The epidemiology of diabetic foot problems

Diabetic Medicine

Volumn 13, Issue SUPPL. 1, 1996, Pages

  Reiber, G E ^a,b,c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON   (United States)

^b Prosthetics Research Study   (United States)

^c VETERANS AFFAIRS MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

amputations; diabetes; epidemiology; feet; risk factors; ulcers

Indexed keywords

CONFERENCE PAPER; DIABETES MELLITUS; DIABETIC FOOT; FOOT ULCER; HUMAN; LIMB AMPUTATION; MORTALITY; RISK FACTOR;

EID: 0030047833     PISSN: 07423071     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/dme.1996.13.s1.6     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (39)

1. Palumbo PJ, Melton LJ. Peripheral vascular disease and diabetes. In: Harris MI, Hamman RF, eds. Diabetes in America. NIH Pub. No. 85-1468. Washington: US Government Printing Office, 1985:XV 1-21.
2. Preston SD, Reiber GE, Koepsell TD. Lower extremity amputations and inpatient mortality in hospitalized persons with diabetes: national population risk factors and associations. University of Washington Thesis, 1993.
3. Bouter KP, Storm AJ, de Groot RRM, Uitslager R, Erkelens DW, Diepersloot RJA. The diabetic foot in Dutch hospitals: epidemiological features and clinical outcome. Eur J Med 1993; 2: 215-218.
4. Pecoraro RE, Reiber GE, Burgess EM. Pathways to diabetic limb amputation: basis for prevention. Diabetes Care 1990; 13: 513-521.
5. Larsson J. Lower extremity amputation in diabetic patients. Lund University, Doctoral Thesis, 1994.
6. Moss SE, Klein R, Klein B. The prevalence and incidence of lower extremity amputation in a diabetic population. Arch Intern Med 1992; 152: 610-615.
7. Borssen B, Bergenheim T, Lithner F. The epidemiology of foot lesions in diabetic patients aged 15-50 years. Diabetic Med 1991; 7: 438-444.
8. Rosenqvist U. An epidemiological survey of diabetic foot problems in Stockholm County 1982. Acta Med Scand 1984; 687 (suppl): 55-60.
9. Veves A, Murray HJ, Yound MJ, Boulton AJM. The risk of foot ulceration in diabetic patients with high foot pressure: a prospective study. Diabetologia 1992; 35: 660-663.
10. Boulton AJM, et al. High prevalence of risk factors for ulceration in type 2 diabetic patients: a population based study. Diabetologia 1992; 35(5): ALS8.
11. Walters DP, Gatling W, Mullee MA, Hill RD. The distribution and severity of diabetic foot disease: a community study with comparison to a non-diabetic group. Diabetic Med 1992; 9: 354-358.
12. Smith DC, Boyko E, Ahroni JH, et al. Prospective Evaluation of the Risk Factors for Foot Ulceration in Diabetes - Early Results. New Orleans, LA: American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society, 1994.
13. Reiber GE. Who is at risk of limb loss and what to do about it? Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development 1994; 31: 357-362.
14. McNeely MJ, Boyko EJ, Ahroni JH, Stensel VL, Reiber GE, Smith DC, Pecoraro RE. The independent contributions of diabetic neuropathy and vasculopathy in foot ulceration: how great are the risks? Diabetes Care 1995; 18: 216-219.
15. Sosoenko J, Kato M, Soto R, Bild DE. Comparison of quantitative sensory threshold measures for their association with foot ulceration in diabetic patients. Diabetes Care 1990; 13: 1057-1061.
16. Rith-Najarian SJ, Stolusky T, Gohdes DM. Identifying diabetic patients at high risk for lower-extremity amputation in a primary health care setting. Diabetes Care 1992; 15: 1386-1389.
17. Litzelman DK, et al. Risk factors for foot lesions in persons with diabetes (Abstract). Clin Res 1991; 39: 746A.
18. Ebskov B, Josephson P. Incidence of reamputation and death after gangrene of the lower extremity. Prosthetics and Orthotics International 1980; 4: 77-80.
19. Reiber CE, Smith D, Preston S, McNamara K. Amputation in the U.S., 1989-1992. Unpublished data.
20. Assal JP, et al. A population based ten year study of lower extremity amputations in the Canton of Geneva, Switzerland (under review).
21. Nelson RG, et al. Lower-extremity amputations in NIDDM: 12-yr follow-up study in Pima Indians. Diabetes Care 1988; 11: 8-16.
22. Lavery LA, Ashry HR, Harkless LB. Incidence and mortality associated with lower extremity amputations and minorities with diabetes. Personal communication, Department of Orthopaedics, University of Texas, San Antonio, 1994.
23. West KM, Ahuja MMS, Bennett PH, et al. The role of circulating glucose and triglyceride concentrations and their interactions with other risk factors as determinants of arterial disease in nine diabetic population samples from the WHO multinational study. Diabetes Care 1983; 6: 361-369.
24. Gujral JS, McNally PB, Burden AC. Ethnic differences in the incidence of lower extremity amputation secondary to diabetes mellitus. Diabetic Med 1993; 10: 271-274.
25. Reiber CE, Pecoraro RE, Koepsell TD. Risk factors for amputation in patients with diabetes mellitus: a case-control study. Ann Int Med 1992; 117: 97-105.
26. Cina C, Katsamouris A, Megerman J, Brewster DC. Utility of transcutaneous oxygen tension measurements in peripheral arterial occlusive disease. J Vasc Surg 1984; 1: 362-371.
27. Oishi CS, Fronek A, Golbranson FL. The role of non-invasive vascular studies in determining levels of amputation. J Bone Joint Surg 1988; 70-A: 1520-1530.
28. Pecoraro RE. The nonhealing diabetic ulcer - a major cause for limb loss. In: Barbul A, Caldwell MD, Eaglstein WH, eds. Clinical and Experimental Approaches to Dermal and Epidermal Repair: Normal and Chronic Wounds. New York: Wiley-Liss, Inc., 1991: 27-43.
29. Kreines K, Johnson E, Albrink M, Knatterud GL. The course of peripheral vascular disease in non-insulin dependent diabetes. Diabetes Care 1985; 8: 235-243.
30. Kannel WB, McGee DL. Diabetes and cardiovascular disease: The Framingham Study. J Am Med Assoc 1979; 241: 2035-2038.
31. Jarrett RJ, Keen H. Diabetes and atherosclerosis. In: Keen H, Jarrett RJ, eds. Complications of Diabetes. London; Edward Arnold, 1975: 179-204.
32. Garcia MJ, McNamara PM, Cordon T, Kannell WB. Morbidity and mortality in diabetics in the Framingham population sixteen year follow-up study. Diabetes 1974; 23: 105-111.
33. Laakso M, Pyorala K. Lipid and lipoprotein abnormalities in diabetic patients with peripheral vascular disease. Atherosclerosis 1988; 74: 55-63.
34. Lee JS, Lu M, Lee VS, Russell D, Bahr C, Lee ET. Lower extremity amputation. Incidence, risk factors, and mortality in the Oklahoma Indian Diabetes Study. Diabetes 1993; 42: 876-882.
35. Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research Group. The effect of intensive treatment of diabetes on the development and progression of long-term complications in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. New Engl J Med 1993; 329: 977-986.
36. Braddeley RM, Fulford JC. A trial of conservative amputations for lesions of the feet in diabetes mellitus. Br J Surg 1965; 52: 38-43.
37. Silbert S. Amputation of the lower extremity in diabetes mellitus. Diabetes 1952; 1: 297-299.
38. Whitehouse FW, Jurgenson C, Block MA. The later life of the diabetic amputee: another look at the fate of the second leg. Diabetes 1968; 17: 520-521.
39. Deerochanawong C, Home PD, Alberti KCMM. A survey of lower limb amputations in diabetic patients. Diabetic Med 1992; 9: 942-946.