The septins: Roles in cytokinesis and other processes

Current Opinion in Cell Biology

Volumn 8, Issue 1, 1996, Pages 106-119

  Longtine, Mark S ^a   DeMarini, Douglas J ^a   Valencik, Maria L ^a,b   Al Awar, Omayma S ^a   Fares, Hanna ^c   De Virgilio, Claudio ^a   Pringle, John R ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA   (United States)

^b MAYO CLINIC   (United States)

^c Och Spine at New York Presbyterian Hospitals   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CELL SURFACE PROTEIN;

ANIMAL CELL; ANIMAL TISSUE; CYTOKINESIS; FUNGUS; INSECT; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN FAMILY; REVIEW; VERTEBRATE; YEAST;

ANIMALIA; FUNGI; HEXAPODA; INSECTA; VERTEBRATA;

EID: 0030041458     PISSN: 09550674     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0955-0674(96)80054-8     Document Type: Article

References (130)

1. Byers B, Goetsch L: A highly ordered ring of membrane-associated filaments in budding yeast. J Cell Biol 1976, 69:717-721.
2. Byers B, Goetsch L: Loss of the filamentous ring in cytokinesis-defective mutants of budding yeast [abstr]. J Cell Biol 1976, 70:35.
3. Byers B: Cytology of the yeast life cycle. In The Molecular Biology of the Yeast Saccharomyces. Life Cycle and Inheritance. Edited by Strathern JN, Jones EW, Broach JR. Cold Spring Harbor: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press; 1981:59-96.
4. Adams AEM: Cellular morphogenesis in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae [PhD Thesis]. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan; 1984.
5. Haarer BK, Pringle JR: Immunofluorescence localization of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae CDC12 gene product to the vicinity of the 10-nm filaments in the mother-bud neck. Mol Cell Biol 1987, 7:3678-3687
6. Kim HB, Haarer BK, Pringle JR: Cellular morphogenesis in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell cycle: localization of the CDC3 gene product and the timing of events at the budding site. J Cell Biol 1991, 112:535-544.
7. Ford SK, Pringle JR: Cellular morphogenesis in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell cycle: localization of the CDC11 gene product and the timing of events at the budding site. Dev Genet 1991, 12:281-292.
8. Fares H, Goetsch L, Pringle JR: Identification of a developmentally regulated septin and involvement of the septins in spore formation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Cell Biol 1996, in press.
9. Ozsarac N, Bhattacharyya M, Dawes IW, Clancy MJ: SPR3 gene encodes a sporulation-specific homologue of the yeast CDC3/10/11/12 family of bud neck microfilament genes and is regulated by ABFI. Gene 1995, 164:157-162.
10. DiDomenico BJ, Brown NH, Lupisella J, Greene JR, Yanko M, Koltin Y: Homologs of the yeast neck filament associated genas: Isolation and sequence analysis of Candida albicans CDC3 and CDC10. Mol Gen Genet 1994, 242:689-698.
11. Momany M, Morrell JL, Harris SD, Hamer JE: Septum formation in Aspergillua nidulans. Can J Bot 1995, in press.
12. Neufeld TP, Rubin GM: The Drosophila peanut gene is required for cytokinesis and encodes a protein similar to yeast putative bud neck filament proteins. Cell 1994, 77:371-379.
13. Fares HF, Peifer M, Pringle JR: Localization and possible functions of Drosophila septins. Mol Biol Cell 1995, 6:1843-1859. See annotation [12*].
14. Nottenburg C, Gallatin WM, St. John T: Lymphocyte HEV adhesion variants differ in the expression of multiple gene sequences. Gene 1990, 95:279-284.
15. Kato K: A collection of cDNA dones with specific expression patterns in mouse brain. Eur J Neurosci 1990, 2:704-711.
16. Kumar S, Tomooka Y, Noda M: Identification of a set of genes with developmentally down-regulated expression in the mouse brain. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1992, 185:1155-1161.
17. Nakatsuru S, Sudo K, Nakmura Y: Molecular cloning of a novel human cDNA homologous to CDC10 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1994, 202:82-87.
18. Sanders SL, Field CM: Septins in common? Curr Biol 1994, 4:907-910.
19. Pringle JR, Lillie SH, Adams AEM, Jacobs CW, Haarer BK, Coleman KG, Robinson JS, Bloom L, Preston RA: Cellular morphogenesis in the yeast cell cycle. UCLA Symp Mol Cell Biol 1986, 33:47-80.
20. Flescher EG, Madden K, Snyder M: Components required for cytokinesis are important for bud site selection in yeast. J Cell Biol 1993, 122:373-386.
21. Fields S, Sternglanz R: The two-hybrid system: an assay for protein-protein interactions. Trends Genet 1994, 10:286-292.
22. Soll DR, Mitchell LH: Filament ring formation in the dimorphic yeast Candida albicans. J Cell Biol 1983, 96:486-493.
23. Barns SM, Lane DJ, Sogin ML, Bibeau C, Weisburg WG: Evolutionary relationships among pathogenic Candida species and relatives. J Bacteriol 1991, 173:2250-2255.
24. Kurtzman CP: Molecular taxonomy of the yeasts. Yeast 1994, 10:1727-1740.
25. Moens PB: Fine structure of ascospore development in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Can J Microbiol 1971, 17:507-510.
26. Kanbe T, Kobayashi I, Tanaka K: Dynamics of cytoplasmic organelles in the cell cycle of the fission yeast S. pombe: three-dimensional reconstruction from serial sections. J Cell Sci 1989, 94:647-656.
27. Conrad GW, Schroeder TE (editors): Cytokinesis: mechanisms of furrow formation during cell division. Ann NY Acad Sci 1990, 582:1-327
28. Satterwhite LL, Pollard TD: Cytokinesis. Curr Opin Cell Biol 1992, 4:43-52.
29. Fishkind DJ, Wang Y: New horizons for cytokinesis. Curr Opin Cell Biol 1995, 7:23-31.
30. Katoh K, Ishikawa H: The cytoskeletal involvement in cellularization of the Drosophila malanogaster embryo. Protoplasma 1989, 150:83-95.
31. Schejter ED, Wieschaus E: Functional elements of the cytoskeleton in the early Drosophila embryo. Annu Rev Cell Biol 1993, 9:67-99.
32. Loncar D, Singer SJ: Cell membrane formation during the cellularization of the syncytial blastoderm of Drosophila. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1995, 92:2199-2203.
33. Sullivan W, Theurkauf WE: The cytoskeleton and morphogenesis of the early Drosophila embryo. Curr Opin Cell Biol 1995, 7:18-22.
34. Rickoll WL, Counce SJ: Morphogenesis in the embryo of Drosophila melanogaster-germ band extension. Roux's Arch Devel Biol 1980, 188:163-177.
35. Andrews BJ, Mason SW: Gene expression and the cell cycle: a family affair. Science 1993, 261:1543-1544.
36. Chant J: Cell polarity in yeast. Trends Genet 1994, 10:328-333.
37. Lew DJ, Reed SI: Cell cyde control of morphogenesis in budding yeast. Curr Opin Genet Devel 1995, 5:17-23.
38. Pringle JR, Bi E, Harkins HA, Zahner JE, De Virgilio C, Chant J, Corrado K, Fares H: Establishment of cell polarity in yeast. Cold Spring Harbor Symp Quant Biol 1996, 60: in press.
39. Adams AEM, Pringle JR: Relationship of actin and tubulin distribution to bud growth in wild-type and morphogenetic-mutant Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Cell Biol 1984, 98:934-945.
40. Adams AEM, Johnson DI, Longnecker RM, Sloat BF, Pringle JR: CDC42 and CDC43, two additional genes involved in budding and the establishment of cell polarity in the yeast Seacharomyces cerevisiae. J Cell Biol 1990, 111:131-142.
41. Amatruda JF, Cooper JA: Purification, characterization, and immunofluorescence localization of Saccharomyces cerevisiae capping protein. J Cell Biol 1992, 117:1067-1076.
42. Cvrćková F, De Virgilio C, Manser E, Pringle JR, Nasmyth K: Ste20-like protein kinases are required for normal localization of cell growth and for cytokinesis in budding yeast. Genes Dev 1995, 9:1817-1830.
43. Simon M-N, De Virgilio C, Souza B, Pringle JR, Abo A, Reed SI: Role for the Rho-family GTPase Cdc42p in yeast mating pheromone signal pathway. Nature 1995, 376:702-705.
44. Zhao Z-S, Leung T, Manser E, Lim L: Pheromone signalling in Saccharomyces cerevisiae requires the small GTP-binding protein Cdc42p and its activator CDC24. Mol Cell Biol 1995, 15:5246-5257.
45. Holaway BL, Kao G, Finn MC, Clancy MJ: Transcriptional regulation of sporulation genes in yeast. Mol Gen Genet 1987, 210:449-459.
46. Kao G, Mannix DG, Holaway BL, Finn MC, Bonny AE, Clancy MJ: Independence of inessential late gene expression on early melotic events in S. carevisiae. Mol Gen Genet 1989, 215:490-500.
47. Kaback DB, Feldberg LR: Saccharomyces cerevisiae exhibits a sporulation-specific temporal pattern of transcript accumulation. Mol Cell Biol 1985, 5:751-761.
48. Hartwell LH: Genetic control of the cell division cycle in yeast Genes controlling bud emergence and cytokinesis. Exp Cell Res 1971, 69:265-276.
49. Kilmartin JV, Adams AEM: Structural rearrangements of tubulin and actin during the cell cycle of the yeast Saccharomyces. J Cell Biol 1984, 98:922-933.
50. Lew DJ, Reed SI: Morphogenesis in the yeast cell cycle: regulation by Cdc28 and cycllins. J Cell Biol 1993, 120:1305-1320.
51. Mulholland J, Preuss D, Moon A, Wong A, Drubin D, Botstein D: Ultrastructure of the yeast actin cytoskeleton and its association with the plasma membrane. J Cell Biol 1994, 125:381-391.
52. Novick P, Botstein D: Phenotypic analysis of temperature-sensitive yeast actin mutants. Cell 1985, 40:405-416.
53. Drubin DG, Jones HD, Wertman KF: Actin structure and function: roles in mitochondrial organization and morphogenesis in budding yeast and identification of the phalloidin-binding site. Mol Biol Cell 1993, 4:1277-1294.
54. Welch MD, Holtzman DA, Drubin DG: The yeast actin cytoskeleton. Curr Opin Cell Biol 1994, 6:110-119.
55. Slater ML, Bowers B, Cabib E: Formation of septum-like structures at locations remote from the budding sites in cytokinesis-defective mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Bacteriol 1985, 162:763-767.
56. Govindan B, Bowser R, Novick P: The role of Myo2, a yeast class V myosin, in vesicular transport. J Cell Biol 1995, 128:1055-1068.
57. Bulawa CE: Genetics and molecular biology of chitin synthesis in fungi. Annu Rev Microbiol 1993, 47:505-534.
58. Chant J, Pringle JR: Patterns of bud-site selection in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Cell Biol 1995, 129:751-765.
59. Chant J, Herskowitz I: Genetic control of bud site selection in yeast by a set of gene products that constitute a morphogenetlc pathway. Cell 1991, 65:1203-1212.
60. Chant J, Mischke M, Mitchell E, Herskowitz I, Pringle JR: Role of Bud3p in producing the axial budding pattern of yeast. J Cell Biol 1995, 129:767-778.
61. Snyder M: The SPA2 protein of yeast localizes to sites of cell growth. J Cell Biol 1989, 108:1419-1429.
62. Snyder M, Gehrung S, Page BD: Studies concerning the temporal and genetic control of cell polarity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Cell Biol 1991, 114:515-532.
63. Zahner JE, Harkins HA, Pringle JR: Genetic analysis of the bipolar pattern of bud-site selection in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Cell Biol 1996, in press.
64. Gehrung S, Snyder M: The SPA2 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is important for pheromone-induced morphogenesis and efficient mating. J Cell Biol 1990, 111:1451-1464.
65. Marhoul JF, Adams TH: Identification of developmental regulatory genes in Aspergillus nidulans by overexpression. Genetics 1995, 139:537-547.
66. Nurse P, Thuriaux P, Nasmyth K: Genetic control of the cell division cycle in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Mol Gen Genet 1976, 146:167-178.
67. Simanis V: The control of septum formation and cytokinesis in fission yeast. Semin Cell Biol 1995, 6:79-87.
68. Petersen J, Weilguny D, Egel R, Nielsen O: Characterization of fus1 of Schizosaccharomyces pombe: a developmentally controlled function needed for conjugation. Mol Cell Biol 1995, 15:3697-3707.
69. Castrillon DH, Wasserman SA: diaphanous is required for cytokinesis in Drosophila and shares domains of similarity with the products of the limb deformity gene. Development 1994, 120:3367-3377.
70. Emmons S, Phan H, Calley J, Chen W, James B, Manseau L: cappuccino, a Drosophila maternal effect gene required for polarity of the egg and embryo, is related to the vertebrate limb deformity locus. Genes Dev 1995, 9:2482-2494.
71. Jackson-Grusby L, Kuo A, Leder P: A variant limb deformity transcript expressed in the embryonic mouse limb defines a novel formin. Genes Dev 1992, 6:29-37.
72. Tkacz JS, MacKay VL: Sexual conjugation in yeast. Cell surface changes in response to the action of mating hormones. J Cell Biol 1979, 80:326-333.
73. Schekman R, Brawley V: Localized deposition of chitin on the yeast cell surface in response to mating pheromone. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1979, 76:645-649.
74. Reid BJ, Hartwell LH: Regulation of mating in the cell cycle of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Cell Biol 1977, 75:355-365.
75. Dorer R, Pryciak PM, Hartwell LH: Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells execute a default pathway to select a mate in the absence of pheromone gradients. J Cell Biol 1995, 131:845-861.
76. Konopka JB, DeMattei C, Davis C: AFR1 promotes polarized apical morphogenesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Cell Biol 1995, 15:723-730.
77. Konopka JB: AFR1 acts in conjunction with the α-factor receptor to promote morphogenesis and adaptation. Mol Cell Biol 1993, 13:6876-6888.
78. Briza P, Ellinger A, Winkler G, Breitenbach M: Chemical composition of the yeast ascospore wall. The second outer layer consists of chitosan. J Biol Chem 1988, 263:11569-11574.
79. Briza P, Breitenbach M, Ellinger A, Segall J: Isolation of two developmentally regulated genes involved in spore wall maturation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genes Dev 1990, 4:1775-1789.
80. Briza P, Eckerstorfer M, Breitenbach M: The sporulation-specific enzymes encoded by the DIT1 and DIT2 genes catalyze a two-step reaction leading to a soluble LL-dityrosine-containing precursor of the yeast spore wall. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1994, 91:4524-4528.
81. Simchen G: Are mitotic functions required in melosis? Genetics 1974, 76:745-753.
82. Pammer M, Briza P, Ellinger A, Schuster T, Stucka R, Feldmann H, Breitenbach M: DIT101 (CSD2, CAL1), a cell cycle-regulated yeast gene required for synthesis of chitin in cell walls and chitosan in spore walls. Yeast 1992, 8:1089-1099.
83. Gimeno CJ, Ljungdahl PO, Styles CA, Fink GR: Unipolar cell divisions in the yeast S. cerevisiae lead to filamentous growth: regulation by starvation and RAS. Cell 1992, 68:1077-1090.
84. Kron SJ, Styles CA, Fink GR: Symmetric cell division in pseudohyphae of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Biol Cell 1994, 5:1003-1022.
85. Blacketer MJ, Madaule P, Myers AM: Mutational analysis of morphologic differentiation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genetics 1995, 140:1259-1275.
86. Sipiczki M: Phylogenesis of fission yeasts. Contradictions surrounding the origin of a century-old genus. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 1995, 68:119-149.
87. Nurse P: Fission yeast morphogenesis-posing the problems. Mol Biol Cell 5:613-616.
88. McCollum D, Balasubramanian MK, Pelcher LE, Hemmingsen SM, Gould KL: Schizosaccharomyces pombe cdc4 gene encodes a novel EF-hand protein essential for cytokinesis. J Cell Biol 1995, 130:651-660.
89. Fankhauser C, Reymond A, Cerutti L, Utzig S, Hofmann K, Simanis V: The S. pombe cdc15 gene is a key element in the reorganization of F-actin at mitosis. Cell 1995, 82:435-444.
90. Chang F, Wollard A, Nurse P: Isolation and characterization of fission yeast mutants defective in the assembly and placement of the contractile actin ring. J Cell Sci 1996, in press.
91. Sipiczki M, Grallert B, Miklos I: Mycellal and syncytial growth in Schizosaccharomyces pombe induced by novel septation mutations. J Cell Sci 1993, 104:485-493.
92. Gatti M, Baker BS: Genes controlling essential cell-cycle functions in Drosophila melanogaster. Genes Dev 1989, 3:438-453.
93. Karess RE, Chang X, Edwards KA, Kulkami S, Aguilera I, Kiehart DP: The regulatory light chain of nonmusde myosin is encoded by spaghetti-squash, a gene required for cytokinesis in Drosophila. Cell 1991, 65:1177-1189.
94. Miller KG, Kiehart DP: Fly division. J Cell Biol 1995, 131:1-5.
95. Byers TJ, Armstrong PB: Membrane protein redistribution during Xenopus first cleavage. J Cell Biol 1986, 102:2176-2184.
96. Fessier JH, Fessier LI: Drosophila extracellular matrix. Annu Rev Cell Biol 1989, 5:309-339.
97. Lehner C: The pebble gene is required for cytokinesis in Drosophila. J Cell Sci 1902, 103:1021-1030.
98. Hime G, Saint R: Zygotic expression of the pebble locus is required for cytokinesis during the postblastoderm mitoses of Drosophila. Development 1992, 114:165-171.
99. Field CM, Alberts BM: Anittin, a contractile ring protein that cycles from the nucleus to the cell cortex. J Cell Biol 1995, 131:165-178.
100. Sato N, Yonemura S, Obinata T, Tsukita S, Tsukita S: Radixin, a barbed end-capping actin-modulating protein, is concentrated at the cleavage furrow during cytokinesis. J Cell Biol 1991, 113:321-330.
101. Mackay AM, Eckley DM, Chue C, Earnshaw WC: Molecular analysis of the INCENPs (Inner Centromere Proteins): separate domains are required for association with microtubules during interphase and with the central spindle during anaphase. J Cell Biol 1993, 123:373-385.
102. Martineau AN, Andreassen PR, Margolis RL: Delay of HeLa cell cleavage into interphase using dihydrocytochalasin B: retention of a postmitotic spindle and telophase disc correlates with synchronous cleavage recovery. J Cell Biol 1995, 131:191-205.
103. Yonemura S, Nagafuchi A, Sato N, Tsukita S: Concentration of an integral membrane protein, CD43 (leukoslalin, slalophorin), in the cleavage furrow through the interaction of its cytoplasmic domain with actin-based cytoskeletons. J Cell Biol 1993, 120:437-449.
104. de Hostos EL, Rehfuess C, Bradtke B, Waddell DR, Albrecht R, Murphy J, Gerisch G: Dictyostelium mutants lacking the cytoskeletal protein coronin are defective in cytokinesis and cell motility. J Cell Biol 1993, 120:163-173.
105. Mabuchi I, Hamaguchi Y, Fujimoto H, Morii N, Mishima M, Narumiya S: A rho-like protein is involved in the organisation of the contractile ring in dividing sand dollar eggs. Zygote 1993, 1:325-331.
106. Young PE, Pesacreta TC, Kiehart DP: Dynamic changes in the distribution of cytoplasmic myosin during Drosophila embryogenesis. Development 1991, 111:1-14.
107. Pesacreta TC, Byers TJ, Dubreuil R, Kiehart DP, Branton D: Drosophila spectrin: the membrane skeleton during embryogenesis. J Cell Biol 1989, 108:1697-1709.
108. Planques V, Warn A, Warn RM: The effects of microinjection of rhodamine-phalloldin on mitosis and cytokinesis in early stage Drosophila embryos. Exp Cell Res 1991, 192:557-566.
109. Simpson L, Wieschaus E: Zygotic activity of the nullo locus is required to stabilize the actin-myosin network during cellularization in Drosophila. Development 1990, 110:851-863.
110. Postner MA, Wieschaus EF: The nullo protein is a component of the actin-myosin network that mediates cellularization in Drosophila melanogaster embryos. J Cell Sci 107:1863-1873.
111. Schweisguth F, Lepesant JA, Vincent A: The serendipity alpha gene encodes a membrane-associated protein required for the cellularization of the Drosophila embryo. Genes Dev 1990, 4:922-931.
112. Schejter ED, Wieschaus E: bottleneck acts as a regulator of the microfilament network governing cellularization of the Drosophila embryo. Cell 1993, 75:373-385.
113. Sullivan W, Theurkauf WE: The cytoskeleton and morphogenesis of the early Drosophila embryo. Curr Opin Cell Biol 1995, 7:18-22.
114. Sullivan W, Minden JS, Alberts BM: daughterless-ebo-like, a Drosophila maternal-effect mutation that exhibits abnormal centrosome separation during the late blastoderm divisions. Development 1990, 110:311-323.
115. Postner MA, Miller KG, Wieschaus E: Maternal effect mutations of the sponge locus affect actin cytoskeletal rearrangements in Drosophila melanogaster embryos. J Cell Biol 1992, 119:1205-1218.
116. Sullivan W, Fogarty P, Theurkauf W: Mutations affecting the cytoskeletal organization of syncytial Drosophila embryos. Development 1993, 118:1245-1254.
117. Young PE, Richman AM, Ketchum AS, Kiehart DP: Morphogenesis in Droaophila requires nonmuscle myosin heavy chain function. Genes Dev 1993, 7:29-41.
118. Knust E: Control of epithelial cell polarity in Drosophila. Trends Gene 1994, 10:275-280.
119. Woods DF, Bryant PJ: Apical Junctions and cell signalling in epithella. J Cell Sci 1993, (Suppl 17):171-181.
120. Carthew RW, Rubin GM: seven in absentia, a gene required for specification of R7 cell fate in the Drosophila eye. Cell 1990, 63:561-577.
121. Zipursky SL, Rubin GM: Determination of neuronal cell fate: lessons from the R7 neuron of Drosophila. Annu Rev Neurosci 1994, 17:373-397.
122. Krämer H, Cagan RL, Zipursky SL: Interaction of bride of sevenless membrane-bound ligand and the sevenless tyrosine-kinase receptor. Nature 1991, 352:201-212.
123. Cagan RL, Krämer H, Hart AC, Zipursky SL The bride of sevenless and sevenless interaction: Internalization of a transmembrane ligand. Cell 1992, 69:393-399.
124. Tomlinson A, Bowtell DLD, Hafen E, Rubin GM: Localization of the sevenless protein, a putative receptor for positional information, in the eye imaginal disc of Drosophila. Cell 1987, 51:143-150.
125. + protein is expressed apically in cell membranes of developing Drosophila retina; It is not restricted to cell R7. Cell 1987, 51:151-158.
126. Pilarski LM, Turley EA, Shaw ARE, Gallatin WM, Laderoute MP, Gillitzer R, Beckman IGR, Zola H: FMC46, a cell protrusion-associated leukocyte adhesion molecule-1 epitope on human lymphocytes and thymocytes. J Immunol 1991, 147:136-143.
127. Wick SM: Spatial aspects of cytokinesis in plant cells. Curr Opin Cell Biol 1991, 3:253-260.
128. Steensma HY, Van der Aart QJM: Sequence of the CDC10 region of chromosome III of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Yeast 1991, 7:425-430.
129. Saraste M, Sibbald PR, Wittinghofer A: The P-loop-a common motif in ATP- and GTP-binding proteins. Trends Biochem Sci 1990, 15:430-434.
130. Lupas A, Van Dyke M, Stock J: Predicting colled colls from protein sequences. Science 1991, 252:1162-1164.