Laser induced bubble formation in the retina

Lasers in Surgery and Medicine

Volumn 18, Issue 1, 1996, Pages 10-21

  Gerstman, Bernard S ^a   Thompson, Charles R ^b   Jacques, Steven L ^c   Rogers, Mark E ^b  

^a FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b AIR FORCE RESEARCH LABORATORY   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS   (United States)

Author keywords

Arrhenius; bubble; damage; ED50; fluence; laser; minimal visible lesion; retina; thermal damage; threshold; vaporization

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; CALCULATION; LASER; MELANOSOME; PIGMENT EPITHELIUM; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RADIATION PHYSICS; RETINA INJURY; THERMAL INJURY;

ABSORPTION; AIR; ALGORITHMS; ENERGY TRANSFER; HEAT; HUMANS; LASERS; MELANOCYTES; MODELS, BIOLOGICAL; PIGMENT EPITHELIUM OF EYE; PRESSURE; RETINA; THERMODYNAMICS; TIME FACTORS; VOLATILIZATION;

EID: 0030048398     PISSN: 01968092     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9101(1996)18:1<10::AID-LSM2>3.0.CO;2-U     Document Type: Article

References (20)

1. Henriques FC. Studies of thermal injury. Arch Pathol 1947; 43:489-502.
2. Takata AN. Development of criterion for skin burns. Aerospace Med 1974; 45:634-637.
3. Birngruber R, Hillenkamp F, Gabel VP. Theoretical investigations of laser thermal retinal injury. Health Phys 1985; 48:781-796.
4. Flotte TJ, Frisoli JK, Goetschkes M, Doukas AG. Laser induced shock wave effects on red blood cells. In: "Laser-Tissue Interaction II," SPIE 1991; 1427:36.
5. Hansen WP, Fine S. Melanin granule models for pulsed laser induced retinal injury. Appl Optics 1968; 7:155-159.
6. Sliney DH. Interaction mechanisms of laser radiation with ocular tissues. In: Court L, Duchene A, Courant D, eds. "First International Symposium on Laser Biological Effects and Exposure Limits." Paris, 1986:64-83.
7. Ham WT, Mueller HA, Goldman AI, Newnam BE, Holland LM, Kuwabara T. Ocular hazard from picosecond pulses of Nd:YAG laser radiation. Science 1974; 185:362-363.
8. Wolbarsht ML, Walsh AL, George G. Melanin, a unique absorber. Appl Optics 1981; 20:2184-2186.
9. Cubeddu R, Docchio F, Ramponi R, Boulton M. Time-resolved fluorescence spectroseopy of the retinal pigment epithelium: Age related studies. IEEE J Quant Electron 1990; 26:2218-2225.
10. Gueneau G, Baille V, Courant D, Dubos M, Court L. Histopathology and ultrastructure of retinal injuries produced in rabbits by low energy laser irradiations. In: Court L, Duchene A, Courant D, eds. "First International Symposium on Laser Biological Effects and Exposure Limits." Paris, 1986:176-191.
11. Hayes JR, Wolbarsht ML. Thermal model for retinal damage induced by pulsed lasers. Aerospace Med 1968; 39:474-480.
12. Cleary SF. Laser pulses and the generation of acoustic transients in biological material. In: Wolbarsht ML, ed. "Laser Applications in Medicine and Biology." New York: Plenum Press 1977:175-219.
13. Ražnjević K, ed. "Handbook of Thermodynamic Tables and Charts." New York: McGraw Hill, 1976:61.
14. Lamb H. "Hydrodynamics." New York: Dover, 1945:123.
15. L'Esperance F. "Ophthalmic Lasers." St. Louis, MO: C.V. Mosby, 1989:68.
16. Vogel A, Birngruber R. Temperature profiles in human retina and choroid during laser coagulation with different wavelengths ranging from 514 to 810 nm. Lasers Light Ophthalmol 1992; 5:9-16.
17. Sliney DH, Trokel SL. "Medical Lasers and their Safe Use." New York: Springer-Verlag, 1993:37.
18. Thompson CR, Gerstman BS, Jacques SL, Rogers ME. Melanin granule model for laser-induced thermal damage in the retina. Submitted to Bulletin of Mathematical Biology (submitted).
19. Sliney DH, Wolbarsht ML. "Safety with Lasers and Other Optical Sources." New York: Plenum, 1980:130-131.
20. Weast RC, ed. "Chemical Rubber Company Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 70th ed." Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 1989-1990: D42, D47.