biochemical and electron microscope studies. Cell. 37:587-594.
    • (1984) Cell , vol.37 , pp. 587-594
    • Liu, S.1    Windisch, P.2    Kim, S.3    Palek, J.4
  • 28
    • 0025284142 scopus 로고
    • On the structure of erythrocyte spectrin in partially expanded membrane skeletons
    • McGough, A. M., and R. Josephs. 1990. On the structure of erythrocyte spectrin in partially expanded membrane skeletons. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 87:5208-5212.
    • (1990) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.87 , pp. 5208-5212
    • McGough, A.M.1    Josephs, R.2
  • 29
    • 17644443304 scopus 로고
    • Analysis of red blood cell cytoskeleton using an atomic force microscope
    • Mikrut, J. M., and R. C. MacDonald. 1994. Analysis of red blood cell cytoskeleton using an atomic force microscope. Am. Biotechnol. Lab. 12:26.
    • (1994) Am. Biotechnol. Lab. , vol.12 , pp. 26
    • Mikrut, J.M.1    MacDonald, R.C.2
  • 30
    • 0343631704 scopus 로고
    • Observation of microtubule and cytoskeletal structure by scanning probe microscopy
    • Abstr.
    • Miyamoto, H., M. Takeuchi, H. Komizu, and A. Kusumi. 1993. Observation of microtubule and cytoskeletal structure by scanning probe microscopy. Mol. Biol. Cell. 4:278a. (Abstr.)
    • (1993) Mol. Biol. Cell. , vol.4
    • Miyamoto, H.1    Takeuchi, M.2    Komizu, H.3    Kusumi, A.4
  • 31
    • 0020790044 scopus 로고
    • The influence of membrane skeleton on red cell deformability, membrane properties and shape
    • Mohandas, N., J. A. Chasis, and S. B. Shohet. 1983. The influence of membrane skeleton on red cell deformability, membrane properties and shape. Semin. Hematol. 20:225-242.
    • (1983) Semin. Hematol. , vol.20 , pp. 225-242
    • Mohandas, N.1    Chasis, J.A.2    Shohet, S.B.3
  • 32
    • 0028263839 scopus 로고
    • Mechanical properties of the red cell membrane in relation to molecular structure and genetic defects
    • Mohandas, N., and E. Evans. 1994. Mechanical properties of the red cell membrane in relation to molecular structure and genetic defects. Annu. Rev. Biophys. Biomol. Struct. 23:787-818.
    • (1994) Annu. Rev. Biophys. Biomol. Struct. , vol.23 , pp. 787-818
    • Mohandas, N.1    Evans, E.2
  • 33
    • 0027848817 scopus 로고
    • Structural determinants of the rigidity of the red cell membrane
    • Nash, G. B., and W. B. Gratzer. 1993. Structural determinants of the rigidity of the red cell membrane. Biorheology 30:397-407.
    • (1993) Biorheology , vol.30 , pp. 397-407
    • Nash, G.B.1    Gratzer, W.B.2
  • 34
    • 0021193967 scopus 로고
    • Analysis of the ternary interaction of the red cell membrane skeletal proteins spectrin, actin, and 4.1
    • Ohanian, V., L. C. Wolfe, K. M. John, J. C. Pinder, and S. E. Lux. 1984. Analysis of the ternary interaction of the red cell membrane skeletal proteins spectrin, actin, and 4.1. Biochemistry. 23:4416-4420.
    • (1984) Biochemistry , vol.23 , pp. 4416-4420
    • Ohanian, V.1    Wolfe, L.C.2    John, K.M.3    Pinder, J.C.4    Lux, S.E.5
  • 35
    • 0027953925 scopus 로고
    • Membrane skeleton in fresh unfixed erythrocytes as revealed by a rapid-freezing and deepetching method
    • Ohno, S , N Terada, Y. Fujii, and H. Ueda. 1994. Membrane skeleton in fresh unfixed erythrocytes as revealed by a rapid-freezing and deepetching method. J. Anat. 185:415-420.
    • (1994) J. Anat. , vol.185 , pp. 415-420
    • Ohno, S.1    Terada, N.2    Fujii, Y.3    Ueda, H.4
  • 37
    • 0024771738 scopus 로고
    • Linear elasticity of planar Delaunay networks: Random field characterization of effective moduli
    • Ostoja-Starzewski, M., and C. Wang. 1989. Linear elasticity of planar Delaunay networks: random field characterization of effective moduli. Acta Mechanica. 80:61-80.
    • (1989) Acta Mechanica , vol.80 , pp. 61-80
    • Ostoja-Starzewski, M.1    Wang, C.2
  • 38
    • 0025675142 scopus 로고
    • Linear elasticity of planar Delaunay networks. Part II: Voigt and Reuss bounds, and modification for centroids
    • Ostoja-Starzewski, M , and C. Wang. 1990. Linear elasticity of planar Delaunay networks. Part II: Voigt and Reuss bounds, and modification for centroids. Acta Mechanica. 84:7-61.
    • (1990) Acta Mechanica , vol.84 , pp. 7-61
    • Ostoja-Starzewski, M.1    Wang, C.2
  • 39
    • 0027429066 scopus 로고
    • Clinical expression and laboratory detection of red blood cell membrane protein mutations
    • Palek, J., and P. Jarolim. 1993. Clinical expression and laboratory detection of red blood cell membrane protein mutations. Semin. Hematol. 30: 249-283.
    • (1993) Semin. Hematol. , vol.30 , pp. 249-283
    • Palek, J.1    Jarolim, P.2
  • 40
    • 0026510756 scopus 로고
    • Analysis of the three-alpha-helix motif in the spectrin superfamily of proteins
    • Parry, D. A. D., T. W. Dixon, and C. Cohen. 1992. Analysis of the three-alpha-helix motif in the spectrin superfamily of proteins. Biophys. J. 61:858-867.
    • (1992) Biophys. J. , vol.61 , pp. 858-867
    • Parry, D.A.D.1    Dixon, T.W.2    Cohen, C.3
  • 41
    • 0025819086 scopus 로고
    • Temperature and pH dependence of the selfassociation of human spectrin
    • Ralston, G. B. 1991. Temperature and pH dependence of the selfassociation of human spectrin. Biochemistry. 30:4179-4186.
    • (1991) Biochemistry , vol.30 , pp. 4179-4186
    • Ralston, G.B.1
  • 42
    • 77954625846 scopus 로고
    • Graph-theoretical approach to the mechanics of granular materials
    • A. Spencer, editor. A. A. Balkema, Rotterdam
    • Satake, M. 1985. Graph-theoretical approach to the mechanics of granular materials. In Continuum Models of Discrete Systems 5. A. Spencer, editor. A. A. Balkema, Rotterdam.
    • (1985) Continuum Models of Discrete Systems 5
    • Satake, M.1
  • 43
    • 0025325763 scopus 로고
    • The membrane skeleton of erythrocytes: A percolation model
    • Saxton, M. J. 1990. The membrane skeleton of erythrocytes: a percolation model. Biophys. J. 57:1167-1177.
    • (1990) Biophys. J. , vol.57 , pp. 1167-1177
    • Saxton, M.J.1
  • 44
    • 0002521472 scopus 로고
    • Ultrastructure and function of membrane skeleton
    • P. Agre and J. C. Parker, editors. Marcel Dekker, New York
    • Shen, B. W. 1989. Ultrastructure and function of membrane skeleton. In Red Blood Cell Membranes: Structure, Function, Clinical Implications. P. Agre and J. C. Parker, editors. Marcel Dekker, New York. 261-297.
    • (1989) Red Blood Cell Membranes: Structure, Function, Clinical Implications , pp. 261-297
    • Shen, B.W.1
  • 45
    • 0022486512 scopus 로고
    • Ultrastructure of the intact skeleton of the human erythrocyte membrane
    • Shen, B. W., R. Josephs, and T. L. Steck. 1986. Ultrastructure of the intact skeleton of the human erythrocyte membrane. J. Cell Biol. 102: 997-1006.
    • (1986) J. Cell Biol. , vol.102 , pp. 997-1006
    • Shen, B.W.1    Josephs, R.2    Steck, T.L.3
  • 46
    • 0021272595 scopus 로고
    • Erythrocyte spectrin is comprised of many homologous triple helical segments
    • Speicher, D. W., and V. Marchesi. 1984. Erythrocyte spectrin is comprised of many homologous triple helical segments. Nature. 311:177-180
    • (1984) Nature , vol.311 , pp. 177-180
    • Speicher, D.W.1    Marchesi, V.2
  • 47
    • 0022615147 scopus 로고
    • The human erythrocyte membrane skeleton may be an ionic gel. I. Membrane mechanochemical properties
    • Stokke, B. T., A. Mikkelsen, and A. Elgsaeter. 1986, The human erythrocyte membrane skeleton may be an ionic gel. I. Membrane mechanochemical properties. Eur. Biophys. J. 13:203-218.
    • (1986) Eur. Biophys. J. , vol.13 , pp. 203-218
    • Stokke, B.T.1    Mikkelsen, A.2    Elgsaeter, A.3
  • 48
    • 0026671203 scopus 로고
    • Conformation and elasticity of the isolated red blood cell membrane skeleton
    • Svoboda, K., C. Schmidt, D. Branton, and S. Block. 1992. Conformation and elasticity of the isolated red blood cell membrane skeleton. Biophys. J. 63:784-793.
    • (1992) Biophys. J. , vol.63 , pp. 784-793
    • Svoboda, K.1    Schmidt, C.2    Branton, D.3    Block, S.4
  • 49
    • 0018099901 scopus 로고
    • Self-association of human spectrin: A thermodynamic and kinetic study
    • Ungewickell, E., and W. Gratzer. 1978. Self-association of human spectrin: a thermodynamic and kinetic study. Eur. J. Biochem. 88:379-385.
    • (1978) Eur. J. Biochem. , vol.88 , pp. 379-385
    • Ungewickell, E.1    Gratzer, W.2
  • 50
    • 0028246498 scopus 로고
    • Immunolocalization of tropomodulin, tropomyosin, and actin in spread human erythrocyte skeletons
    • Ursitti, J. A., and V. M. Fowler. 1994. Immunolocalization of tropomodulin, tropomyosin, and actin in spread human erythrocyte skeletons. J. Cell. Sci. 107:1633-1639.
    • (1994) J. Cell. Sci. , vol.107 , pp. 1633-1639
    • Ursitti, J.A.1    Fowler, V.M.2
  • 51
    • 0026353772 scopus 로고
    • Lltrastructure of the human erythrocyte cytoskeleton and its attachment to the membrane
    • Ursitti, J. A., D. W. Pumplin, J. B. Wade, and R. J. Bloch. 1991. Lltrastructure of the human erythrocyte cytoskeleton and its attachment to the membrane. Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton. 19:227-243
    • (1991) Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton. , vol.19 , pp. 227-243
    • Ursitti, J.A.1    Pumplin, D.W.2    Wade, J.B.3    Bloch, R.J.4
  • 52
    • 0027283328 scopus 로고
    • Ultrastructure and immunocytochemistry of the isolated human erythrocyte membrane skeleton
    • Ursitti, J. A., and J. B. Wade. 1993. Ultrastructure and immunocytochemistry of the isolated human erythrocyte membrane skeleton. Cell Monl. Cytoskeleton. 25:30-42.
    • (1993) Cell Monl. Cytoskeleton. , vol.25 , pp. 30-42
    • Ursitti, J.A.1    Wade, J.B.2
  • 53
    • 0024561407 scopus 로고
    • Elasticity of the human red cell membrane skeleton. Effects of temperature and denaturants
    • Vertessy, B. G., and T. L. Steck. 1989. Elasticity of the human red cell membrane skeleton. Effects of temperature and denaturants. Biophys. J. 55:255-262.
    • (1989) Biophys. J. , vol.55 , pp. 255-262
    • Vertessy, B.G.1    Steck, T.L.2
  • 54
    • 0021998409 scopus 로고
    • Transmural myocardial deformation in the canine left ventricle
    • Waldman, L., Y. C. Fung, and J. Covell. 1985. Transmural myocardial deformation in the canine left ventricle. Circ. Res. 57:152-163.
    • (1985) Circ. Res. , vol.57 , pp. 152-163
    • Waldman, L.1    Fung, Y.C.2    Covell, J.3
  • 55
    • 0023915893 scopus 로고
    • Reductions of erythrocyte membrane viscoelastic coefficients reflect spectrin deficiencies in hereditary spherocytosis
    • Waugh, R. E , and P. Agre 1988. Reductions of erythrocyte membrane viscoelastic coefficients reflect spectrin deficiencies in hereditary spherocytosis. J. Clin. Invest. 81:133-141.
    • (1988) J. Clin. Invest. , vol.81 , pp. 133-141
    • Waugh, R.E.1    Agre, P.2
  • 56
    • 0018350757 scopus 로고
    • Thermoelasticity of red blood cell membrane
    • Waugh, R. E., and E. A. Evans. 1979. Thermoelasticity of red blood cell membrane. Biophys. J. 26:115-132.
    • (1979) Biophys. J. , vol.26 , pp. 115-132
    • Waugh, R.E.1    Evans, E.A.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.