Ageing of Euglena chloroplasts in vitro I. Variations in pigment pattern and in morphology

Journal of Experimental Botany

Volumn 47, Issue 294, 1996, Pages 49-60

  Pancaldi, Simonetta ^a   Bonora, Angelo ^a   Dall'Olio, Giuseppe ^a   Bruni, Alessandro ^a   Fasulo, Maria P ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF FERRARA   (Italy)

Author keywords

Ageing; Euglena gracuilis; Isolated chloroplasts; Morphological changes; Pigment degradation

Indexed keywords

EUGLENA GRACILIS;

EID: 0030043316     PISSN: 00220957     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/jxb/47.1.49     Document Type: Article

References (82)

1. Anderson JM. 1986. Photoregulation of the composition, function, and structure of thylakoid membranes. Annual Review of Plant Physiology 37, 93-136.
2. Anderson JM, Barrett J. 1986. Light-harvesting pigment-protein complexes of algae. In: Staehelin LA, Arntzen CJ, eds. Encyclopedia of plant physiology. Vol. 19. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 269-85.
3. Anderson JM, Waldron JC, Thorne SW. 1978. Chlorophyll-protein complexes of spinach and barley thylakoids. Spectral characterization of six complexes resolved by an improved electrophoretic procedure. FEBS Letters 92, 227-33.
4. Bacon MF, Holden M. 1967. Changes in chlorophylls resulting from various chemical and physical treatments of leaves and leaf extracts. Phytochemistry 6, 193-210.
5. Ben-Shaul Y, Epstein HT, Schiff JA. 1965. Studies of chloroplast development in Euglena. 10. The return of the chloroplast to the proplastid condition during dark adaptation. Canadian Journal of Botany 43, 129-36.
6. Berger G, Kleo J, Andrianambinintsoa S, Neumann JM, Leonhard M. 1990. Preparation and purification of chlorophyll, bacteriochlorophyll and of their derivatives. Journal of Liquid Chromatography 13, 333-44.
7. Biswal UC, Bergfeld R, Kasemir H. 1983. Phytochrome mediated delay of plastid senescence in mustard cotyledons: changes in pigment contents and ultrastructure. Planta 157, 85-90.
8. Biswal UC, Biswal B. 1988. Ultrastructural modifications and biochemical changes during senescence of chloroplasts. International Review of Cytology 113, 271-321.
9. Biswal B, Raval MK, Biswal UC. 1989. Changes in chlorophyll fluorescence during ageing of cell free chloroplasts. Biochemie und Physiologie der Pflanzen 184, 213-18.
10. Brandt P, Wilhelm C. 1990. The light-harvesting system of Euglena gracilis during the cell cycle. Planta 180, 293-6.
11. Brody M. 1968. Chlorophyll studies. In: Buetow DE, ed. The biology of Euglena, Vol. II. New York: Academic Press, 215-83.
12. Brown SB, Houghton JD, Hendry GAF. 1991. Chlorophyll breakdown. In: Scheer H. ed. Chlorophylls. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 465-89.
13. Busheva M, Garab G, Liker E, Toth Z, Szell M, Nagy F. 1991. Diurnal fluctuations in the content and functional properties of the light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b complex in thylakoid membranes. Correlation with the diurnal rhythm of the mRNA level. Plant Physiology 95, 997-1003.
14. Choe HT, Thimann KV. 1975. The metabolism of oat leaves during senescence. III. The senescence of isolated chloroplasts. Plant Physiology 55, 828-34.
15. Cunningham Jr FX, Schiff JA. 1986. Chlorophyll-protein complexes from Euglena gracilis and mutants deficient in chlorohyll b. Pigment composition. Plant Physiology 80, 223-30.
16. Dahl M, Biswal B. 1990. Excision induced modification in the kinetics of chlorophyll accumulation during greening of clusterbean cotyledons. Biochemie und Physiologie der Pflanzen 186, 11-18.
17. Daley LS. 1990. French's nomenclature use: in vivo chlorophyll complexes. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 28, 271-82.
18. Davies BH. 1976. Carotenoids. In: Goodwin TW, ed. Chemistry and biochemistry of plant pigments. Vol. 2. London: Academic Press, 38-165.
19. Di Mascio P, Devasagayam TPA, Kaiser S, Sies H. 1990. Carotenoids, tocopherols and thiols as biological singlet molecular oxygen quenchers. Biochemical Society Transactions 18, 1054-6.
20. Di Mascio P, Kaiser S, Sies H, 1989. Lycopene as the most efficient biological carotenoid singlet oxygen quencher. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 274, 532-8.
21. Engel N, Jenny TA, Mooser V, Gossauer A. 1991. Chlorophyll catabolism in Chlorella protothecoides. Isolation and structure elucidation of a red bilin derivative. FEBS letters 293, 131-3.
22. Ehara T, Shihira-Ishikawa I, Osafune T, Hase E, Ohkuro I. 1975. Some ultrastructural characteristics of chloroplast degeneration in cells of Euglena gracilis Z. during their heterotrophic growth in darkness. Journal of Electron Microscopy 24, 253-61.
23. Fasulo MP, Bassi M, Donini A. 1983. Cytotoxic effects of hexavalent chromium in Euglena gracilis. II. Physiological and ultrastructural studies. Protoplasma 114, 35-43.
24. Fasulo MP, Pancaldi S, Bonora A, Bruni A, Dall'Olio G. 1991. 5-azacytidine-removal of the dark repression in plastid development of Euglena gracilis Klebs. Journal of Plant Physiology 137, 723-8.
25. Fasulo MP, Vannini GL, Bruni A, Dall'Olio G. 1979. Coumarin as a cytostatic drug for Euglena gracilis: a clue to cell cycle study. Zeitschrift für Pflanzenphysiologie 93, 117-27.
26. Fryer MJ. 1992. The antioxidant effects of thylakoid vitamin E (a-tocopherol). Plant, Cell and Environment 15, 381-92.
27. Ginsburg S, Matile P. 1993. Identification of catabolites of chlorophyll-porphyrin in senescent rape cotyledons. Plant Physiology 102, 521-7.
28. Ginsburg S, Schellenberg M, Matile P. 1994. Cleavage of chlorophyll-porphyrin. Requirement for reduced ferredoxin and oxygen. Plant Physiology 105, 545-54.
29. Goedheer JC. 1972. Fluorescence in relation to photosynthesis. Annual Review of Plant Physiology 23, 87-112.
30. Govindjee, Satoh K. 1986. Fluorescence properties of chlorophyll b- and chlorophyll c-containing algae. In: Govindjee. Amesz J, Fork DC, eds. Light emission by plants and bacteria. London: Academic Press, 497-537.
31. Guiamet JJ, Schwartz E, Pichersky E, Nóoden LD. 1991. Characterization of cytoplasmic and nuclear mutations affecting chlorophyll and chlorophyll-binding proteins during senescence in soybean. Plant Physiology 96, 227-31.
32. Hashimoto H, Kura-Hotta M, Katoh S. 1989. Changes in protein content and in the structure and number of chloroplasts during leaf senescence in rice seedlings. Plant and Cell Physiology 30, 707-15.
33. Hendry GAF, Houghton JD, Brown SB. 1987. The degradation of chlorophyll - a biological enigma. The New Phytologist 107, 255-302.
34. Hörtensteiner S, Vicentini F, Matile P. 1995. Chlorophyll breakdown in senescent cotyledons of rape, Brassica napus L.: enzymatic cleavage of phaeophorbide a in vitro. The New Phytologist 129, 237-46.
35. Ito H, Tanaka Y, Tsuji H, Tanaka A. 1993. Conversion of chlorophyll b to chlorophyll a by isolated cucumber etioplasts. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 306, 148-51.
36. Ivanov AG, Kicheva MI. 1993. Chlorophyll fluorescence properties of chloroplast membranes isolated from jasmonic acid-treated barley seedlings. Journal of Plant Physiology 141, 410-14.
37. Jackson AH. 1976. Structure, properties and distribution of chlorophylls. In: Goodwin TW, ed. Chemistry and biochemistry of plant pigments. Vol. 1. London: Academic Press, 1-63.
38. Jones ID, Butler LS, Gibbs E, White RC. 1972. An evaluation of reversed phase partitions for thin-layer chromatographic identification of chlorophylls and derivatives. Journal of Chromatography 70, 87-98.
39. Kitaoka S, Nakano Y, Miyatake K, Yokota A. 1989. Enzymes and their functional location. In: Buetow DE, ed. The biology of Euglena, Vol. IV. London: Academic Press, 1-135.
40. Kramer KHM, Amesz J, Rijgersberg CP. 1981. Excitation spectra of chlorophyll a fluorescence in spinach and barley chloroplasts at 4°K. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 637, 272-7.
41. Krinsky NI. 1968. The protective function of carotenoid pigments. In: Giese AC, ed. Photophysiology. London: Academic Press, 123-95.
42. Kulandaiveiu G, Senger H. 1976. Changes in the reactivity of the photosynthetic apparatus in heterotrophic ageing cultures of Scenedesmus obliquus. I. Changes in the photochemical activities. Physiologia Plantation 36, 157-64.
43. Larson RA. 1988. The antioxidants of higher plants. Phytochemistry 27, 969-78.
44. Lebedev NN, Siffel P, Krasnovskii AA. 1985. Detection of protochlorophyllide forms in irradiated green leaves and chloroplasts by different fluorescence spectroscopy at 77 °K. Photosynthetica 19, 183-7.
45. Lichtenthaler HK. 1987. Chlorophylls and carotenoids: pigments of photosynthetic biomembranes. Methods in Enzymology 148, 350-82.
46. Lilley RMcC, Fitzgerald MP, Rienits KG, Walker DA. 1975. Criteria of intactness and the photosynthetic activity of spinach chloroplast preparations. The New Phytologist 75, 1-10.
47. Mares D, Romagnoli C, Rubini M, Fasulo MP. 1993. Cytological characterization of a giant strain of Euglena gracilis obtained from dark-starved cultures. Botanica Acta 106, 473-9.
48. Minguez-Mosquera MI, Gandul Rojas B, Gallardo-Guerrero ML. 1992. Rapid method of quantification of chlorophylls and carotenoids in virgin olive oil by high-performance liquid chromatosraphy. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 40, 60-3.
49. Minguez-Mosquera MI, Gandul Rojas B, Montano-Asquerino A, Garrido-Fernandez J. 1991. Determination of chlorophylls and carotenoids by high-performance liquid chromatography during olive lactic fermentation. Journal of Chromatography 585, 259-66.
50. Mullet JE, Burke JJ, Arntzen CJ. 1980. Chlorophyll proteins of photosystem I. Plant Physiology 65, 814-22.
51. Murata N, Satoh K. 1986. Absorption and fluorescence emission by intact cells, chloroplasts and chlorophyll-protein complexes. In: Govindjee, Amesz J, Fork DC, eds. Light emission by plants and bacteria. London: Academic Press. 137-59.
52. Ophir I, Talmon A, Polak-Charcon S, Ben-Shaul Y. 1975. Aspects of structure and photosynthetic competence of Euglena plastid under conditions of greening and non-greening. Protoplasma 84, 283-95.
53. Ortiz W, Reardon EM, Price CA. 1980. Preparation of chloroplasts from Euglena highly active in protein synthesis. Plant Physiology 66, 291-4.
54. Panigrai PK, Biswal UC. 1979. Ageing of chloroplasts in vitro. I. Quantitative analysis of the degradation of pigments, proteins and nucleic acids. Plant and Cell Physiology 20, 775-9.
55. Parry AD, Horgan R. 1991. Carotenoid metabolism and the biosynthesis of abscisic acid. Photochemistry 30, 815-21.
56. Pennington FC, Strain H, Svec WA, Katz JJ. 1964. Preparation and properties of pyrochlorophyll a, methyl pyrochlorophyllide a, pyropheophytin a, and methyl pyropheophorbide a derived from chlorophyll by decarbomethoxylation. Journal of the American Chemical Society 86, 1418-26.
57. Peterman TK, Siedow JN. 1985. Behaviour of lipoxygenase during establishment, senescence and rejuvenation of soybean cotyledons. Plant Physiology 78, 690-5.
58. 695 emission from the purified photosystem II chlorophyll protein complex. FEBS Letters 110, 53-6.
59. Scheer A, Parthier B. 1982. Dark-induced chloroplast dedifferentiation in Euglena gracilis. Planta 156, 274-81.
60. Schellenberg M, Matile Ph, Thomas H. 1990. Breakdown of chlorophyll in chloroplasts of senescent barley leaves depends on ATP. Journal of Plant Physiology 136, 564-8.
61. Schellenberg M, Matile Ph, Thomas H. 1993. Production of a presumptive chlorophyll catabolite in vitro: requirement of reduced ferredoxin. Planta 191, 417-20.
62. Schiff JA, Schwartzbach SD. 1982. Photocontrol of chloroplast development in Euglena. In: Buetow DE, ed. The biology of Euglena, Vol. 3. London: Academic Press, 313-52.
63. Schoch S, Scheer H, Schiff JA, Rudiger W, Siegehnan HW. 1981. Pyropheophytin a accompanies pheophytin a in darkened light-grown cells of Euglena. Zeitschrift für Naturforschung 36c, 827-33.
64. Shioi Y, Masuda T, Takamiya K, Shimokawa K. 1995. Breakdown of chlorophylls by soluble proteins extracted from leaves of Chenopodium album. Journal of Plant Physiology 145, 416-21.
65. Siefermann-Harms D. 1977. The xanthophyll cycle in higher plants. In: Tevini M, Lichtenthaler HK, eds. Lipids and lipid polymers in higher plants. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 218-30.
66. Smart CM. 1994. Gene expression during leaf senescence. The New Phytologist 126, 419-48.
67. Suzuki E, Tsuzuki M, Miyachi S. 1987. Photosynthetic characteristics of chloroplasts isolated from Euglena gracilis Z grown photoautotrophically. Plant and Cell Physiology 28, 1377-88.
68. Vannini GL, Poli F, Pancaldi S, Dall'Olio G. 1985. Alterations induced by dimethyl sulphoxide in Euglena gracilis with emphasis on the side effects. Protoplasma 125, 199-204.
69. Vernon LP. 1960. Spectrophotometric determination of chlorophylls and pheophytins in plant extracts. Analytical Chemistry 30, 1144-50.
70. Vicentini F, Hörtensteiner S, Schellenberg M, Thomas H, Matile P. 1995. Chlorophyll breakdown in senescent leaves: identification of the biochemical lesion in a stay-green genotype of Festuca pratensis Huds. The New Phytologist 129, 247-52.
71. Walker DA, Cerovic ZG, Robinson SP. 1987. Isolation of intact chloroplasts: general principles and criteria of integrity. Methods in Enzymology 148, 145-57.
72. Werthmuller K, Senger H. 1971. Changes in the photosynthetic apparatus during ageing of algal cultures. In: Forti G, Avron M. Melandri A. eds. Proceedings of the second international congress on photosynthesis research, Stresa. The Hague: Dr W Junk NV Publishers, 2643-57.
73. Wolken JJ. 1961. Euglena. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press.
74. Woolhonse HW. 1984. The biochemistry and regulation of senescence in chloroplasts. Canadian Journal of Botany 62, 2934-42.
75. Wright SW, Shearer LD. 1984. Rapid extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography of chlorophylls and carotenoids from marine phytoplankton. Journal of Chromatography 294, 281-95.
76. Wright SW, Jeffrey SW, Mantoura RFC, Llewellyn CA, Bjornland T, Repeta D, Welschmeyer N. 1991. Improved HPLC method for the analysis of chlorophylls and caroten-oids from marine phytoplankton. Marine Ecology Progress Series 77, 183-96.
77. Yuan J, Cline K, Theg SM. 1991. Cryopreservation of chloroplasts and thylakoids for studies of protein import and integration. Plant Physiology 95, 1259-64.
78. Young AJ, Barry P, Britton G, 1989. The occurrence of β-carotene-5,6-epoxide in the photosynthetic apparatus of higher plants. Zeitschrift für Naturforschung 44c, 959-65.
79. Young AJ, Britton G. 1990a. Carotenoids and oxidative stress. In: Baltsheffsky M, ed. Current research in photosynthesis, Vol. IV. Kluwer, Dordrecht, 587-90.
80. Young AJ, Britton G. 1990b. Carotenoids and stress. In: Alscher R. ed. Stress responses in plants: adaptation and acclimation mechanisms. New York: .Man R. Liss, 87-112.
81. Young AJ, Wellings R, Britton G. 1991. The fate of chloroplast pigments during senescence of primary leaves of Hordeum vulgare and Avena sativum. Journal of Plant Physiology 137, 701-5.
82. Zapata M, Avala AM, Franco JM, Garrido JL. 1987. Separation of chlorophylls and their degradation products in marine phytoplankton by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Chromatographia 23, 26-30.