메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 10, Issue 1, 1996, Pages 54-65

Determinants of cerebral perfusion during cardiopulmonary bypass

Author keywords

cerebral blood flow; cerebral metabolism; hypothermia; microembolization; neurologic outcome; PaCO2 management; rewarming

Indexed keywords

AGING; BRAIN BLOOD FLOW; BRAIN EMBOLISM; BRAIN ISCHEMIA; BRAIN METABOLISM; BRAIN PERFUSION; CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS; HEART PROTECTION; HUMAN; INDUCED HYPOTHERMIA; POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; STROKE; SURGICAL RISK;

EID: 0030049494     PISSN: 10530770     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S1053-0770(96)80179-0     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (39)

References (142)
  • 1
    • 0024319145 scopus 로고
    • An analysis of factors predisposing to neurological injury in patients undergoing coronary bypass operations
    • Shaw PJ Bates D Cartlidge NEF An analysis of factors predisposing to neurological injury in patients undergoing coronary bypass operations Q J Med 267 1989 633 646
    • (1989) Q J Med , vol.267 , pp. 633-646
    • Shaw, PJ1    Bates, D2    Cartlidge, NEF3
  • 2
    • 0008361437 scopus 로고
    • Left ventricular thrombi seen by ventriculography are a significant risk factor for stroke in open-heart surgery
    • Breuer AC Franco I Marzewski D Left ventricular thrombi seen by ventriculography are a significant risk factor for stroke in open-heart surgery Ann Neurol 10 1981 103 104
    • (1981) Ann Neurol , vol.10 , pp. 103-104
    • Breuer, AC1    Franco, I2    Marzewski, D3
  • 3
    • 0017157526 scopus 로고
    • Physiology of cerebral blood flow
    • Lassen NA Christensen MS Physiology of cerebral blood flow Br J Anaesth 48 1976 719 734
    • (1976) Br J Anaesth , vol.48 , pp. 719-734
    • Lassen, NA1    Christensen, MS2
  • 4
    • 0015913133 scopus 로고
    • Autoregulation of brain circulation in severe arterial hypertension
    • Strandgaard S Olesen J Skinhoj E Autoregulation of brain circulation in severe arterial hypertension Br Med J 1 1973 507 510
    • (1973) Br Med J , vol.1 , pp. 507-510
    • Strandgaard, S1    Olesen, J2    Skinhoj, E3
  • 5
    • 0025682998 scopus 로고
    • Cerebral blood flow in the elderly: Impact of hypertension and antihypertensive treatment
    • Strandgaard S Cerebral blood flow in the elderly: Impact of hypertension and antihypertensive treatment Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 4 1991 1217 1221
    • (1991) Cardiovasc Drugs Ther , vol.4 , pp. 1217-1221
    • Strandgaard, S1
  • 6
    • 0017277476 scopus 로고
    • Autoregulation of cerebral blood flow in hypertensive patients: The modifying influence of prolonged antihypertensive treatment on the tolerance to acute, drug-induced hypotension
    • Strandgaard S Autoregulation of cerebral blood flow in hypertensive patients: The modifying influence of prolonged antihypertensive treatment on the tolerance to acute, drug-induced hypotension Circulation 53 1976 720 727
    • (1976) Circulation , vol.53 , pp. 720-727
    • Strandgaard, S1
  • 7
    • 4244157756 scopus 로고
    • pH management during prolonged hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass significantly influences the incidence of postoperative neuropsy-chological dysfunction
    • Murkin JM Martzke JS Buchan AM Bentley C pH management during prolonged hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass significantly influences the incidence of postoperative neuropsy-chological dysfunction Can J Anaesth A46 1995
    • (1995) Can J Anaesth , vol.A46
    • Murkin, JM1    Martzke, JS2    Buchan, AM3    Bentley, C4
  • 8
    • 0025147249 scopus 로고
    • Diabetic patients have abnormal cerebral autoregulation during cardiopulmonary bypass
    • Croughwell N Lyth M Quill TJ Diabetic patients have abnormal cerebral autoregulation during cardiopulmonary bypass Circulation 82 suppl 4 1990 IV
    • (1990) Circulation , vol.82 , Issue.suppl 4 , pp. IV
    • Croughwell, N1    Lyth, M2    Quill, TJ3
  • 9
    • 0025907992 scopus 로고
    • Cardiopulmonary perfusion and cerebral blood flow in bilateral carotid artery disease
    • Johnsson P Algotsson L Ryding E Cardiopulmonary perfusion and cerebral blood flow in bilateral carotid artery disease Ann Thorac Surg 51 1991 579 584
    • (1991) Ann Thorac Surg , vol.51 , pp. 579-584
    • Johnsson, P1    Algotsson, L2    Ryding, E3
  • 10
    • 0019965841 scopus 로고
    • Etiologic factors in neuropsychiatric complications associated with cardiopulmonary bypass
    • Slogoff S Girgis KZ Keats AS Etiologic factors in neuropsychiatric complications associated with cardiopulmonary bypass Anesth Analg 61 1982 903 911
    • (1982) Anesth Analg , vol.61 , pp. 903-911
    • Slogoff, S1    Girgis, KZ2    Keats, AS3
  • 11
    • 0022523125 scopus 로고
    • Long-term cerebral outcome after open-heart surgery: A five-year neuropsy-chological follow-up study
    • Sotaniemi KA Mononen H Hokkanen TE Long-term cerebral outcome after open-heart surgery: A five-year neuropsy-chological follow-up study Stroke 17 1986 410 416
    • (1986) Stroke , vol.17 , pp. 410-416
    • Sotaniemi, KA1    Mononen, H2    Hokkanen, TE3
  • 12
    • 0027427158 scopus 로고
    • Cerebral injury and cardiac operations
    • Mills SA Cerebral injury and cardiac operations Ann Thorac Surg 56 1993 S86 S91
    • (1993) Ann Thorac Surg , vol.56 , pp. S86-S91
    • Mills, SA1
  • 13
    • 0026676206 scopus 로고
    • Differential effects of advanced age on neurologic and cardiac risks of coronary artery operations
    • Tuman KJ McCarthy RJ Najafi H Differential effects of advanced age on neurologic and cardiac risks of coronary artery operations J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 104 1992 1510 1517
    • (1992) J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg , vol.104 , pp. 1510-1517
    • Tuman, KJ1    McCarthy, RJ2    Najafi, H3
  • 14
    • 0025056547 scopus 로고
    • Cerebral blood flow, blood volume and oxygen utilization: normal values and effect of age
    • Leenders KL Perani D Lammertsma AA Cerebral blood flow, blood volume and oxygen utilization: normal values and effect of age Brain 113 1990 27 47
    • (1990) Brain , vol.113 , pp. 27-47
    • Leenders, KL1    Perani, D2    Lammertsma, AA3
  • 15
    • 0021262234 scopus 로고
    • Cerebral autoregulation
    • Strandgaard S Paulson OB Cerebral autoregulation Stroke 15 1984 413 416
    • (1984) Stroke , vol.15 , pp. 413-416
    • Strandgaard, S1    Paulson, OB2
  • 16
    • 0022501567 scopus 로고
    • Response of cerebral blood flow to changes in carbon dioxide tension during hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass
    • Prough DS Stump DA Roy RC Response of cerebral blood flow to changes in carbon dioxide tension during hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass Anesthesiology 64 1986 576 581
    • (1986) Anesthesiology , vol.64 , pp. 576-581
    • Prough, DS1    Stump, DA2    Roy, RC3
  • 17
    • 0013955695 scopus 로고
    • Cerebral blood flow in man during extracorporeal circulation
    • Wollman H Stephen GW Clement AJ Cerebral blood flow in man during extracorporeal circulation J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 52 1966 558 564
    • (1966) J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg , vol.52 , pp. 558-564
    • Wollman, H1    Stephen, GW2    Clement, AJ3
  • 18
    • 0025195906 scopus 로고
    • Autoregulation and the CO2 responsiveness of cerebral blood flow after cardiopulmonary bypass
    • 2 responsiveness of cerebral blood flow after cardiopulmonary bypass Can J Anaesth 37 1990 313 317
    • (1990) Can J Anaesth , vol.37 , pp. 313-317
    • McNeill, BR1    Murkin, JM2    Farrar, JK3
  • 19
    • 0024817163 scopus 로고
    • Cerebral vasoreactivity to carbon dioxide during cardiopulmonary perfusion at normothermia and hypothermia
    • Johnsson P Messeter K Ryding E Cerebral vasoreactivity to carbon dioxide during cardiopulmonary perfusion at normothermia and hypothermia Ann Thorac Surg 48 1989 769 775
    • (1989) Ann Thorac Surg , vol.48 , pp. 769-775
    • Johnsson, P1    Messeter, K2    Ryding, E3
  • 20
    • 0023621509 scopus 로고
    • Cerebral autoregulation and flow/metabolism coupling during cardiopulmonary bypass: The influence of PaCO2
    • 2 Anesth Analg 66 1987 825 832
    • (1987) Anesth Analg , vol.66 , pp. 825-832
    • Murkin, JM1    Farrar, JK2    Tweed, WA3
  • 21
    • 0026438355 scopus 로고
    • Effect of differing acid-base regulation on cerebral blood flow autoregulation during cardiopulmonary bypass
    • Patel RL Turtle MRJ Chambers DJ Effect of differing acid-base regulation on cerebral blood flow autoregulation during cardiopulmonary bypass Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 6 1992 302 307
    • (1992) Eur J Cardiothorac Surg , vol.6 , pp. 302-307
    • Patel, RL1    Turtle, MRJ2    Chambers, DJ3
  • 22
    • 0027178615 scopus 로고
    • Hypothermic acid-base management does not affect cerebral metabolic rate for oxygen at 27°C
    • Hindman BJ Dexter F Cutkomp J Hypothermic acid-base management does not affect cerebral metabolic rate for oxygen at 27°C Anesthesiology 79 1993 580 587
    • (1993) Anesthesiology , vol.79 , pp. 580-587
    • Hindman, BJ1    Dexter, F2    Cutkomp, J3
  • 23
    • 0026690305 scopus 로고
    • Acid-base management during hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass does not affect cerebral metabolism but does affect blood flow and neurological outcome
    • Stephan H Weyland A Kazmaier S Acid-base management during hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass does not affect cerebral metabolism but does affect blood flow and neurological outcome Br J Anaesth 69 1992 51 57
    • (1992) Br J Anaesth , vol.69 , pp. 51-57
    • Stephan, H1    Weyland, A2    Kazmaier, S3
  • 24
    • 0023813238 scopus 로고
    • Response of cerebral blood flow to phenylephrine infusion during hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass: Influence of PaCO2 management
    • 2 management Anesthesiology 69 1988 547 551
    • (1988) Anesthesiology , vol.69 , pp. 547-551
    • Rogers, AT1    Stump, DA2    Gravlee, GP3
  • 25
    • 0024445305 scopus 로고
    • Effects of cardiopulmonary bypass on cerebral blood flow in neonates, infants, and children
    • Greeley WJ Ungerleider RM Kern FH Effects of cardiopulmonary bypass on cerebral blood flow in neonates, infants, and children Circulation 80 1989 I
    • (1989) Circulation , vol.80 , pp. I
    • Greeley, WJ1    Ungerleider, RM2    Kern, FH3
  • 26
    • 0025832991 scopus 로고
    • Cerebral blood flow response to changes in arterial carbon dioxide tension during hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass in children
    • Kern FH Ungerleider RM Quill TJ Cerebral blood flow response to changes in arterial carbon dioxide tension during hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass in children J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 101 1991 618 622
    • (1991) J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg , vol.101 , pp. 618-622
    • Kern, FH1    Ungerleider, RM2    Quill, TJ3
  • 27
    • 0025139751 scopus 로고
    • A randomized study of carbon dioxide management during hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass
    • Bashein G Townes BD Nessly ML A randomized study of carbon dioxide management during hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass Anesthesiology 72 1990 7 15
    • (1990) Anesthesiology , vol.72 , pp. 7-15
    • Bashein, G1    Townes, BD2    Nessly, ML3
  • 28
    • 0027347091 scopus 로고
    • Hyperfusion and cerebral dysfunction: effect of differing acid-base management during cardiopulmonary bypass
    • Patel RL Turtle MRJ Chambers DJ Hyperfusion and cerebral dysfunction: effect of differing acid-base management during cardiopulmonary bypass Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 7 1993 457 464
    • (1993) Eur J Cardiothorac Surg , vol.7 , pp. 457-464
    • Patel, RL1    Turtle, MRJ2    Chambers, DJ3
  • 29
    • 0025833574 scopus 로고
    • The effect of hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass and total circulatory arrest on cerebral metabolism in neonates, infants, and children
    • Greeley WJ Kern FH Ungerleider RM The effect of hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass and total circulatory arrest on cerebral metabolism in neonates, infants, and children J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 101 1991 783 794
    • (1991) J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg , vol.101 , pp. 783-794
    • Greeley, WJ1    Kern, FH2    Ungerleider, RM3
  • 30
    • 0026546571 scopus 로고
    • The effect of temperature on cerebral metabolism and blood flow in adults during cardiopulmonary bypass
    • Croughwell N Smith LR Quill T The effect of temperature on cerebral metabolism and blood flow in adults during cardiopulmonary bypass J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 103 1992 549 554
    • (1992) J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg , vol.103 , pp. 549-554
    • Croughwell, N1    Smith, LR2    Quill, T3
  • 31
    • 0025982983 scopus 로고
    • The relationship among canine brain temperature, metabolism, and function during hypothermia
    • Michenfelder JD Milde JH The relationship among canine brain temperature, metabolism, and function during hypothermia Anesthesiology 75 1991 130 136
    • (1991) Anesthesiology , vol.75 , pp. 130-136
    • Michenfelder, JD1    Milde, JH2
  • 32
    • 0021714518 scopus 로고
    • Factors and their influence on regional cerebral blood flow during nonpulsatile cardiopulmonary bypass
    • Govier AV Reves JG McKay RD Factors and their influence on regional cerebral blood flow during nonpulsatile cardiopulmonary bypass Ann Thorac Surg 38 1984 592 600
    • (1984) Ann Thorac Surg , vol.38 , pp. 592-600
    • Govier, AV1    Reves, JG2    McKay, RD3
  • 33
    • 0016329623 scopus 로고
    • Oxygen consumption during cardiopulmonary bypass in the uniformly cooled dog
    • Kent B Pierce EC II Oxygen consumption during cardiopulmonary bypass in the uniformly cooled dog J Appl Physiol 37 1974 917 922
    • (1974) J Appl Physiol , vol.37 , pp. 917-922
    • Kent, B1    Pierce, EC2
  • 34
    • 0003658831 scopus 로고
    • Anesthesia and the brain
    • Michenfelder JD Anesthesia and the brain 1988 Churchill Livingstone New York
    • (1988)
    • Michenfelder, JD1
  • 35
    • 0027336335 scopus 로고
    • Superior cerebral protection with profound hypothermia during iriculatory arrest
    • Gillinov AM Redmond JM Zehr KJ Superior cerebral protection with profound hypothermia during iriculatory arrest Ann Thorac Surg 55 1993 1432 1439
    • (1993) Ann Thorac Surg , vol.55 , pp. 1432-1439
    • Gillinov, AM1    Redmond, JM2    Zehr, KJ3
  • 36
    • 76549208357 scopus 로고
    • Hypothermia: Its possible role in cardiac surgery in an investigation of factors governing survival in dogs at low body temperatures
    • Bigelow WG Kindsay WK Greenwood WF Hypothermia: Its possible role in cardiac surgery in an investigation of factors governing survival in dogs at low body temperatures Ann Surg 132 1950 849 866
    • (1950) Ann Surg , vol.132 , pp. 849-866
    • Bigelow, WG1    Kindsay, WK2    Greenwood, WF3
  • 37
    • 0018594069 scopus 로고
    • Hypothermic circulatory arrest: 31-phosphorus nuclear magnetic resonance of isolated perfused neonatal rat brain
    • Norwood WI Norwood CR Ingwall JS Hypothermic circulatory arrest: 31-phosphorus nuclear magnetic resonance of isolated perfused neonatal rat brain J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 78 1979 823 830
    • (1979) J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg , vol.78 , pp. 823-830
    • Norwood, WI1    Norwood, CR2    Ingwall, JS3
  • 38
    • 0014349287 scopus 로고
    • The effect of profound hypothermia on preservation of cerebral ATP content during circulatory arrest
    • Kramer RS Sanders AP Lesage AM The effect of profound hypothermia on preservation of cerebral ATP content during circulatory arrest J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 56 1968 699 709
    • (1968) J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg , vol.56 , pp. 699-709
    • Kramer, RS1    Sanders, AP2    Lesage, AM3
  • 39
    • 0026916772 scopus 로고
    • Therapeutic modulation of brain temperature: relevance to ischemic brain injury
    • Ginsberg MD Sternau LL Globus MY Therapeutic modulation of brain temperature: relevance to ischemic brain injury Cerebrovasc Brain Metab Rev 4 1992 189 225
    • (1992) Cerebrovasc Brain Metab Rev , vol.4 , pp. 189-225
    • Ginsberg, MD1    Sternau, LL2    Globus, MY3
  • 40
    • 0016295479 scopus 로고
    • The interdependency of cerebral functional and metabolic effects following massive doses of thiopental in the dog
    • Michenfelder JD The interdependency of cerebral functional and metabolic effects following massive doses of thiopental in the dog Anesthesiology 41 1974 231 236
    • (1974) Anesthesiology , vol.41 , pp. 231-236
    • Michenfelder, JD1
  • 41
    • 0026594397 scopus 로고
    • Cerebral pressure-flow velocity relationship during hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass in neonates and infants
    • Taylor RH Burrow FA Bissonnette B Cerebral pressure-flow velocity relationship during hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass in neonates and infants Anesth Analg 74 1992 636 642
    • (1992) Anesth Analg , vol.74 , pp. 636-642
    • Taylor, RH1    Burrow, FA2    Bissonnette, B3
  • 42
    • 0027285145 scopus 로고
    • Temperature modulation of ischemic brain injury — A synthesis of recent advances
    • Ginsberg MD Globus MY Dietrich WD Temperature modulation of ischemic brain injury — A synthesis of recent advances Prog Brain Res 96 1993 13 22
    • (1993) Prog Brain Res , vol.96 , pp. 13-22
    • Ginsberg, MD1    Globus, MY2    Dietrich, WD3
  • 43
    • 0027231815 scopus 로고
    • Heating of the brain to maintain normothermia during ischemia aggravates brain injury in the rat
    • Miyazawa T Bonnekoh P Widmann R Heating of the brain to maintain normothermia during ischemia aggravates brain injury in the rat Acta Neuropathol 85 1993 488 494
    • (1993) Acta Neuropathol , vol.85 , pp. 488-494
    • Miyazawa, T1    Bonnekoh, P2    Widmann, R3
  • 44
    • 0028300411 scopus 로고
    • A prospective, randomized comparison of cerebral venous oxygen saturation during normothermic and hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass
    • Cook DJ Oliver WC Jr. Orszulak TA A prospective, randomized comparison of cerebral venous oxygen saturation during normothermic and hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 107 1994 1020 1029
    • (1994) J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg , vol.107 , pp. 1020-1029
    • Cook, DJ1    Oliver, WC2    Orszulak, TA3
  • 45
    • 0026634651 scopus 로고
    • Warming during cardiopulmonary bypass is associated with jugular bulb desaturation
    • Croughwell ND Frasco P Blumenthal JA Warming during cardiopulmonary bypass is associated with jugular bulb desaturation Ann Thorac Surg 53 1992 827 832
    • (1992) Ann Thorac Surg , vol.53 , pp. 827-832
    • Croughwell, ND1    Frasco, P2    Blumenthal, JA3
  • 46
    • 0026448814 scopus 로고
    • Cerebral blood flow and metabolism in hypothermic circulatory arrest
    • Mezrow CK Sadeghi AM Gandsas A Cerebral blood flow and metabolism in hypothermic circulatory arrest Ann Thorac Surg 54 1992 609 616
    • (1992) Ann Thorac Surg , vol.54 , pp. 609-616
    • Mezrow, CK1    Sadeghi, AM2    Gandsas, A3
  • 47
    • 0026747809 scopus 로고
    • Effects of temperature and flow rate on regional blood flow and metabolism during cardiopulmonary bypass
    • Lazenby WD Ko W Zelano JA Effects of temperature and flow rate on regional blood flow and metabolism during cardiopulmonary bypass Ann Thorac Surg 53 1992 957 964
    • (1992) Ann Thorac Surg , vol.53 , pp. 957-964
    • Lazenby, WD1    Ko, W2    Zelano, JA3
  • 48
    • 0026632728 scopus 로고
    • Brain blood flow and metabolism do not decrease at stable brain temperature during cardiopulmonary bypass in rabbits
    • Hindman BJ Dexter F Cutkomp J Brain blood flow and metabolism do not decrease at stable brain temperature during cardiopulmonary bypass in rabbits Anesthesiology 77 1992 342 350
    • (1992) Anesthesiology , vol.77 , pp. 342-350
    • Hindman, BJ1    Dexter, F2    Cutkomp, J3
  • 49
    • 0028885317 scopus 로고
    • Do standard monitoring sites reflect true brain temperature when profound hypothermia is rapidly induced and reversed?
    • Stone JG Young WL Smith CR Do standard monitoring sites reflect true brain temperature when profound hypothermia is rapidly induced and reversed? Anesthesiology 82 1995 344 351
    • (1995) Anesthesiology , vol.82 , pp. 344-351
    • Stone, JG1    Young, WL2    Smith, CR3
  • 50
    • 0027770921 scopus 로고
    • Effect of deep hypothermia and circulatory arrest on cerebral blood flow and metabolism
    • Greeley WJ Kern FH Melioner JN Effect of deep hypothermia and circulatory arrest on cerebral blood flow and metabolism Ann Thorac Surg 56 1993 1464 1466
    • (1993) Ann Thorac Surg , vol.56 , pp. 1464-1466
    • Greeley, WJ1    Kern, FH2    Melioner, JN3
  • 51
    • 4244164682 scopus 로고
    • Phenylephrine increases aortic pressure but not regional perfusion during porcine bypass
    • O'Dwyer C Lin C Woodson LC Johnston WE Phenylephrine increases aortic pressure but not regional perfusion during porcine bypass Anesth Analg 80 1995 SCA71
    • (1995) Anesth Analg , vol.80 , pp. SCA71
    • O'Dwyer, C1    Lin, C2    Woodson, LC3    Johnston, WE4
  • 52
    • 0024809029 scopus 로고
    • Cerebral blood flow during cardiopulmonary bypass: Some new answers to old questions
    • Reves JG Greeley WJ Cerebral blood flow during cardiopulmonary bypass: Some new answers to old questions Ann Thorac Surg 48 1989 752 754
    • (1989) Ann Thorac Surg , vol.48 , pp. 752-754
    • Reves, JG1    Greeley, WJ2
  • 53
    • 0023140215 scopus 로고
    • The effect of low-flow cardiopulmonary bypass on cerebral function: An experimental and clinical study
    • Rebeyka IM Coles JG Wilson GJ The effect of low-flow cardiopulmonary bypass on cerebral function: An experimental and clinical study Ann Thorac Surg 43 1987 391 396
    • (1987) Ann Thorac Surg , vol.43 , pp. 391-396
    • Rebeyka, IM1    Coles, JG2    Wilson, GJ3
  • 54
    • 0023881144 scopus 로고
    • Cerebral autoregulation during deep hypothermic nonpulsatile cardiopulmonary bypass with selective cerebral perfusion in dogs
    • Tanaka J Shiki K Asou T Cerebral autoregulation during deep hypothermic nonpulsatile cardiopulmonary bypass with selective cerebral perfusion in dogs J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 95 1988 124 132
    • (1988) J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg , vol.95 , pp. 124-132
    • Tanaka, J1    Shiki, K2    Asou, T3
  • 55
    • 0020053382 scopus 로고
    • Relationship of whole body oxygen consumption to perfusion flow rate during hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass
    • Fox LS Blackstone EH Kirklin JW Relationship of whole body oxygen consumption to perfusion flow rate during hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 83 1982 239 249
    • (1982) J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg , vol.83 , pp. 239-249
    • Fox, LS1    Blackstone, EH2    Kirklin, JW3
  • 56
    • 0021280403 scopus 로고
    • Relationship of brain blood flow and oxygen consumption to perfusion flow rate during profoundly hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass: An experimental study
    • Fox LS Blackstone EH Kirklin JW Relationship of brain blood flow and oxygen consumption to perfusion flow rate during profoundly hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass: An experimental study J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 87 1984 658 664
    • (1984) J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg , vol.87 , pp. 658-664
    • Fox, LS1    Blackstone, EH2    Kirklin, JW3
  • 57
    • 0024512978 scopus 로고
    • A clinical study of cerebral circulation during extracorporeal circulation
    • Soma Y Hirotani T Yozu R A clinical study of cerebral circulation during extracorporeal circulation J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 97 1989 187 193
    • (1989) J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg , vol.97 , pp. 187-193
    • Soma, Y1    Hirotani, T2    Yozu, R3
  • 58
    • 0025880706 scopus 로고
    • Cerebral perfusion during canine hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass: Effect of arterial carbon dioxide tension
    • Johnston WE Vinten-Johansen J DeWitt DS Cerebral perfusion during canine hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass: Effect of arterial carbon dioxide tension Ann Thorac Surg 52 1991 479 489
    • (1991) Ann Thorac Surg , vol.52 , pp. 479-489
    • Johnston, WE1    Vinten-Johansen, J2    DeWitt, DS3
  • 59
    • 0025812833 scopus 로고
    • Differences in cerebral blood flow between alpha-stat and pH-stat management are eliminated during periods of decreased systemic flow and pressure: A study during cardiopulmonary bypass in rabbits
    • Hindman BJ Funatsu N Harrington J Differences in cerebral blood flow between alpha-stat and pH-stat management are eliminated during periods of decreased systemic flow and pressure: A study during cardiopulmonary bypass in rabbits Anesthesiology 74 1991 1096 1102
    • (1991) Anesthesiology , vol.74 , pp. 1096-1102
    • Hindman, BJ1    Funatsu, N2    Harrington, J3
  • 60
    • 0023108093 scopus 로고
    • Hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass: A comparison between alpha and pH stat regulation in the dog
    • Bove EL West HL Paskanik AM Hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass: A comparison between alpha and pH stat regulation in the dog J Surg Res 42 1987 66 73
    • (1987) J Surg Res , vol.42 , pp. 66-73
    • Bove, EL1    West, HL2    Paskanik, AM3
  • 61
    • 0015341493 scopus 로고
    • Brain damage in dogs immediately following pulsatile and non-pulsatile blood flows in extracorporeal circulation
    • Sanderson JM Wright G Sims FW Brain damage in dogs immediately following pulsatile and non-pulsatile blood flows in extracorporeal circulation Thorax 27 1972 275 286
    • (1972) Thorax , vol.27 , pp. 275-286
    • Sanderson, JM1    Wright, G2    Sims, FW3
  • 62
    • 0027368021 scopus 로고
    • Pulsatile versus nonpulsatile reperfusion improves cerebral blood flow after cardiac arrest
    • Anstadt MP Tedder M Hegde SS Pulsatile versus nonpulsatile reperfusion improves cerebral blood flow after cardiac arrest Ann Thorac Surg 56 1993 453 461
    • (1993) Ann Thorac Surg , vol.56 , pp. 453-461
    • Anstadt, MP1    Tedder, M2    Hegde, SS3
  • 63
    • 0015009153 scopus 로고
    • Effects of pulsatile and non-pulsatile perfusion upon cerebral and conjunctival microcirculation in dogs
    • Matsumoto T Wolferth CC Jr. Perlman MH Effects of pulsatile and non-pulsatile perfusion upon cerebral and conjunctival microcirculation in dogs Am Surg 37 1971 61 64
    • (1971) Am Surg , vol.37 , pp. 61-64
    • Matsumoto, T1    Wolferth, CC2    Perlman, MH3
  • 64
    • 0015495957 scopus 로고
    • Pulsatile blood flow
    • Milnor WR Pulsatile blood flow N Engl J Med 287 1972 27 34
    • (1972) N Engl J Med , vol.287 , pp. 27-34
    • Milnor, WR1
  • 65
    • 0014607106 scopus 로고
    • Relation of pulsatile flow to oxygen consumption and other variables during cardiopulmonary bypass
    • Shephard RB kirklin JW Relation of pulsatile flow to oxygen consumption and other variables during cardiopulmonary bypass J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 58 1969 694 702
    • (1969) J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg , vol.58 , pp. 694-702
    • Shephard, RB1    kirklin, JW2
  • 66
    • 85113082060 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Johnston WE, Jenkins LW, Lin C, et al: Cerebral metabolic consequences of hypotensive challenges in hemodiluted pigs with and without cardiopulmonary bypass. Anesth Analg(in press)
  • 67
    • 0025111035 scopus 로고
    • Brain tissue pH, oxygen tension, and carbon dioxide tension in profoundly hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass: Pulsatile assistance for circulatory arrest, low-flow perfusion, and moderate-flow perfusion
    • Watanabe T Miura M Orita H Brain tissue pH, oxygen tension, and carbon dioxide tension in profoundly hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass: Pulsatile assistance for circulatory arrest, low-flow perfusion, and moderate-flow perfusion J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 100 1990 274 280
    • (1990) J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg , vol.100 , pp. 274-280
    • Watanabe, T1    Miura, M2    Orita, H3
  • 68
    • 0024557011 scopus 로고
    • Brain tissue pH, oxygen tension, and carbon dioxide tension in profoundly hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass: Comparative study of circulatory arrest, nonpulsatile low-flow perfusion, and pulsatile low-flow perfusion
    • Watanabe T Orita H Kobayashi M Brain tissue pH, oxygen tension, and carbon dioxide tension in profoundly hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass: Comparative study of circulatory arrest, nonpulsatile low-flow perfusion, and pulsatile low-flow perfusion J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 97 1989 396 401
    • (1989) J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg , vol.97 , pp. 396-401
    • Watanabe, T1    Orita, H2    Kobayashi, M3
  • 69
    • 0022981257 scopus 로고
    • Pulsatile versus nonpulsatile blood flow in the treatment of acute cerebral ischemia
    • Tranmer BI Gross CE Kindt GW Pulsatile versus nonpulsatile blood flow in the treatment of acute cerebral ischemia Neurosurgery 19 1986 724 731
    • (1986) Neurosurgery , vol.19 , pp. 724-731
    • Tranmer, BI1    Gross, CE2    Kindt, GW3
  • 70
    • 0028358860 scopus 로고
    • The effect of pulsatile perfusion on cerebral blood flow during profound hypothermia with total circulatory arrest
    • Onoe M Mori A Watarida S The effect of pulsatile perfusion on cerebral blood flow during profound hypothermia with total circulatory arrest J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 108 1994 119 125
    • (1994) J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg , vol.108 , pp. 119-125
    • Onoe, M1    Mori, A2    Watarida, S3
  • 71
    • 0025468789 scopus 로고
    • A clinical study of cerebral perfusion during pulsatile and nonpulsatile cardiopulmonary bypass
    • Kono M Orita H Shimanuki T A clinical study of cerebral perfusion during pulsatile and nonpulsatile cardiopulmonary bypass Nippon Geka Gakkai Zasshi (J Jpn Surg Soc) 91 1990 1016 1022
    • (1990) Nippon Geka Gakkai Zasshi (J Jpn Surg Soc) , vol.91 , pp. 1016-1022
    • Kono, M1    Orita, H2    Shimanuki, T3
  • 72
    • 0021023824 scopus 로고
    • Pulsatile and nonpulsatile cardiopulmonary bypass: Review of a counterproductive controversy
    • Hickey PR Buckley MJ Philbin DM Pulsatile and nonpulsatile cardiopulmonary bypass: Review of a counterproductive controversy Ann Thorac Surg 36 1983 720 737
    • (1983) Ann Thorac Surg , vol.36 , pp. 720-737
    • Hickey, PR1    Buckley, MJ2    Philbin, DM3
  • 73
    • 0017142288 scopus 로고
    • Continuous detection of microemboli during cardiopulmonary bypass in animals and man
    • Clark RE Dietz DR Miller JG Continuous detection of microemboli during cardiopulmonary bypass in animals and man Circulation 54 1976 III
    • (1976) Circulation , vol.54 , pp. III
    • Clark, RE1    Dietz, DR2    Miller, JG3
  • 74
    • 0026108930 scopus 로고
    • Validity and reliability of an ultrasound device for detecting carotid emboli
    • Stump DA Stein CS Tegeler CH Validity and reliability of an ultrasound device for detecting carotid emboli J Neuroimaging 1 1991 18 22
    • (1991) J Neuroimaging , vol.1 , pp. 18-22
    • Stump, DA1    Stein, CS2    Tegeler, CH3
  • 75
    • 0023941170 scopus 로고
    • Cerebral microembolism during cardiopulmonary bypass: retinal microvascular studies in vivo with fluorescein angiography
    • Blauth CI Arnold JV Schulenberg WE Cerebral microembolism during cardiopulmonary bypass: retinal microvascular studies in vivo with fluorescein angiography J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 95 1988 668 676
    • (1988) J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg , vol.95 , pp. 668-676
    • Blauth, CI1    Arnold, JV2    Schulenberg, WE3
  • 76
    • 0024797105 scopus 로고
    • Retinal microembolism and neuropsychological deficit following clinical cardiopulmonary bypass: Comparison of a membrane and a bubble oxygenator
    • Blauth C Smith P Newman S Retinal microembolism and neuropsychological deficit following clinical cardiopulmonary bypass: Comparison of a membrane and a bubble oxygenator Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 3 1989 135 139
    • (1989) Eur J Cardiothorac Surg , vol.3 , pp. 135-139
    • Blauth, C1    Smith, P2    Newman, S3
  • 77
    • 0025110484 scopus 로고
    • Brain microemboli during cardiac surgery or aortography
    • Moody DM Bell MA Challa VR Brain microemboli during cardiac surgery or aortography Ann Neurol 28 1990 477 486
    • (1990) Ann Neurol , vol.28 , pp. 477-486
    • Moody, DM1    Bell, MA2    Challa, VR3
  • 78
    • 0022034062 scopus 로고
    • The bubble oxygenator as a source of gaseous microemboli
    • Yost G The bubble oxygenator as a source of gaseous microemboli Med Instrumen 19 1985 67 69
    • (1985) Med Instrumen , vol.19 , pp. 67-69
    • Yost, G1
  • 79
    • 0028331977 scopus 로고
    • Arterial line filtration projects brain microcirculation during cardiopulmonary bypass in the pig
    • Waaben J Sorensen HR Andersen ULS Arterial line filtration projects brain microcirculation during cardiopulmonary bypass in the pig J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 107 1994 1030 1035
    • (1994) J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg , vol.107 , pp. 1030-1035
    • Waaben, J1    Sorensen, HR2    Andersen, ULS3
  • 80
    • 0020066759 scopus 로고
    • Doppler ultrasound estimation of bubble removal by various arterial line filters during extracorporeal circulation
    • Semb BKH Pedersen T Hatteland K Doppler ultrasound estimation of bubble removal by various arterial line filters during extracorporeal circulation Scand J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 16 1982 55 62
    • (1982) Scand J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg , vol.16 , pp. 55-62
    • Semb, BKH1    Pedersen, T2    Hatteland, K3
  • 81
    • 0018135359 scopus 로고
    • Adequate anticoagulation during cardiopulmonary bypass determined by activated clotting time and the appearance of fibrin monomer
    • Young JA Kisker CT Doty DB Adequate anticoagulation during cardiopulmonary bypass determined by activated clotting time and the appearance of fibrin monomer Ann Thorac Surg 26 1978 231 240
    • (1978) Ann Thorac Surg , vol.26 , pp. 231-240
    • Young, JA1    Kisker, CT2    Doty, DB3
  • 82
    • 84960957937 scopus 로고
    • Experimental cerebral gas embolism
    • Fries C Levowitz D Adler S Experimental cerebral gas embolism Ann Surg 145 1957 461
    • (1957) Ann Surg , vol.145 , pp. 461
    • Fries, C1    Levowitz, D2    Adler, S3
  • 83
    • 0006555166 scopus 로고
    • Effects of intraarterial microbubbles
    • Landew M Bowles LT Gelman S Effects of intraarterial microbubbles Am J Physiol 199 1960 485 490
    • (1960) Am J Physiol , vol.199 , pp. 485-490
    • Landew, M1    Bowles, LT2    Gelman, S3
  • 84
    • 0017033635 scopus 로고
    • Transitory cerebral microvascular blockade after cardiopulmonary bypass
    • Patterson RH Jr Rosenfeld L Porro RS Transitory cerebral microvascular blockade after cardiopulmonary bypass Thorax 31 1976 736 741
    • (1976) Thorax , vol.31 , pp. 736-741
    • Patterson, RH1    Rosenfeld, L2    Porro, RS3
  • 85
    • 0025073178 scopus 로고
    • The effect of gas emboli on rabbit cerebral blood flow
    • Helps SC Parsons DW Reilly PL The effect of gas emboli on rabbit cerebral blood flow Stroke 21 1990 94 99
    • (1990) Stroke , vol.21 , pp. 94-99
    • Helps, SC1    Parsons, DW2    Reilly, PL3
  • 86
    • 0015606577 scopus 로고
    • The ultrastructural morphology of air embolism: platelet adhesion to the interface and endothelial damage
    • Warren BA Philip RB Inwood MJ The ultrastructural morphology of air embolism: platelet adhesion to the interface and endothelial damage Br J Exp Pathol 54 1973 163 172
    • (1973) Br J Exp Pathol , vol.54 , pp. 163-172
    • Warren, BA1    Philip, RB2    Inwood, MJ3
  • 87
    • 0027366409 scopus 로고
    • Significance of gaseous microemboli in the cerebral circulation during cardiopulmonary bypass in dogs
    • Johnston WE Stump DA DeWitt DS Significance of gaseous microemboli in the cerebral circulation during cardiopulmonary bypass in dogs Circulation 88 1993 319 329
    • (1993) Circulation , vol.88 , pp. 319-329
    • Johnston, WE1    Stump, DA2    DeWitt, DS3
  • 88
    • 0028285743 scopus 로고
    • Phenylephrine does not reduce cerebral perfusion during canine cardiopulmonary bypass
    • Johnston WE DeWitt DS Vinten-Johansen J Phenylephrine does not reduce cerebral perfusion during canine cardiopulmonary bypass Anesth Analg 79 1994 14 18
    • (1994) Anesth Analg , vol.79 , pp. 14-18
    • Johnston, WE1    DeWitt, DS2    Vinten-Johansen, J3
  • 89
    • 0027941224 scopus 로고
    • Cardiopulmonary bypass impairs vascular endothelial relaxation: Effects of gaseous microemboli in dogs
    • Feerick AE Johnston WE Steinsland O Cardiopulmonary bypass impairs vascular endothelial relaxation: Effects of gaseous microemboli in dogs Am J Physiol 267 1994 H1174 H1182
    • (1994) Am J Physiol , vol.267 , pp. H1174-H1182
    • Feerick, AE1    Johnston, WE2    Steinsland, O3
  • 90
    • 0022401427 scopus 로고
    • Value of intraoperative left ventricular microbubbles detected by transesophageal two-dimensional echocardiography in predicting neurologic outcome after cardiac operations
    • Topol EJ Humphrey LS Borkon AM Value of intraoperative left ventricular microbubbles detected by transesophageal two-dimensional echocardiography in predicting neurologic outcome after cardiac operations Am J Cardiol 56 1985 773 775
    • (1985) Am J Cardiol , vol.56 , pp. 773-775
    • Topol, EJ1    Humphrey, LS2    Borkon, AM3
  • 91
    • 0020058793 scopus 로고
    • Two-dimensional ultrasound and cardiac operations
    • Spotnitz HM Two-dimensional ultrasound and cardiac operations J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 83 1982 43 51
    • (1982) J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg , vol.83 , pp. 43-51
    • Spotnitz, HM1
  • 92
    • 0020418397 scopus 로고
    • Intraoperative 2-dimensional echocardiography: Ejection of microbubbles from the left ventricle after cardiac surgery
    • Rodigas PC Meyer FJ Haasler GB Intraoperative 2-dimensional echocardiography: Ejection of microbubbles from the left ventricle after cardiac surgery Am J Cardiol 50 1982 1130 1132
    • (1982) Am J Cardiol , vol.50 , pp. 1130-1132
    • Rodigas, PC1    Meyer, FJ2    Haasler, GB3
  • 93
    • 0028838024 scopus 로고
    • Microemboli during coronary artery bypass grafting: genesis and effect on outcome
    • Clark RE Brillman J Davis DA Microemboli during coronary artery bypass grafting: genesis and effect on outcome J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 109 1995 249 258
    • (1995) J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg , vol.109 , pp. 249-258
    • Clark, RE1    Brillman, J2    Davis, DA3
  • 94
    • 0028243135 scopus 로고
    • Magnetic resonance imaging and neuropsychological changes after coronary artery bypass graft surgery: Preliminary findings
    • Toner I Peden CJ Hamid SK Magnetic resonance imaging and neuropsychological changes after coronary artery bypass graft surgery: Preliminary findings J Neurosurg 6 1994 163 169
    • (1994) J Neurosurg , vol.6 , pp. 163-169
    • Toner, I1    Peden, CJ2    Hamid, SK3
  • 95
    • 0020356405 scopus 로고
    • Microemboli observed in deaths following cardiopulmonary bypass surgery: Silicone antifoam agents and polyvinyl chloride tubing as sources of emboli
    • Orenstein JM Sato N Aaron B Microemboli observed in deaths following cardiopulmonary bypass surgery: Silicone antifoam agents and polyvinyl chloride tubing as sources of emboli Hum Pathol 13 1982 1082 1090
    • (1982) Hum Pathol , vol.13 , pp. 1082-1090
    • Orenstein, JM1    Sato, N2    Aaron, B3
  • 96
    • 0015097028 scopus 로고
    • Cerebral blood flow and metabolism during cardiopulmonary bypass: Evidence of microembolic encephalopathy
    • Brennan RW Patterson RH Kessler J Cerebral blood flow and metabolism during cardiopulmonary bypass: Evidence of microembolic encephalopathy Neurology 21 1971 665 672
    • (1971) Neurology , vol.21 , pp. 665-672
    • Brennan, RW1    Patterson, RH2    Kessler, J3
  • 97
    • 0026099832 scopus 로고
    • When do cerebral emboli appear during open heart operations? A transcranial Doppler study
    • van der Linden J Casimir-Ahn H When do cerebral emboli appear during open heart operations? A transcranial Doppler study Ann Thorac Surg 51 1991 237 241
    • (1991) Ann Thorac Surg , vol.51 , pp. 237-241
    • van der Linden, J1    Casimir-Ahn, H2
  • 98
    • 0023224936 scopus 로고
    • Quantitative ultrasonic characterization of the nature of atherosclerotic plaques in human aorta
    • Barzilai B Saffitz JE Miller JG Quantitative ultrasonic characterization of the nature of atherosclerotic plaques in human aorta Circ Res 60 1987 459 463
    • (1987) Circ Res , vol.60 , pp. 459-463
    • Barzilai, B1    Saffitz, JE2    Miller, JG3
  • 99
    • 0022383762 scopus 로고
    • Cerebral effects of isovolemic hemodilution with a hypertonic saline solution
    • Todd MM Tommasinó C Moore S Cerebral effects of isovolemic hemodilution with a hypertonic saline solution J Neurosurg 63 1985 944 948
    • (1985) J Neurosurg , vol.63 , pp. 944-948
    • Todd, MM1    Tommasinó, C2    Moore, S3
  • 100
    • 0024782177 scopus 로고
    • Effect of haemodilution on experimental cerebral ischaemia
    • Yamashita K Kobayashi S Yamaguchi S Effect of haemodilution on experimental cerebral ischaemia Clin Exp Neurol 26 1989 23 31
    • (1989) Clin Exp Neurol , vol.26 , pp. 23-31
    • Yamashita, K1    Kobayashi, S2    Yamaguchi, S3
  • 101
  • 102
    • 0025892140 scopus 로고
    • Cerebral blood flow autoregulation is preserved during cardiopulmonary bypass in isoflurane-anesthetized patients
    • Aladj LJ Croughwell N Smith LR Cerebral blood flow autoregulation is preserved during cardiopulmonary bypass in isoflurane-anesthetized patients Anesth Analg 72 1991 48 52
    • (1991) Anesth Analg , vol.72 , pp. 48-52
    • Aladj, LJ1    Croughwell, N2    Smith, LR3
  • 103
    • 0020576392 scopus 로고
    • The cerebral metabolic effects of isoflurane at and above concentrations that suppress cortical electrical activity
    • Newberg LA Milde JH Michenfelder JD The cerebral metabolic effects of isoflurane at and above concentrations that suppress cortical electrical activity Anesthesiology 59 1983 23 28
    • (1983) Anesthesiology , vol.59 , pp. 23-28
    • Newberg, LA1    Milde, JH2    Michenfelder, JD3
  • 104
    • 0022632596 scopus 로고
    • The effect of isoflurane-induled hypotension on cerebral blood flow and cerebral metabolic rate for oxygen in humans
    • Newman B Gelb AW Lam AM The effect of isoflurane-induled hypotension on cerebral blood flow and cerebral metabolic rate for oxygen in humans Anesthesiology 64 1986 307 310
    • (1986) Anesthesiology , vol.64 , pp. 307-310
    • Newman, B1    Gelb, AW2    Lam, AM3
  • 105
    • 0019934947 scopus 로고
    • The effects of high-dose fentanyl on cerebral circulation and metabolism in rats
    • Carlsson C Smith DS Keykhah MM The effects of high-dose fentanyl on cerebral circulation and metabolism in rats Anesthesiology 57 1982 375 380
    • (1982) Anesthesiology , vol.57 , pp. 375-380
    • Carlsson, C1    Smith, DS2    Keykhah, MM3
  • 106
    • 0023621509 scopus 로고
    • Cerebral autoregulation and flow/metabolism coupling during cardiopulmonary bypass: The influence of PaCO2
    • 2 Anesth Analg 66 1987 825 832
    • (1987) Anesth Analg , vol.66 , pp. 825-832
    • Murkin, JM1    Farrar, JK2    Tweed, WA3
  • 107
    • 0025143692 scopus 로고
    • Sufentanil does not increase cerebral blood flow in healthy human volunteers
    • Mayer N Weinstabl C Podreka I Sufentanil does not increase cerebral blood flow in healthy human volunteers Anesthesiology 73 1990 240 243
    • (1990) Anesthesiology , vol.73 , pp. 240-243
    • Mayer, N1    Weinstabl, C2    Podreka, I3
  • 108
    • 0025728949 scopus 로고
    • Effects of sufentanil on cerebral blood flow, cerebral blood flow velocity, and metabolism in dogs
    • Werner C Hoffman WE Baughman VL Effects of sufentanil on cerebral blood flow, cerebral blood flow velocity, and metabolism in dogs Anesth Analg 72 1991 177 181
    • (1991) Anesth Analg , vol.72 , pp. 177-181
    • Werner, C1    Hoffman, WE2    Baughman, VL3
  • 109
    • 0025300850 scopus 로고
    • Cerebral oxygen consuption during sufentanil anaesthesia: Measurement by N2O uptake versus 133 xenon clearance
    • 2O uptake versus 133 xenon clearance Can J Anaesth 37 1990 S32
    • (1990) Can J Anaesth , vol.37 , pp. S32
    • Murkin, JM1    Farrar, JK2    McNeill, B3
  • 110
    • 0020080015 scopus 로고
    • Effects of midazolam on cerebral blood flow in human volunteers
    • Forster A Juge O Morel D Effects of midazolam on cerebral blood flow in human volunteers Anesthesiology 56 1982 453 455
    • (1982) Anesthesiology , vol.56 , pp. 453-455
    • Forster, A1    Juge, O2    Morel, D3
  • 111
    • 0020961440 scopus 로고
    • Effect of midazolam on cerebral hemodynamic and cerebral vasomotor responsiveness to carbon dioxide
    • Forster A Juge O Morel D Effect of midazolam on cerebral hemodynamic and cerebral vasomotor responsiveness to carbon dioxide J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 3 1983 246 249
    • (1983) J Cereb Blood Flow Metab , vol.3 , pp. 246-249
    • Forster, A1    Juge, O2    Morel, D3
  • 112
    • 0027525711 scopus 로고
    • Role of cytokines in the pathogenesis of cardio-plumonary-induced multisystem organ failure
    • Cascy LC Role of cytokines in the pathogenesis of cardio-plumonary-induced multisystem organ failure Ann Thorac Surg 56 1993 S92 S96
    • (1993) Ann Thorac Surg , vol.56 , pp. S92-S96
    • Cascy, LC1
  • 113
    • 0027411838 scopus 로고
    • Inflammatory response to cardiopulmonary bypass
    • Butler J Rocker GM Westaby S Inflammatory response to cardiopulmonary bypass Ann Thorac Surg 55 1993 552 559
    • (1993) Ann Thorac Surg , vol.55 , pp. 552-559
    • Butler, J1    Rocker, GM2    Westaby, S3
  • 114
    • 0026794981 scopus 로고
    • Cardiopulmonary bypass and the blood-brain barrier: An experimental study
    • Gillinov AM Davis EA Curtis WE Cardiopulmonary bypass and the blood-brain barrier: An experimental study J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 104 1992 1110 1115
    • (1992) J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg , vol.104 , pp. 1110-1115
    • Gillinov, AM1    Davis, EA2    Curtis, WE3
  • 115
    • 0024499980 scopus 로고
    • Cerebral blood flow does not change following sodium nitroprusside infusion during hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass
    • Rogers AT Prough DS Stump DA Cerebral blood flow does not change following sodium nitroprusside infusion during hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass Anesth Analg 68 1989 122 126
    • (1989) Anesth Analg , vol.68 , pp. 122-126
    • Rogers, AT1    Prough, DS2    Stump, DA3
  • 116
    • 0025771267 scopus 로고
    • Sodium nitroprusside infusion does not dilate cerebral resistance vessels during hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass
    • Rogers AT Prough DS Gravlee GP Sodium nitroprusside infusion does not dilate cerebral resistance vessels during hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass Anesthesiology 74 1991 820 826
    • (1991) Anesthesiology , vol.74 , pp. 820-826
    • Rogers, AT1    Prough, DS2    Gravlee, GP3
  • 117
    • 0022507116 scopus 로고
    • Cerebral effects of hypocapnia plus nitroglycerin-induced hypotension in dogs
    • Artru AA Wright K Colley PS Cerebral effects of hypocapnia plus nitroglycerin-induced hypotension in dogs J Neurosurg 64 1986 924 931
    • (1986) J Neurosurg , vol.64 , pp. 924-931
    • Artru, AA1    Wright, K2    Colley, PS3
  • 118
    • 0022495028 scopus 로고
    • Effect of nimodipine on intracellular brain pH, cortical blood flow, and EEG in experimental focal cerebral ischemia
    • Meyer FB Anderson RE Yaksh TL Effect of nimodipine on intracellular brain pH, cortical blood flow, and EEG in experimental focal cerebral ischemia J Neurosurg 64 1986 617 626
    • (1986) J Neurosurg , vol.64 , pp. 617-626
    • Meyer, FB1    Anderson, RE2    Yaksh, TL3
  • 119
    • 0023818987 scopus 로고
    • A controlled trial of nimodipine in acute ischemic stroke
    • Gelmers HJ Gorter K de Weerdt CJ A controlled trial of nimodipine in acute ischemic stroke N Engl J Med 318 1988 203 207
    • (1988) N Engl J Med , vol.318 , pp. 203-207
    • Gelmers, HJ1    Gorter, K2    de Weerdt, CJ3
  • 120
    • 0021998312 scopus 로고
    • Nimodipine improves outcome when given after complete cerebral ischemia in primates
    • Steen PA Gisvold SE Milde JH Nimodipine improves outcome when given after complete cerebral ischemia in primates Anesthesiology 62 1985 406 414
    • (1985) Anesthesiology , vol.62 , pp. 406-414
    • Steen, PA1    Gisvold, SE2    Milde, JH3
  • 121
    • 0023927693 scopus 로고
    • Nimodipine treatment in poor-grade aneurysm patients: Results of a multicenter double-blind placebo-controlled trial
    • Petruk KC West M Mohr G Nimodipine treatment in poor-grade aneurysm patients: Results of a multicenter double-blind placebo-controlled trial J Neurosurg 68 1988 505 517
    • (1988) J Neurosurg , vol.68 , pp. 505-517
    • Petruk, KC1    West, M2    Mohr, G3
  • 122
    • 0025053422 scopus 로고
    • Effects of nimodipine on cerebral blood flow and neuropsychological outcome after cardiac surgery
    • Forsman M Olsnes BT Semb G Effects of nimodipine on cerebral blood flow and neuropsychological outcome after cardiac surgery Br J Anaesth 65 1990 514 520
    • (1990) Br J Anaesth , vol.65 , pp. 514-520
    • Forsman, M1    Olsnes, BT2    Semb, G3
  • 123
    • 0028331887 scopus 로고
    • Hypertonic saline dextran prime reduces increased intracranial pressure during cardiopulmonary bypass in pigs
    • McDaniel LB Nguyen T Zwischenberger JB Hypertonic saline dextran prime reduces increased intracranial pressure during cardiopulmonary bypass in pigs Anesth Analg 78 1994 435 441
    • (1994) Anesth Analg , vol.78 , pp. 435-441
    • McDaniel, LB1    Nguyen, T2    Zwischenberger, JB3
  • 124
    • 0017910527 scopus 로고
    • Changes of intracranial pressure during extracorporeal circulation under experimental conditions
    • Janicki W Janowski H Uminska K Changes of intracranial pressure during extracorporeal circulation under experimental conditions Polski Przeglad Chirurgiczny 50 1978 9 14
    • (1978) Polski Przeglad Chirurgiczny , vol.50 , pp. 9-14
    • Janicki, W1    Janowski, H2    Uminska, K3
  • 125
    • 0020620847 scopus 로고
    • The clinical significance of changes in cerebral perfusion pressure during open-heart surgery
    • Lundar T Froysaker T Nornes H The clinical significance of changes in cerebral perfusion pressure during open-heart surgery Scand J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 17 1983 163 169
    • (1983) Scand J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg , vol.17 , pp. 163-169
    • Lundar, T1    Froysaker, T2    Nornes, H3
  • 126
    • 0022412382 scopus 로고
    • Experimental and clinical studies with servo-controlled glucose and insulin administration during cardiopulmonary bypass
    • Galletti PM Kuntschen FR Hahn C Experimental and clinical studies with servo-controlled glucose and insulin administration during cardiopulmonary bypass Mt Sinai J Med 52 1985 500 507
    • (1985) Mt Sinai J Med , vol.52 , pp. 500-507
    • Galletti, PM1    Kuntschen, FR2    Hahn, C3
  • 127
    • 0019351431 scopus 로고
    • Effects of hypothermia, hemodilution, and pump oxygenation on organ water content, blood flow and oxygen delivery, and renal function
    • Utley JR Wachtel C Cain RB Effects of hypothermia, hemodilution, and pump oxygenation on organ water content, blood flow and oxygen delivery, and renal function Ann Thorac Surg 31 1981 121 133
    • (1981) Ann Thorac Surg , vol.31 , pp. 121-133
    • Utley, JR1    Wachtel, C2    Cain, RB3
  • 128
    • 0025089880 scopus 로고
    • Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain in infants and children before and after cardiac surgery: A prospective study
    • McConnell JR Fleming WH Chu W Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain in infants and children before and after cardiac surgery: A prospective study Am J Dis Child 144 1990 374 378
    • (1990) Am J Dis Child , vol.144 , pp. 374-378
    • McConnell, JR1    Fleming, WH2    Chu, W3
  • 129
    • 0026027015 scopus 로고
    • Metabolism of the heart and brain during hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass
    • Swain JA McDonald TJ Balaban RS Jr Robbins RC Metabolism of the heart and brain during hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass Ann Thorac Surg 51 1991 105 109
    • (1991) Ann Thorac Surg , vol.51 , pp. 105-109
    • Swain, JA1    McDonald, TJ2    Balaban, RS3    Robbins, RC4
  • 130
    • 0026091139 scopus 로고
    • MRI: A method to detect minor brain damage following coronary bypass surgery?
    • Vik A Brubakk AO Rinck PA MRI: A method to detect minor brain damage following coronary bypass surgery? Neuroradiology 33 1991 396 398
    • (1991) Neuroradiology , vol.33 , pp. 396-398
    • Vik, A1    Brubakk, AO2    Rinck, PA3
  • 131
    • 0026631643 scopus 로고
    • Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain before and after open heart operations
    • Sellman M Hindmarsh T Ivert T Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain before and after open heart operations Ann Thorac Surg 53 1992 807 812
    • (1992) Ann Thorac Surg , vol.53 , pp. 807-812
    • Sellman, M1    Hindmarsh, T2    Ivert, T3
  • 132
    • 0028896061 scopus 로고
    • Hyperglycemia during hypothermic canine cardiopulmonary bypass increases cerebral lactate
    • Feerick AE Johnston WE Jenkins LW Hyperglycemia during hypothermic canine cardiopulmonary bypass increases cerebral lactate Anesthesiology 82 1995 512 520
    • (1995) Anesthesiology , vol.82 , pp. 512-520
    • Feerick, AE1    Johnston, WE2    Jenkins, LW3
  • 133
    • 0023253211 scopus 로고
    • Brain microvascular function during cardiopulmonary bypass
    • Sorensen HR Husum B Waaben J Brain microvascular function during cardiopulmonary bypass J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 94 1987 727 732
    • (1987) J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg , vol.94 , pp. 727-732
    • Sorensen, HR1    Husum, B2    Waaben, J3
  • 134
    • 0344283307 scopus 로고
    • Cerebral blood flow, metabolism, and brain volume in extracorporeal circulation
    • Halley MM Reemtsma K Creech O Jr Cerebral blood flow, metabolism, and brain volume in extracorporeal circulation J Thorac Surg 36 1958 506 518
    • (1958) J Thorac Surg , vol.36 , pp. 506-518
    • Halley, MM1    Reemtsma, K2    Creech, O3
  • 135
    • 0022398047 scopus 로고
    • Nonpulsatile cardiopulmonary bypass disrupts the flow-metabolism couple in the brain
    • Andersen K Waaben J Husum B Nonpulsatile cardiopulmonary bypass disrupts the flow-metabolism couple in the brain J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 90 1985 570 579
    • (1985) J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg , vol.90 , pp. 570-579
    • Andersen, K1    Waaben, J2    Husum, B3
  • 136
    • 0026031686 scopus 로고
    • Coronary bypass surgery: Is the operation different today?
    • Jones EL Weintraub WS Craver JM Coronary bypass surgery: Is the operation different today? J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 101 1991 108 115
    • (1991) J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg , vol.101 , pp. 108-115
    • Jones, EL1    Weintraub, WS2    Craver, JM3
  • 137
    • 0022591771 scopus 로고
    • Neuropsychiatric complications after cardiopulmonary bypass: Cerebral protection by a barbiturate
    • Nussmeier NA Arlund C Slogoff S Neuropsychiatric complications after cardiopulmonary bypass: Cerebral protection by a barbiturate Anesthesiology 64 1986 165 170
    • (1986) Anesthesiology , vol.64 , pp. 165-170
    • Nussmeier, NA1    Arlund, C2    Slogoff, S3
  • 138
    • 0026738328 scopus 로고
    • The effect of profound levels of hypothermia (below 14°C) on canine cerebral metabolism
    • Michenfelder JD Milde JH The effect of profound levels of hypothermia (below 14°C) on canine cerebral metabolism J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 12 1992 877 880
    • (1992) J Cereb Blood Flow Metab , vol.12 , pp. 877-880
    • Michenfelder, JD1    Milde, JH2
  • 139
    • 4244062374 scopus 로고
    • Cerebral hyperperfusion during cardiopulmonary bypass: The influence of PaCO2
    • Murkin JM Cerebral hyperperfusion during cardiopulmonary bypass: The influence of PaCO2 Hilberman M Brain Injury and Protection During Heart Surgery 1988 Martinus Nijhoff Boston 47 66
    • (1988) , pp. 47-66
    • Murkin, JM1
  • 140
    • 0015125684 scopus 로고
    • The effects of PaCO2 on regional cerebral blood flow and the internal carotid arterial pressure during carotid clamping
    • 2 on regional cerebral blood flow and the internal carotid arterial pressure during carotid clamping Anesthesiology 35 1971 286 300
    • (1971) Anesthesiology , vol.35 , pp. 286-300
    • Boysen, G1    Ladegaard-Pedersen, HJ2    Henriksen, H3
  • 141
    • 0019821025 scopus 로고
    • A comparative physiological approach to hypothermia
    • White FN A comparative physiological approach to hypothermia J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 82 1981 821 831
    • (1981) J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg , vol.82 , pp. 821-831
    • White, FN1
  • 142
    • 0026483389 scopus 로고
    • Influence of pH management on hemodynamics and metabolism in moderate hypothermia
    • Hering JP Schröder T Singer D Influence of pH management on hemodynamics and metabolism in moderate hypothermia J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 104 1992 1388 1395
    • (1992) J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg , vol.104 , pp. 1388-1395
    • Hering, JP1    Schröder, T2    Singer, D3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.