Use of solid-phase extraction to determine ergosterol concentrations in plant tissue colonized by fungi

Applied and Environmental Microbiology

Volumn 62, Issue 2, 1996, Pages 415-419

  Gessner, Mark O ^a   Schmitt, Anja L ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF KIEL   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

2 PROPANOL; ACETIC ACID; ERGOSTEROL; LIPID; ORGANIC MATTER;

ARTICLE; BIOMASS; CONTROLLED STUDY; FUNGUS GROWTH; HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY; MYCOSIS; NONHUMAN; PH; PLANT; SOLID PHASE EXTRACTION;

EID: 0030053137     PISSN: 00992240     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1128/aem.62.2.415-419.1996     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. Anderson, P., C. M. Davidson, D. Littlejohn, A. M. Ure, C. A. Shand, and M. V. Cheshire. 1994. Extraction of ergosterol from peaty soils and determination by high performance liquid chromatography. Talanta 41:711-720.
2. Antibus, R. K., and R. L. Sinsabaugh. 1993. The extraction and quantification of ergosterol from ectomycorrhizal fungi and roots. Mycorrhiza 3:137-144
3. Bermingham, S., L. Maltby, and R. C. Cooke. 1995. A critical assessment of the validity of ergosterol as an indicator of fungal biomass. Mycol. Res 99: 479-184.
4. Bindler, G. N., J. J. Piadé, and D. Schulthess. 1988 Evaluation of selected steroids as chemical markers of past and presently occurring fungal infections on tobacco. Beitr. Tabakforsch. Int. 14:127-134.
5. Davis, M. W., and R. T. Lamar. 1992. Evaluation of methods to extract ergosterol for quantitation of soil fungal biomass. Soil Biol. Biochem. 24: 189-198.
6. Desgranges, C., C. Vergoignan, M. Georges, and A. Durand. 1991. Biomass estimation in solid state fermentation Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 35:200-205
7. Frankland, J. C., J. Dighton, and L. Boddy. 1990. Methods for studying fungi in soil and forest litter. Methods Microbiol. 22:343-404.
8. Frey, B., H. R. Buser, and H. Schüepp. 1992. Identification of ergosterol in vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae Biol. Fertil. Soils 13:229-234.
9. Fritze, H., and E. Bååth. 1993 Microfungal species composition and fungal biomass in a coniferous forest soil polluted by alkaline deposition. Microb. Ecol 25:83-92.
10. Gao, Y., T. Chen, and C. Breuil. 1993 Ergosterol - a measure of fungal growth in wood for staining and pitch control fungi. Biotechnol. Tech 7: 621-626.
11. Gardner, R. M., G. W. Tindall, S. M. Cline, and K. L. Brown. 1993. Ergosterol determination in activated sludge and its application as a biochemical marker for monitoring fungal biomass J. Microbiol. Methods 17:49-60.
12. Gessner, M. O., M. A. Bauchrowitz, and M. Escautier. 1991 Extraction and quantification of eigosterol as a measure of fungal biomass in leaf litter Microb. Ecol. 22:285-291
13. Gessner, M. O., and E. Chauvet. 1993. Ergosterol-to-biomass conversion factors for aquatic hyphomycetes. Appl. Environ. Microbiol 59:502-507
14. Gessner, M. O., and S. Y. Newell. Bulk quantitative methods for the examination of eukaryotic organoosmotrophs in plant litter. In C. J. Hurst, G. Knudsen, M McInerney, L. D. Stetzenbach, and M. Walter (ed.), Manual of environmental microbiology, in press. American Society for Microbiology, Washington, D.C.
15. Grant, W. D., and A. W. West. 1986 Measurement of ergosterol, diaminopimelic acid and glucosamine in soil: evaluation as indicators of microbial biomass. J. Microbiol. Methods 6:47-53.
16. Hartwig, M., S. Hartmann, and H. Steinhart. Bestimmung natürlich votkommender steroidaler Sexualhormone (Androgene und Gestagene) in Rindfleisch Z. Lebensm Unters Forsch., in press.
17. Johnson, B. N., and W. B. McGill. 1990. Comparison of ergosterol and chiun as quantitative estimates of mycorrhizal infection and Pinus contoria seedling response to inoculation. Can. J For Res. 20:1125-1131.
18. Martin, F., C. Delaruelle, and J. L. Hilbert. 1990. An improved ergosterol assay to estimate fungal biomass in ectomycorrhizas. Mycol. Res. 94:1054-1064.
19. Miller, J. D., J. C. Young, and H. L. Trenholm. 1983. Fusarium toxins in field corn. I. Time course of fungal growth and production of deoxynivalenol and other mycotoxins. Can. J. Bot. 61:3080-3087.
20. Newell, S. Y. 1992. Estimating fungal biomass and productivity in decomposing litter, p. 521-561. In G. C Carroll and D T. Wicklow (ed.), The fungal community: its organization and role in the ecosystem, 2nd ed. Marcel Dekker Inc , New York.
21. Newell, S. Y. 1993. Membrane-containing fungal mass and fungal specific growth rate in natural samples. p. 579-586 M P. F. Kemp, B. F. Sherr, E. B. Sherr, and J. J. Cole (ed.), Handbook of methods in aquatic microbial ecology. Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, Fla.
22. Newell, S. Y. 1994. Ecomethodology for organoosmotrophs: prokaryotic unicellular versus eukaryotic mycelial. Microb. Ecol. 28:151-157.
23. Newell, S. Y. 1994. Total and free ergosterol in mycelia of saltmarsh ascomycetes with access to whole leaves or aqueous extracts of leaves. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 60:3479-3482
24. Newell, S. Y., T. L. Arsuffi, and R. D. Fallon. 1988. Fundamental procedures for determining ergosterol content of decaying plant material by liquid chromatography. Appl Environ. Microbiol. 54:1876-1879.
25. Newell, S. Y., and R. D. Fallon. 1991. Toward a method for measuring fungal instantaneous growth rates in field samples. Ecology 72:1547-1559.
26. Nout, M. J. R., T. M. G. Bonants-Van Laarhoven, P. de Jongh, and P. G. de Koster. 1987. Ergosterol content of Rhizopus oligosporus NRRL 5905 grown in liquid and solid substrates. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol 26:456-461.
27. Nylund, J. E., and H. Wallander. 1992. Ergosterol analysis as a means of quantifying mycorrhizal biomass. Methods Microbiol. 24:77-88.
28. Padgett, D. E., and M. H. Posey. 1993. An evaluation of the efficiencies of several ergosterol extraction techniques. Mycol. Res. 97:1476-1480.
29. Parkinson, D., and D. C. Coleman. 1991. Methods for assessing microbial populations, activity and biomass Microbial communities. activity and biomass. Agric. Ecosyst Environ. 34:3-33
30. 3 in liquid multivitamin preparation, using reverse phase, solid phase extraction liquid chromatography J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem. 70:599-601.
31. Schnürer, J. 1993 Comparison of methods for estimating the biomass of three food-borne fungi with different arowth patterns Appl. Environ Microbiol. 59:552-555.
32. Schwadorf, K., and H. M. Müller. 1989. Determination of ergosterol in cereals, mixed feed components, and mixed feeds by liquid chromatography. J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem. 72:457-462.
33. Seitz, L. M., H. E. Mohr, R. Burroughs, and D. B. Sauer. 1977. Ergosterol as an indicator of fungal invasion in grains Cereal Chem. 54:1207-1217.
34. Seitz, L. M., D. B. Sauer, R. Burroughs, H. E. Mohr, and J. D. Hubbard. 1979. Ergosterol as a measure of fungal growth. Physiol. Biochem. 69:1202-1203.
35. Suberkropp, K. 1995. The influence of nutrients on fungal growth, productivity, and sporulation during leaf breakdown in streams. Can J Bot. 73 (Suppl. 1):S1361-S1369.
36. Tothill, I. E., D. Harris, and N. Magan. 1992. The relationship between fungal growth and ergosterol content of wheat grain. Mycol. Res. 96:965-970.
37. Weidolf, L. O. G., and J. D. Henion. 1987 Liquid-solid extraction conditions predicted by liquid chromatography for selective isolation of sulfoconjugated steroids from equine urine. Anal Chem. 59:1980-1984.
38. Young, J. C. 1995. Microwave-assisted extraction of the fungal metabolite ergosterol and total fatty acids. J. Agric Food. Chem. 43:2904-2910.
39. Young, J. C., and D. E. Games. 1993. Supercritical fluid extraction and supercritical fluid chromatography of the fungal metabolite ergosterol. J. Agric. Food Chem. 41:577-581.
40. Zelles, L., K. Hund, and K. Stepper. 1987. Methoden zur relativen Quantifizierung der pilzlichen Biomasse im Boden. Z. Pflanzenernaehr. Bodenkd. 150:249-252.
41. Zill, G., G. Engelhardt, and P. R. Wallnöfer. 1988. Determination of ergosterol as a measure of fungal growth using Si 60 HPLC. Z. Lebensm Unters. Forsch. 187:246-249.