Lorazepam and midazolam in the intensive care unit: A randomized, prospective, multicenter study of hemodynamics, oxygen transport, efficacy, and cost

Critical Care Medicine

Volumn 24, Issue 2, 1996, Pages 222-228

  Cernaianu, Aurel C ^a,c   DelRossi, Anthony J ^a   Flum, David R ^a   Vassilidze, Teimouraz V ^a   Ross, Steven E ^a   Cilley Jr , Jonathan H ^a   Grosso, Michael A ^a   Boysen, Philip G ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MEDICINE AND DENTISTRY OF NEW JERSEY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA COLLEGE OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^c NONE   (United States)

Author keywords

anxiolysis; benzodiazepines; critical care; critical illness; hemodynamics; intensive care unit; lorazepam; midazolam; pharmacoeconomics; sedation

Indexed keywords

LORAZEPAM; MIDAZOLAM;

ADULT; AGED; AGITATION; ANXIETY; ARTICLE; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS; CRITICAL ILLNESS; DRUG COST; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG SAFETY; FEMALE; HEMODYNAMICS; HUMAN; INTENSIVE CARE; INTRAVENOUS DRUG ADMINISTRATION; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MULTICENTER STUDY; OXYGEN TRANSPORT; PATIENT SATISFACTION; PHARMACOECONOMICS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; SEDATION; TRANQUILIZING ACTIVITY;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; ANTI-ANXIETY AGENTS; COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS; CRITICAL ILLNESS; DRUG COSTS; FEMALE; HEMODYNAMIC PROCESSES; HUMANS; HYPNOTICS AND SEDATIVES; INTENSIVE CARE UNITS; LORAZEPAM; MALE; MIDAZOLAM; MIDDLE AGED; OXYGEN CONSUMPTION; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; RESPIRATION, ARTIFICIAL;

EID: 0030051280     PISSN: 00903493     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00003246-199602000-00007     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. Strain JJ: Psychological reactions to acute medical illness and critical care. Crit Care Med 1978; 6:39-45
2. Strain JJ, Grosman S: Psychological Care of the Medically Ill: A Primer in Liaison Psychiatry. Stanford, CT, Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1975
3. Dobb GJ, Murphy DF: Sedation and analgesia during intensive care. Clinics in Anesthesiology 1985; 3:1055-1085
4. Reves RG, Fragen RJ, Vinik RH, et al: Midazolam: Pharmacology and uses. Anesthesiology 1985; 62:310-324
5. Dunder JW, Halliday NJ, Harper KW, et al: Midazolam: A view of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic use. Drugs 1984; 28:519-543
6. Bacellar BB: The treatment of acute anxiety states in neurotic patients with intravenous lorazepam. A placebo-controlled study. Curr Med Res Opin 1975; 3:16-21
7. Bobon J, Bourdouxhe S, Breulet M, et al: Pilot clinical trial of parenteral lorazepam (Temesta®) in anxiety states. Psychopharmacologia 1973; 33:377-384
8. Knaus WA, Draper EA, Wagner DP, et al: APACHE II: A severity of disease classification system. Crit Care Med 1985; 13:818-829
9. Wang DY: Assessment of sedation in the ICU. Intensive Care World 1993; 10:193-196
10. Kortilla K, Aromaa U: Venous complications after intravenous injection of diazepam, flunitrazepam, iminopenthone and etomidate. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 1980; 24:227-230
11. Greenblatt DJ, Allen MD, Harmantz JS, et al: Diazepam disposition determinants. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1980; 27:201-312
12. Sung YF, Weinstein MS, Hammonds WD, et al: Comparison of midazolam and thiopental for anesthesia induction. Anesthesiology 1982; 57:A346
13. Barber R, Hobles A, Murno IA, et al: Midazolam as an intravenous induction agent for general anesthesia; a clinical trial. Anaesth Intensive Care 1982; 10:29-35
14. Reeves RJ, Samuelson PN, Vinik MR: Midazolam, new pharmacologic vistas in anesthesia. Brown BR Jr, Blitt CD, Giesecki AH (Eds). Philadelphia, Davis, 1983, pp 147-162
15. McClure JH, Brown DT, Wildsmith JAN: Comparison of the iv administration of midazolam and diazepam as sedation during spinal anaesthesia. Br J Anaesth 1983; 55:1089-1093
16. Driessen JJ, Booij LH, Vree TB, et al: Midazolam as a sedative in regional anaesthesia. Arzneimittelforschung 1981; 31:2234-2243
17. Allonen H, Ziegler G, Klotz U: Midazolam kinetics. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1981; 30:635-661
18. Reves JG: Benzodiazapines, pharmacokinetics of anesthesia. Prys-Roberts C, Hugg CC Jr (Eds). Oxford, Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1984, pp 157-186
19. Greenblatt DJ, Shader RI, Abernethy DR: Current status of benzodiazepines (first of two parts). N Engl J Med 1983; 309:354-358
20. Dundee JW, Halliday NJ, Longhram PG: Age and sex influencing the onset of action of intravenous midazolam. Ir J Med Sci 1984; 153:225-226
21. Muller H, Schleuassner E, Stoyanov M: Hamodinamische Wirkungen and Charakteristiken der Narkoseneinleitung mit midazolam. Arzneimeittelforschung 1981; 31:2227-2232
22. Schulte-Sasse U, Hess W, Tarnow J: Haemodynamic responses to induction of anaesthesia using midazolam in cardiac surgical patients. Br J Anaesth 1982; 54:1053-1058
23. Gelb A, Southhorn P, Rehder K, et al: Sedation and respiration mechanisms in man. Br J Anaesth 1983; 55:809-815
24. Gross JB, Febrowski ME, Carel WD, et al: Time course of ventilatory depression after thiopenthal and midazolam in normal subjects and in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Anesthesiology 1983; 58:540-544
25. Caldwell CB, Gross GB: Physostigmine reversal of midazolam induced sedation. Anesthetics 1982; 57:125-127
26. Halliday NJ, Dundee JW, Collier PS, et al: Influence of plasma proteins on the onset of hypnotic action of intravenous midazolam. Anaesthesia 1985; 40:763-766
27. Southhorn P, Rehder K, Didier EP: Midazolam sedation and respiratory mechanisms in man. Abstr. Anesthesiology 1981; 55:A367
28. Karts J, Aaltoven L, Erkhola R, et al: Pharmacokinetics and sedative effects of midazolam in connection with caesarean section performed under epidural analgesia. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 1984; 28:116-118
29. Glisson SN, Haddad W, Kubak MA, et al: Midazolam action on catecholamine, cortisol and renin responses to surgical stress in dogs. Anesthesiology 1983; 59:A239
30. Ameer B, Greenblatt DJ: Lorazepam: A review of its clinical pharmacological properties and therapeutic uses. Drugs 1981; 21:162-200
31. Schwander D, Sansano C: Cardiovascular changes during intubation with midazolam as anesthesia inducing agent. Arzneimittelforschung 1981; 31:2255-2260
32. Greenblatt DJ, Shader RI, Franke K, et al: Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of intravenous, intramuscular, and oral lorazepam in humans. J Pharm Sci 1979; 68:57-63
33. Greenblatt DJ, Schillings RT, Kyriakopoulos AA, et al: Clinical pharmacokinetics of lorazepam. I. Absorption disposition of oral C-lorazepam. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1976; 20:329-341
34. Dodson ME, Yousseff Y, Maddison S, et al: Respiratory effects of lorazepam. Br J Anaesth 1976; 48:611-612
35. Knapp RB, Fierro L: Evaluation of the cardiopulmonary safety and effects of lorazepam as a premedicant. Anesth Analg 1974; 53:122-124
36. Amrein R, Hetzel W, Hartmann D, et al: Clinical pharmacology of flumazenil. Eur J Anaesthesiol 1988; 2(Suppl):65-80
37. Mordel A, Winkler E, Almong S, et al: Seizures after flumazenil administration in a case of combined benzodiazepine and tricyclic antidepresssant overdose. Crit Care Med 1992; 20:1733-1734
38. Pohlman AS, Simpson KP, Hall JP: Continuous intravenous infusion of lorazepam versus midazolam for sedation during mechanical ventilatory support: A prospective, randomized study. Crit Care Med 1994; 22:1241-1247
39. Hoffmann P, Schockenhoff B, Lierz P: Analgosedierung des beatmeten intensivpatienten. Klin Wochenschr 1991; 69(Suppl XXVI):72-79
40. Crippen DW: Sedation in the ICU: Indications, goals and assessments. New Horizons 1993; 2:13-14
41. Boysen PG: Continuous intravenous infusion vs. bolus doses in postoperative sedation. New Horizons 1993; 2: 14-15
42. Higgins TL, Yared JP, Estafanous FG, et al: Propofol versus midazolam for intensive care unit sedation after coronary artery bypass grafting. Crit Care Med 1994; 22:1415-1423