Redescription of Zoothamnium niveum (Hemprich & Ehrenberg, 1831) Ehrenberg, 1838 (oligohymenophora, peritrichida), a ciliate with ectosymbiotic, chemoautotrophic bacteria

European Journal of Protistology

Volumn 32, Issue 1, 1996, Pages 18-30

  Bauer Nebelsick, Monika ^a,b   Bardele, Christian F ^b   Ott, Jörg A ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF VIENNA   (Austria)

^b UNIVERSITY OF TÜBINGEN   (Germany)

Author keywords

Chemoautotrophic bacteria; Ectosymbiotic bacteria; Mangrove; Redescription; Symbiosis; Zoothamnium niveum

Indexed keywords

EID: 0030042505     PISSN: 09324739     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0932-4739(96)80036-8     Document Type: Article

References (75)

1. Biernacka I. (1963): Die Protozoenfauna in der Danziger Bucht. II. Die Charakteristik der Protozoen in untersuchten Biotopen der Seeküste. Polsk. Arch. Hydrobiol., 11, 17-75.
2. Bradbury P. C. (1965): The infraciliature and argyrome of Opisthonecta henneguyi Fauré-Fremiet. J. Protozool., 13, 345-363.
3. Cavanaugh C. M. (1983): Symbiotic chemoautotrophic bacteria in marine invertebrates form sulphide-rich habitats. Nature, 302, 58-61.
4. Cavanaugh C. M. (1985): Symbiosis of chemoautotrophic bacteria and marine invertebrates from hydrothermal vents and reducing sediments. Biol. Soc. Wash. Bull., 6, 373-388.
5. Cavanaugh C. M., Gardiner S. L., Jones L. M., Jannasch H. W., and Waterbury J. B. (1981): Prokaryotic cells in the hydrothermal vent tube worm Riftia pacbyptila Jones: possible chemoautotrophic symbionts. Science, 213, 340-342.
6. Claparède É. et Lachmann J. (1858): ́tudes sur les infusoires et les rhizopodes. Mem. Inst. natn. Génev., 5 (Year 1857), 1-260.
7. Corliss J. O. (1979): The ciliated protozoa: characterization, classification, and guide to the literature. Pergamon Press, London.
8. Couch J. A. (1973): Ultrastructural and protargol studies of Lagenophrys callinectes (Ciliophora: Peritrichida). J. Protozool., 20, 638-647.
9. Dando P. R. and Southward A. J. (1986): Chemoautotrophy in bivalve molluscs of the genus Thyasira. J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U.K., 66, 915-929.
10. Dando P. R., Southward A. J.., and Southward E. C. (1986): Chemoautotrophic symbionts in the gills of the bivalve mollusc Lucinoma borealis and the sediment chemistry of its habitat. Proc. R. Soc. London B, 227, 227-247.
11. 15N evidence. Mar. Biol., 75, 201-205.
12. Distel D. L. and Felbeck H. (1987): Endosymbiosis in the lucinid clams Lucinoma aequizonata, Lucinoma annulata and Lucina floridana: a reexamination of the functional morphology of the gills as bacteria-bearing organs. Mar. Biol., 96, 79-86.
13. Dragesco J. (1948): Sur la biologie du Zoothamnium pelagicum (du Plessis). Bull. Soc. Zool. de France, 73, 130-134.
14. Ehrenberg C. G. (1838): Die Infusionsthierchen als vollkommene Organismen. Ein Blick in das tiefere organische Leben der Natur. Leopold Voss Verlag, Leipzig.
15. Eichwald E. (1847): Erster Nachtrag zur Infusorienkunde Russlands. Bull. Soc. impér. nat. Moscow, 20, 285-366.
16. Eichwald E. (1849): Zweiter Nachtrag zur Infusorienkunde Russlands. Bull. Soc. imper. nat. Moscow, 22, 400-548.
17. Fauré-Fremiet E. (1930): Growth and differentiation of the colonies of Zoothamnium alternans (Clap, and Lachm.). Biol. Bull., 58, 28-51.
18. Fauré-Fremiet E. (1950): Caulobactéries épizoiques associées aux Centrophorella (Ciliés holotriches). Bull. Soc. Zool. France, 75, 134-137.
19. Fauré-Fremiet E. (1951): The marine sand-dwelling ciliates of Cape Cod. Biol. Bull., 200, 59-70.
20. Fauré-Fremiet E., Favard P., et Carasso N. (1963): Images électroniques d'une microbiocénose marine. Cah. Biol. Mar., 4, 61-64.
21. Felbeck H. (1981): Chemoautotrophic potential of the hydrothermal vent tube worm Riftia pachyptila Jones (Vestimentifera). Science, 213, 336-338.
22. Felbeck H., Childress J. J., and Somero G. N. (1981): Calvin-Benson cycle and sulphide oxidation enzymes in animals from sulphide-rich habitats. Nature, 293, 291-293.
23. Felbeck H. and Distel D. L. (1992): Prokaryotic symbionts of marine invertebrates. In: Balows A., Trümper H. G., Dworkin M., Harder W., and Schleifer K.-H. (eds.): The prokaryotes. A handbook on the biology of bacteria: ecophysiology, isolation, identification, applications, Vol. 4, Chapter 215, pp. 3891-3906. Springer-Verlag, New York, Berlin, Heidelberg.
24. 2 fixation in tissues of marine oligochaetes (Pallodrilus leukodermatus, P. planus) containing symbiotic, chemoautotrophic bacteria. Mar. Biol., 75, 187-191.
25. Fenchel T. (1987): Ecology of Protozoa. The biology of free-living phagotrophic protists. Brock/Springer Series in Contemporary Bioscience. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York.
26. Fenchel T. and Finlay B. J. (1989): Kentrophoros: a mouthless ciliate with a symbiotic kitchen garden. Ophelia, 30, 75-93.
27. Fenchel T. and Finlay B. J. (1991): The biology of free-living anaerobic ciliates. Europ. J. Protistol., 26, 201-215.
28. Fenchel T., Perry T., and Thane A. (1977): Anaerobiosis and symbiosis with bacteria in free-living ciliates. J. Protozool., 24, 154-163.
29. Fernández-Galiano D. (1976): Silver impregnation of the ciliated protozoa: procedure yielding good results with silver carbonate method. Trans. Am. Microsc. Soc., 95, 557-560.
30. Fernández-Galiano D., Esteban G., and Munoz A. (1988): The stomatogenetic process in Opercularia coarctata (Ciliophora, Peritrichida). J. Protozool., 35, 1-4.
31. Finlay B. and Fenchel T. (1989): Everlasting picnic for protozoa. New Scientist, 1 July.
32. Fisher C. R. (1990): Chemoautotrophic and methylotrophic symbioses in marine invertebrates. Rev. Aquat. Sci., 2, 399-436.
33. Foissner W., Berger H., und Kohmann F. (1992): Taxonomische und ökologische Revision der Ciliaten des Saprobiensystems. Band II. Peritrichia, Heterotrichida, Odontostomatida. Informationsberichte des Bayer. Landesamtes für Wasserwirtschaft, 5/92, pp. 502. München.
34. Furssenko A. (1929): Lebenscyclus und Morphologie von Zoothamnium arbuscula Ehrenberg (Infusoria Peritricha). Arch. f. Protistenk., 67, 376-500.
35. Giere O., Conway N. M., Gastrock G., and Schmidt C. (1991): "Regulation" of gutless annelid ecology by endosymbiotic bacteria. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 68, 287-299.
36. Hamburger C. und von Buddenbrock-Heidelberg W. (1929): Nordische Ciliata mit Ausschluss der Tintinnoidea. In: Hamburger C. and von Buddenbrock-Heidelberg W. (Hrsg.): Nordisches Plankton, Zoologischer Teil, Band 7, Kapitel 13, pp. 1-152. Lipsius & Tischler Verlag, Kiel, Leipzig.
37. Hausmann K. and Hausmann E. (1981): Structural studies on Trichodina pediculus (Ciliophora, Peritricha), I. The locomotory fringe and the oral apparatus. J. Ultrastr. Res., 74, 131-143.
38. Heckmann K. and Görtz H.-D. (1992): Prokaryotic symbionts of ciliates. In: Balows A., Trümper H. G., Dworkin M., Harder W., and Schleifer K.-H. (eds.): The prokaryotes. A handbook on the biology of bacteria: ecophysiology, isolation, identification, applications, vol. 4, chapter 214, pp. 3865-3890. Springer-Verlag, New York, Berlin, Heidelberg.
39. Hemprich F. W. and Ehrenberg C. G. (1829, 1831): Symbolae physicae. Evertebrata. I. Phytozoa. Abhandlungen der Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin.
40. Hentschel E. (1916): Biologische Untersuchungen über den tierischen und pflanzlichen Bewuchs im Hamburger Hafen. Mitt. Zool. Mus. Hamb., 33, 1-176.
41. Jones M. L. (1980): Riftia pachyptila, new genus, new species, the vestimentiferan worm from the Galapagos Rift geothermal vents (Pogonophora). Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 93, 129-1313.
42. Kahl A. (1932): Urtiere oder Protozoa. I. Wimpertiere oder Ciliata (Infusoria). In: Dahl F. (Hrsg.): Die Tierwelt Deutschlands und der angrenzenden Meeresteile, pp. 1-886. Fischer, Jena.
43. Kahl A. (1933): Ciliata libera et ectocommensalia. In: Grimpe G. (Hrsg.): Die Tierwelt der Nord- und Ostsee. Band II, Teil II, C3, S. 29-146, Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft Becker und Ehler Korn., Leipzig.
44. Kent W. S. (1880): Notes on marine Infusoria. Midland Naturalist (Transactions Birmingham Natural History Society), p. 7.
45. Kent W. S. (1881): A manual of Infusoria: including a description of all known flagellate, ciliate, and tentaculiferous Protozoa, British and foreign, and an account of the organization and affinities of the sponges, vol. 2, part 5, pp. 433-720. David Bogue, London.
46. Kiesselbach A. (1936): Zur Ciliatenfauna der Nördlichen Adria. Thalassia, 2, 1-53.
47. Kito K. (1989): A new mouthless nematode from Fiji. J. Nat. Hist., 23, 635-642.
48. Laval M. (1968): Zoothamnium pelagicum du Plessis. Cilié péritricheplanctonique: morphologie, croissance et comportement. Protistologica, 4, 333-363.
49. Lavai M. (1970): Presence de bacteries intranucleaires chez Zoothamnium pelagicum (Cilié Peritriche) leur rôle dans la formation des pigments intracytoplasmatiques des zojdes. Septième Congrès International de Microscopie Électronique, Grenoble, Société Française de Microscopie Electronique, Paris, pp. 403-404.
50. Lom J. (1964): The morphology and morphogenesis of the buccal ciliary organelles in some peritrichous ciliates. Arch. Protistenk., 107, 131-162.
51. Ott J. A., Novak R., Schiemer F., Hentschel U., Nebelsick M., and Polz M. (1991): Tackling the sulfide gradient: a novel strategy involving marine nematodes and chemoautotrophic ectosymbionts. P.S.Z.N.I.: Mar. Ecol., 12, 261-279.
52. Ott J. A. and Novak R. (1989): Living at an interface: meiofauna at the oxygen/sulfide boundery of marine sediments. In: Ryland J. S. and Tyler P. A. (eds.): Reproduction, genetics and distribution of marine organisms, pp. 415-422, Olsen & Olsen, Fredcnsborg.
53. Ott J., Rieger G., Rieger R., and Enderes F. (1982): New mouthless interstitial worm from the sulfide system: symbiosis with prokaryotes. P.S.Z.N.I.: Mar. Ecol., 3, 313-333.
54. Perejaslawzewa S. (1886): [Protozoa of the Black Sea]. Schr. Naturforsch. Ges. Odessa, 10, 79-114 (in Russian).
55. Pritchard A. (1861): History of Infusoria, including the Desmidiaceae and Diatomaceae, British and foreign. Whittaker and Co., London.
56. Puytorac P. de, Grain J., et Mignot J.-P. (1987): Précis de Protistologie. Boubée et Fondation Singer Polignac, Paris.
57. Raikov I.-B. (1971): Bactéries épizoiques et mode de nutrition du cilié psammophile Kentrophoros fistulosum Fauré-Fremiet (étude au microscope électronique). Protistologica, 7, 365-378.
58. Raikov I.-B. (1974): Étude ultrastructurale de bactéries epizoiques et endozoiques de Kentrophoros latum Raikov, cilié holotriche mésopsammique. Cah. Biol. Mar., 15, 379-393.
59. 12C: further evidence of non-photosynthetic food source. Science, 213, 228-240.
60. Schweimanns M. and Felbeck H. (1985): Significance of the occurrence of chemoautotrophic bacterial endosymbionts in lucinid clams from Bermuda. Mar. Ecol. Prog Ser., 24, 113-120.
61. Song W. (1991a): Contribution to the commensal ciliates on Penaeus orientalis. II. (Ciliophora, Peritrichida). J. Ocean Univ. Quingdao, 21, 45-55.
62. Song W. (1991b): A new commensal ciliate, Zoothamnium paraentzii (Ciliophora, Peritrichida). Zool. Res., 12, 355-359.
63. Song W. (1992): A new marine ciliate, Zoothamnium penaei sp. nov. (Ciliophora, Peritrichida). Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica, 23, 90-94.
64. 12C ratios in tissues of Pogonophora indicate unusual nutrition and metabolism. Nature, 293, 616-620.
65. Stein F. (1854): Die Infusionsthiere auf ihre Entwicklungsgeschichte untersucht. W. Engelmann, Leipzig.
66. Stein J. L., Cary S. C, Hessler R. R., Ohta S. O., Vetter R. D., Childress J. J., and Felbeck H. (1988): Chemoautotrophic symbiosis in a hydrothermal vent gastropod. Biol. Bull., 174, 373-378.
67. Stiller J. (1946): Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Peritrichenfauna der Schwefelthermen von Split. Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici, 39, 19-57.
68. Stiller J. (1968): Peritriche Ciliaten ökologisch verschiedener Biotope von Rovinj und Umgebung. Acta zool. Hung., 14, 185-211.
69. Summers F. M. (1938): Some aspects of normal development in the colonial ciliate Zoothamnium alternans. Biol. Bull., 74, 117-129.
70. Temara A., de Ridder C., Kuenen J. G., and Robertson L. A. (1993): Sulfide-oxidizing bacteria in the burrowing echinoid, Echinocardium cordatum (Echinodermata). Mar. Biol., 115, 179-185.
71. Wailes G. H. (1943): Protozoa, Ciliata and Suctoria. Canadian Pacific Fauna, 1, 1-46.
72. Wang C. C. and Nie D. (1932): A survey of the marine protozoa of Amoy. Contributions from the Biological Laboratory of the Science Society of China, vol. 8, Zoological Series Nr. 9.
73. Wesenberg-Lund C. (1925): Contributions to the biology of Zoothamnium geniculatum Aryton. D. Kgl. Danske Vidensk. Selsk. Skr., naturv. og math., X, 1-53.
74. Valbonesi A. (1989): Scanning electron microscope observations on Zoothamnium intermedium (Ciliophora, Peritrichia). Boll. Zool., 56, 131-136.
75. Zagon I. S. and Small E. B. (1970): Carchesium polypinum: somatic and buccal structure analysis after pro targol staining. Trans. Am. Microsc. Soc., 89, 443-449.