Identification methods for campylobacters, helicobacters, and related organisms

Clinical Microbiology Reviews

Volumn 9, Issue 3, 1996, Pages 405-422

  On, Stephen L W ^a  

^a TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF DENMARK   (Denmark)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BACTERIUM DETECTION; CAMPYLOBACTER; GENOME; GRAM NEGATIVE INFECTION; HELICOBACTER; LIPID COMPOSITION; MASS SPECTROMETRY; NONHUMAN; NUCLEIC ACID ANALYSIS; PHENOTYPE; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; PROTEIN ANALYSIS; REVIEW; SERODIAGNOSIS;

BACTERIA (MICROORGANISMS); CAMPYLOBACTER; HELICOBACTER; NEGIBACTERIA;

EID: 0030036542     PISSN: 08938512     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1128/cmr.9.3.405     Document Type: Review

References (199)

1. Aeschbacher, M., and J.-C. Piffaretti. 1989. Population genetics of human and animal enteric Campylobacter strains. Infect. Immun. 57:1432-1437.
2. Akhtar, N., and A. Eley. 1992. Restriction endonuclease analysis and ribotyping differentiate genital and nongenital strains of Bacteroides ureolyticus. J. Clin. Microbiol. 30:2408-2414.
3. Alderton, M. R., V. Korolik, P. J. Coloe, F. E. Dewhirst, and B. J. Paster. 1995. Campylobacter hyoilei sp. nov., associated with porcine proliferative enteritis. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 45:61-66.
4. Barrett, T. J., C. M. Patton, and G. K. Morris. 1988. Differentiation of Campylobacter species using phenotypic characterisation. Lab. Med. 19:96-102.
5. Battles, J. K., J. C. Williamson, K. M. Pike, P. L. Gorelik, J. M. Ward, and M. A. Gonda. 1995. Diagnostic assay for Helicobacter hepaticus based on nucleotide sequence of its 16S rRNA gene. J. Clin. Microbiol. 33:1344-1347.
6. Bickley, J., R. J. Owen, A. G. Fraser, and R. E. Pounder. 1993. Evaluation of the polymerase chain reaction for detecting the urease C gene of Helicobacter pylori in gastric biopsies and dental plaque. J. Med. Microbiol. 39:338-344.
7. Blaser, M. J., C. W. Moss, and R. E. Weaver. 1980. Cellular fatty acid composition of Campylobacter fetus. J. Clin. Microbiol. 11:448-451.
8. Blom, K., C. M. Patton, M. A. Nicholson, and B. Swaminathan. 1995. Identification of Campylobacter fetus by PCR-DNA probe method. J. Clin. Microbiol. 33:1360-1362.
9. Bölin, I., H. Lönroth, and A.-M. Svennerholm. 1995. Identification of Helicobacter pylori by immunological dot blot method based on reaction of a species-specific monoclonal antibody with a surface-exposed protein. J. Clin. Microbiol. 33:381-384.
10. Bollet, C., H. Bouchemal, P. Deltin, and P. de Micco. 1990. Identification de Campylobacter jejuni par une sonde biotinylée. Pathol. Biol. 38:700-704.
11. Bolton, F. J., A. V. Holt, and D. N. Hutchinson. 1984. Campylobacter biotyping scheme of epidemiological value. J. Clin. Pathol. 37:677-681.
12. Brison, P., P. Courcoux, and A. Labigne. 1990. Detection of Helicobacter pylori by polymerase chain reaction. Rev. Esp. Enferm. Apar. Dig. (Madrid) 78(Suppl. 1):30.
13. Brondz, I., and L Olsen. 1991. Multivariate analyses of cellular fatty acids in Bacteroides, Prevotella, Porphyromonas, Wolinella, and Campylobacter spp. J. Clin. Microbiol. 29:183-189.
14. Bruce, D., J. V. Hookey, and S. A. Waitkins. 1988. Numerical classification of campylobacters by DNA-restriction endonuclease analysis. Zentralbl. Bakteriol. Mikrobiol. Hyg. Ser. A 269:284-297.
15. Bryant, T. N. 1991. Software for the development and evaluation of probabilistic identification matrices. Comput. Appl. Biosci. 7:189-193.
16. Bryant, T. N., A. G. Caper, and R. C. W. Berkeley. 1985. Microcomputer assisted identification of Bacillus species. Comput. Appl. Biosci. 1:23-27.
17. Burnens, A. P., J. Stanley, U. B. Schaad, and J. Nicolet. 1993. Novel Campylobacter-like organism resembling Helicobacter fennelliae isolated from a boy with gastroenteritis and from dogs. J. Clin. Microbiol. 31:1916-1917.
18. Butzler, J. P., P. Dekeyser, M. Detrain, and F. Dehaen. 1973. Related vibrio in stools. J. Paediatr. 82:493-495.
19. Chang, N., and D. E. Taylor. 1990. Use of pulsed-field agarose gel electrophoresis to size genomes of Campylobacter species and to construct a SalI map of Campylobacter jejuni UA580. J. Bacteriol. 172:5211-5217.
20. Chevrier, D., D. Larzul, F. Mégraud, and J.-L. Guesdon. 1989. Identification and classification of Campylobacter strains by using nonradioactive DNA probes. J. Clin. Microbiol. 27:321-326.
21. Clayton, C. I., H. Kleanthous, P. J. Coates, D. D. Morgan, and S. Tabaqchali. 1992. Sensitive detection of Helicobacter pylori by using polymerase chain reaction. J. Clin. Microbiol. 30:192-200.
22. Corbel, M. J., and K. P. W. Gill. 1987. Lectin agglutination of thermophilic Campylobacter species. Vet. Microbiol. 15:163-173.
23. Costas, M. 1992. Classification, identification and typing of bacteria by the analysis of their one-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic protein patterns. Adv. Electrophor. 5:351-408.
24. Costas, M., S. L. W. On, R. J. Owen, A. Lastovica, and B. Lopez-Urquijo. 1993. Differentiation of Helicobacter species by numerical analysis of their one-dimensional electrophoretic protein patterns. Syst. Appl. Microbiol. 16:396-404.
25. Costas, M., R. J. Owen, and P. J. H. Jackman. 1987. Classification of Campylobacter sputorum and allied campylobacters based on numerical analysis of electrophoretic protein patterns. Syst. Appl. Microbiol. 9:125-131.
26. Costas, M., R. J. Owen, D. D. Morgan, and C. S. Goodwin. 1991. Loss of urease activity in Helicobacter mustelae. Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 14:260-264.
27. Costas, M., B. Pot, P. Vandamme, K. Kersters, R. J. Owen, and L. R. Hill. 1990. Interlaboratory comparative study of the numerical analysis of one-dimensional sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic protein patterns of Campylobacter strains. Electrophoresis 11:467-474.
28. Cox, N., J. Johnston, Z. Szarka, D. J. M. Wright, and L. C. Archard. 1990. Characterization of an rRNA gene-specific cDNA probe: applications in bacterial identification. J. Gen. Microbiol. 136:1639-1643.
29. Cudjoe, K. S., G. Kapperud, and Ø. Olsvik. 1991. Identification of thermotolerant Campylobacter species from poultry using an enzyme-labelled oligonucleotide DNA probe. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 12:271-274.
30. Curtis, M. A. 1983. Cellular fatty acid profiles of campylobacters. Med. Lab. Sci. 40:333-348.
31. Derclaye, I., I. Delor, M. Van Bouchaute, P. Mourean, G. Wauters, and G. R. Cornelis. 1989. Identification of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli by gel electrophoresis of the outer membrane proteins. J. Clin. Microbiol. 27:1072-1076.
32. Desai, M., D. Linton, R. J. Owen, H. Cameron, and J. Stanley. 1993. Genetic diversity of Helicobacter pylori indexed with respect to clinical symptomatology, using a 16S rRNA and a species-specific DNA probe. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 75:574-582.
33. Dewhirst, F. E., B. J. Paster, G. J. Fraser, and I. Olsen. 1992. Phylogeny of 9 major groups of eubacteria based on 16S rRNA sequence comparisons, p. 6 and separate handout. In Abstracts of the Conference on Taxonomy and Automated Identification of Bacteria. Czechoslovak Society for Microbiology, Prague, Czech Republic.
34. Dewhirst, F. E., C. Seymour, G. J. Fraser, B. J. Paster, and J. G. Fox. 1994. Phylogeny of Helicobacter isolates from bird and swine feces and description of Helicobacter pamatensis sp. nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 44:553-560.
35. Dix, K., S. M. Watanabe, S. McArdle, D. I. Lee, C. Randolph, B. Moncla, and D. E. Schwartz. 1990. Species-specific oligonucleotide probes for the identification of periodontal bacteria. J. Clin. Microbiol. 28:319-323.
36. Drazek, E. S., A. Dubois, and R. K. Holmes. 1994. Characterization and presumptive identification of Helicobacter pylori isolates from rhesus monkeys. J. Clin. Microbiol. 32:1799-1804.
37. Dubrenil, J. D., M. Kostrzynska, S. M. Logan, L. A. Harris, J. W. Austin, and T. J. Trust. 1990. Purification, characterization, and localization of a protein antigen shared by thermophilic campylobacters. J. Clin. Microbiol. 28:1321-1328.
38. Duerden, B. I., A. Eley, L. Goodwin, J. T. Magee, J. M. Hindmarch, and K. W. Bennett. 1989. A comparison of Bacteroides ureolyticus isolates from different clinical sources. J. Med. Microbiol. 29:63-73.
39. Dunn, B. E., M. J. Blaser, and E. L. Snyder. 1987. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting of Campylobacter outer membrane proteins. Infect. Immun. 55:1564-1572.
40. Eaton, K. A., F. E. Dewhirst, M. J. Radin, J. G. Fox, B. J. Paster, S. Krakowa, and D. R. Morgan. 1993. Helicobacter acinonyx sp. nov., isolated from cheetahs with gastritis. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 43:99-106.
41. Eaton, K. A., and S. Krakowa. 1992. Chronic active gastritis due to Helicobacter pylori in immunized gnotobiotic pigs. Gastroenterology 103:1580-1586.
42. Engstrand, L., A.-M. H. Nguyen, D. Y. Graham, and F. A. K. El-Zaatari. 1992. Reverse transcription and PCR amplification of rRNA for the detection of Helicobacter species. J. Clin. Microbiol. 30:2295-2301.
43. Engstrand, L., C Páhlson, S. Gastavsson, and A. Schwan. 1986. Monoclonal antibodies for rapid identification of Helicobacter pylori. Lancet ii:1402-1403.
44. Eyers, M., S. Chapelle, G. Van Camp, H. Goossens, and R. De Wachter. 1993. Discrimination among thermophilic Campylobacter species by polymerase chain reaction amplification of 23S rRNA gene fragments. J. Clin. Microbiol. 31:3340-3343. (Erratum, 32:1623, 1994.)
45. Ezaki, T., N. Takeuchi, S. Liu, A. Kai, H. Yamamoto, and E. Yabuuchi. 1988. Small-scale DNA preparation for rapid genetic identification of Campylobacter species without radioisotope. Microbiol. Immunol. 32:141-150.
46. Falsen, E. 1983. Immunodiffusion as an aid in routine identification of uncommon aerobic Gram negative bacteria, p. 477-483. In H. Leclerc (ed.), Gram negative bacteria of medical and public health importance: taxonomy, identification, applications. Les éditíons de l'Institut Natíonal de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France.
47. Falsen, E., L. Nehls, and A. Börjesson. 1988. Immunotyping campylobacters. Taxonomic implications, p. 56-59. In B. Kaijser and E. Falsen (ed.), Campylobacter IV. Proceedings of the Fourth International Workshop on Campylobacter Infections. University of Göteborg, Göteborg, Sweden.
48. Ferguson, D. A., Jr., and D. W. Lambe. 1984. Differentiation of Campylobacter species by protein banding patterns in polyacrylamide slab gels. J. Clin. Microbiol. 20:453-460.
49. Fernie, D. S., and R. W. A. Park. 1977. The isolation and nature of campylobacters (microaerophilic vibrios) from laboratory and wild rodents. J. Med. Microbiol. 10:325-329.
50. Figura, N., P. Guglielmetti, P. Bardelli, S. Verdiani, C. Paoli, A. Rossolini, and S. Quaranta. 1989. Latex agglutination for rapid identification of Campylobacter pylori in culture and biopsies, p. 309-311. In G. M. Ruiz-Palacios, E. Calva, and B. R. Ruiz-Palacios (ed.), Campylobacter V. Proceedings of the Vth International Workshop on Campylobacter Infections. National Institute of Nutrition, Mexico City.
51. Fox, G. E., J. D. Wisotzkey, and P. Jurtshuk, Jr. 1992. How dose is close: 16S rRNA sequence identity may not be sufficient to guarantee species identity. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 42:166-170.
52. Fox, J. G., K. O. Maxwell, N. S. Taylor, C. D. Runsick, P. Edmonds, and D. J. Brenner. 1989. "Campylobacter upsaliensis" isolated from cats as identified by DNA relatedness and biochemical features. J. Clin. Microbiol. 27:2376-2378.
53. Fox, J. G., A. Lee, G. Otto, N. S. Taylor, and J. Murphy. 1991. Helicobacter felis gastritis in gnotobiotic rats: an animal model of Helicobacter pylori gastritis. Infect. Immun. 59:785-791.
54. Fox, J. G., B. J. Paster, F. E. Dewhirst, N. S. Taylor, L.-L. Yan, P. J. Macuch, and L. M. Chmura. 1992. Helicobacter mustelae isolation from feces of ferrets: evidence to support fecal-oral transmission of a gastric helicobacter. Infect. Immun. 60:606-611.
55. Fox, J. G., L. L. Yan, F. E. Dewhirst, B. J. Paster, B. Shames, J. C. Murphy, A. Hayward, J. C. Belcher, and E. N. Mendes. 1995. Helicobacter bilis sp. nov., a novel Helicobacter species isolated from bile, livers, and intestines of aged, inbred mice. J. Clin. Microbiol. 33:445-454.
56. Foxall, P. A., L.-T. Hu, and H. L. T. Mobley. 1992. Use of polymerase chain reaction-amplified Helicobacter pylori urease structural genes for differentiation of isolates. J. Clin. Microbiol. 30:739-741.
57. Garcia, M. M., M. D. Eaglesome, and C. Rigby. 1983. Campylobacters important in veterinary medicine Vet. Bull. 53:793-818.
58. Gebhart, C. J., S. M. Barns, S. McOrist, G.-F. Lin, and G. H. K. Lawson. 1993. Heal symbiont intracellularis, an obligate intracellular bacterium of porcine intestines showing a relationship to Desulfovibrio species. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 43:533-538.
59. Gebhart, C. J., G.-F. Lin, S. M. McOrist, G. H. K. Lawson, and M. P. Murtaugh. 1991. Cloned DNA probes specific for the intracellular Campylobacter-like organism of porcine proliferative enteritis. J. Clin. Microbiol. 29:1011-1015.
60. Gebhart, C. J., M. P. Murtaugh, G.-F. Lin, and G. E. Ward. 1990. Species-specific DNA probes for Campylobacter species isolated from pigs with proliferative enteritis. Vet. Microbiol. 24:367-379.
61. Gebhart, C. J., G. E. Ward, and P. Murtaugh. 1989. Species-specific cloned DNA probes for the identification of Campylobacter hyointestinalis. J. Clin. Microbiol. 27:2717-2723.
62. Giesendorf, B. A. J., A. van Belkum, A. Koeken, H. Stegeman, M. H. C. Henkeos, J. van der Plas, H. Goossens, H. G. M. Niesters, and W. G. V. Quint. 1993. Development of species-specific DNA probes for Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli, and Campylobacter lari by polymerase chain reaction fingerprinting. J. Clin. Microbiol. 31:1541-1546.
63. Gill, K. P. W., and M. J. Corbel. 1986. Lectin agglutination for the differentiation of Campylobacter fetus serotypes. Vet. Rec. 118:158.
64. Goodacre, R., M. J. Neal, D. B. Kell, L. W. Greenham, W. C. Noble, and R. G. Harvey. 1994. Rapid identification using pyrolysis mass spectrometry and artificial neural networks of Propionibacterium acries isolated from dogs. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 76:124-134.
65. Goodwin, C. S., J. A. Armstrong, T. Chilvers, M. Peters, M. D. Collins, L. Sly, W. McConnell, and W. E. S. Harper. 1989. Transfer of Campylobacter pylori and Campylobacter mustelae to Helicobacter gen. nov. as Helicobacter pylori comb. nov. and Helicobacter mustelae comb. nov., respectively. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 39:397-405.
66. Goodwin, C. S., W. McCoonell, R. K. McColloch, C. McCulloogh, R. Hill, M. A. Bronsdon, and G. Kasper. 1989. Cellular fatty acid composition of Campylobacter pylori from primates and ferrets compared with those of other Campylobacters. J. Clin. Microbiol. 27:938-943.
67. Griffiths, P. L., I. Hooper, C. R. Fricker, and R. W. A. Park. 1989. Rapid serological detection of campylobacters in stools and stool cultures using a latex agglutination test, p. 125-126. In G. M. Ruiz-Palacios, E. Calva, and B. R. Ruiz-Palacios (ed.), Compylobacter V. Proceedings of the Vth International Workshop on Campylobacter Infections. National Institute of Nutrition, Mexico City.
68. Griffiths, P. L., G. S. Moreno, and R. W. A. Park. 1992. Differentiation between thermophilic Campylobacter species by species-specific antibodies. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 72:467-474.
69. Griffiths, P. L., and R. W. A. Park. 1990. Campylobacters associated with human diarrhoeal disease. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 69:281-301.
70. Hall, G. S. 1992. Probe technology for the clinical microbiology laboratory. Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. 117:578-583.
71. Hammar, M., T. Tyszkiewicz, T. Wadström, and P. W. O'Toole. 1992. Rapid detection of Helicobacter pylori in gastric biopsy material by polymerase chain reaction. J. Clin. Microbiol. 30:54-58.
72. Hanna, J., S. D. Neill, J. J. O'Brien, and W. A. Ellis. 1983. Comparison of aerotolerant and reference strains of Campylobacter species by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 33:143-146.
73. 72a.Hänninen, M.-L., I. Happonen, S. Saari, and K. Jalava. 1996. Culture and characteristics of Helicobacter bizzozeronii, a new canine gastric Helicobacter sp. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 46:160-166.
74. Hänninen, M. L., K. Jalava, M. Kaartinen, I. Happonen, and S. Saari. 1995. Culture and characteristics of a "new" Helicobacter sp. resembling "H. heilmannii" isolated from gastric biopsies of dogs, p. 93, G2/1. In D. Newell, J. Ketky, and R. A. Feldman (ed.), Abstracts of the 8th International Workshop on Campylobacters, Helicobacters, and related organisms. Central Veterinary Laboratory, Weybridge, United Kingdom.
75. Hazeleger, W. C., R. R. Beumer, and F. M. Rombonts, 1992. The use of latex agglutination tests for determining Campylobacter species. Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 14:181-184.
76. Ho, S. A., J. A. Hoyle, F. A. Lewis, A. D. Secker, D. Cross, N. P. Mapstone, M. F. Dixon, J. I. Wyatt, D. S. Tompkins, and G. R. Taylor. 1991. Direct polymerase chain reaction test for detection of Helicobacter pylori in humans and animals. J. Clin. Microbiol. 29:2543-2549.
77. Hodinka, R. L., and P. H. Gilligan. 1988. Evaluation of the Campyslide agglutination test for confirmatory identification of selected Campylobacter species. J. Clin. Microbiol. 26:47-49.
78. Holmes, B., S. L. W. On, M. Ganner, and M. Costas. 1992. Some new applications of probabilistic identification, p. 6-9. In J. Schindler (ed.), Proceedings of the 1992 Conference on Taxonomy and Automated Identification of Bacteria. Czechoslovak Society for Microbiology, Prague, Czech Republic.
79. Hudson, M. J., P. Bhavsar, and R. Wait. 1988. Chemotaxonomy of the campylobacters, p. 34-36. In B. Kaijser and E. Falsen (ed.), Campylobacter IV. Proceedings of the Fourth International Workshop on Campylobacter Infections. University of Göteborg, Göteborg, Sweden.
80. Hum, S., and M. Panaccio. Unpublished data.
81. Husmann, M., C. Gries, P. Jehnichen, T. Woelfel, G. Gerken, W. Ludwig, and S. Bhakdi. 1994. Helicobacter sp. strain Mainz isolated from an AIDS patient with septic arthritis: case report and nonradioactive analysis of 16S rRNA sequence. J. Clin. Microbiol. 32:3037-3039.
82. Husson, M. O., and H. Leclerc. 1991. Specificity of monoclonal antibodies against Helicobacter pylori. Syst. Appl. Microbiol. 14:295-298.
83. Jacob, J., H. Lior, and I. Feuerpfeil. 1993. Isolation of Arcobacter butzleri from a drinking water reservoir in Eastern Germany. Zentralbl. Hyg. 193: 557-562.
84. Kato, Y., T. Satoh, C. Kaneuchi, T. Itoh, and M. Matsuda. 1993. Differentiation of thermophilic species of Campylobacter, in particular C. coli and C. jejuni, with atypical characteristics, by analysis of protein-banding profiles on non-denaturing polyacrylamide gels. Microbios 76:153-160.
85. Kiehlbauch, J. A., B. D. Plikaytis, B. Swaminathan, D. N. Cameroun, and I. Wachsmuth. 1991. Restriction fragment length polymorphisms in the ribosomal genes for species identification and subtyping of aerotolerant Campylobacter species. J. Clin. Microbiol. 29:1670-1676.
86. Kimura, F. N. Koizumi, K. Yoshida, S. Nakajima, T. Itoh, M. Takahashi, A. Kai, and Y. Yanagawa. 1989. Rapid identification of Campylobacter jejuni/coli in a latex agglutination test using monoclonal antibody, p. 123-124. In G. M. Ruiz-Palacios, E. Calva, and B. R. Ruiz-Palacios (ed.), Campylobacter V. Proceedings of the Vth International Workshop on Campylobacter Infections. National Institute of Nutrition, Mexico City.
87. Kirk, R., and M. T. Rowe. 1994. A PCR assay for the detection of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli in water. Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 19: 301-303.
88. Korolik, V., P. J. Coloe, and V. Krishnapillai. 1988. A specific DNA probe for the identification of Campylobacter jejuni. J. Gen. Microbiol. 134:521-529.
89. Laanbroek, H. J., W. Kingma, and H. Veldkamp. 1977. Isolation of an aspartate-fermenting, free-living Campylobacter species. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 1:99-102.
90. Lambert, M. A., C. M. Patton, T. J. Barrett, and C. W. Moss. 1987. Differentiation of Campylobacter and Campylobacter-like organisms by cellular fatty acid composition. J. Clin. Microbiol. 25:706-713.
91. Lastovica, A. J., E. Le Roux, R. Warren, and H. Klump. 1994. Additional data on clinical isolates of Campylobacter mucosalis. J. Clin. Microbiol. 32:2338-2339. (Letter.)
92. Leaper, S., and R. J. Owen. 1981. Identification of catalase-producing Campylobacter species based on biochemical characteristics and on cellular fatty acid composition. Curr. Microbiol. 6:31-35.
93. Lelwala-Guruge, J., F. Ascencio, A. Ljnugh, and T. Wadström. 1993. Rapid detection and characterisation of sialic acid-specific lectins of Helicobacter pylori. APMIS 101:695-702.
94. Li, C., D. A. Ferguson, Jr., T. Ha, D. S. Chi, and E. Thomas. 1993. A highly specific and sensitive DNA probe derived from chromosomal DNA of Helicobacter pylori is useful for typing H. pylori isolates. J. Clin. Microbiol. 31:2157-2162.
95. Linton, D., F. E. Dewhirst, J. P. Clewley, R. J. Owen, A. P. Burnens, and J. Stanley. 1994. Two types of 16S rRNA gene are found in Campylobacter helveticus: analysis, applications and characterisation of the intervening sequence found in some strains. Microbiology 140:847-855.
96. Loeffelholz, M. J., C. A. Lewinski, S. R. Silver, A. P. Purohit, S. A. Herman, D. A. Buonagurio, and E. A. Dragon. 1992. Detection of Chlamydia trachomatis in endocervical specimens by polymerase chain reaction. J. Clin. Microbiol. 30:2847-2851.
97. Magee, J. 1993. Whole-organism fingerprinting, p. 383-427. In M. Goodfellow and A. G. O'Donnell (ed.), Handbook of new bacterial systematics. Academic Press Ltd., London.
98. Majewski, S. I. H., and C. S. Goodwin. 1988. Restriction endonuclease analysis of the genome of Campylobacter pylori with a rapid extraction method: evidence for considerable genomic variation. J. Infect. Dis. 157: 465-471.
99. Malnick, H. 1986. Anaerobiospirillum or Campylobacter: a case of mistaken identity? Med. Lab. Sci. 43(Suppl. 1):S53.
100. Malnick, H., M. E. M. Thomas, H. Lotay, and M. Robbins. 1983. Anaerobiospirillum species associated from humans with diarrhoea. J. Clin. Pathol. 36:1097-1101.
101. McClung, C. R., D. G. Patriquin, and R. E. Davis. 1983. Campylobacter nitrofigilis sp. nov., a nitrogen-fixing bacterium associated with roots of Spartina alterniflora loisel. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 33:605-612.
102. McOrist, S., R. Boid, G. H. K. Lawson, and I. McConnell. 1987. Monoclonal antibodies to intracellular Campylobacter-like organisms of the porcine proliferative enteropathies. Vet. Rec. 121:421-422.
103. McOrist, S., C. J. Gebhart, R. Boid, and S. M. Barns. 1995. Characterization of Lawsonia intracellularis gen. nov., sp. nov., the obligately intracellular bacterium of porcine proliferative enteropathy. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 45:820-825.
104. McOrist, S., G. H. K. Lawson, D. J. Roy, and R. Boid. 1990. DNA analysis of intracellular campylobacter-like organisms associated with the porcine proliferative enteropathies: novel organism proposed. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 69:189-194.
105. Mégraud, F., D. Chevrier, N. Desplaces, A. Sedallian, and J. L. Guesdon. 1988. Urease-positive thermophilic Campylobacter (Campylobacter laridis variant) isolated from an appendix and from human feces. J. Clin. Microbiol. 26:1050-1051.
106. Microbial ID Inc. 1994. MIDI Sherlock system bacterial identification databases, version 3.8. Microbial ID Inc., Newark, Del.
107. Mishu, B., C. M. Patton, and R. V. Tauxe. 1992. Clinical and epidemiologic features of non-jejuni, non-coli Campylobacter species, p. 31-41. In I. Nachamkin, M. J. Blaser, and L. S. Tompkins (ed.), Campylobacter jejuni: current status and future trends. American Society for Microbiology, Washington, D.C.
108. Moore, L. V. H., D. M. Bourne, and W. E. C. Moore. 1994. Comparative distribution and taxonomic value of cellular fatty acids in thirty-three genera of anaerobic gram-negative bacilli. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 44:338-347.
109. Morotomi, M., S. Hoshina, P. Green, H. C. Neu, P. LoGerfo, I. Watanabe, M. Mutai, and I. B. Weinstein. 1989. Oligonucleotide probe for detection and identification of Campylobacter pylori. J. Clin. Microbiol. 27:2652-2655.
110. Morris, J. A., and R. W. A. Park. 1973. A comparison using gel electrophoresis of cell proteins of campylobacters (vibrios) associated with infertility, abortion, and swine dysentery. J. Gen. Microbiol. 78:165-178.
111. Moss, C. W., and M. I. Danashvar. 1992. Identification of some uncommon monounsaturated fatty acids of bacteria. J. Clin. Microbiol. 30:2511-2512.
112. Moss, C. W., A. Kai, M. A. Lambert, and C. Patton. 1984. Isoprenoid quinone content and cellular fatty acid composition of Campylobacter species. J. Clin. Microbiol. 19:772-776.
113. Monrean, P., I. Derclaye, D. Gregoire, M. Janssen, and G. R. Cornelis. 1989. Campylobacter species identification based on polymorphism of DNA encoding rRNA. J. Clin. Microbiol. 27:1514-1517.
114. Murray, R. G. E., D. J. Brenner, R. R. Colwell, P. De Vos, M. Goodfellow, P. A. D. Grimont, N. Pfennig, E. Stackebrandt, and G. A. Zavarzin. 1990. Report of the ad hoc committee on approaches to taxonomy within the Proteobacteria. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 40:213-215.
115. Nachamkin, I., and S. Barbagallo. 1990. Culture confirmation of Campylobacter species by latex agglutination. J. Clin. Microbiol. 28:817-818.
116. Neill, S. D., J. N. Campbell, J. J. O'Brien, S. T. Weatherup, and W. A. Ellis. 1985. Taxonomic position of Campylobacter cryaerophilus sp. nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 35:342-356.
117. Ng, L. K., M. E. Stiles, and D. E. Taylor. 1987. Classification of Campyiobacter strains using DNA probes. Mol. Cell. Probes 1:233-243.
118. O'Donnell, A. G., T. M. Embley, and M. Goodfellow. 1993. The future of bacterial systematics, p. 513-524. In M. Goodfellow and A. G. O'Donnell (ed.), Handbook of new bacterial systematics. Academic Press Ltd., London.
119. Ohya, T., M. Kubo, and H. Watase. 1988. Electrophoretic protein patterns in Campylobacter species with special reference to Campylobacter mucosalis and Campylobacter hyointestinalis. Jpn. J. Vet. Sci. 50:692-698.
120. On, S. L. W. 1994. Confirmation of human Campylobacter concisus isolates misidentified as Campylobacter mucosalis and suggestions for improved differentiation between the two species. J. Clin. Microbiol. 32:2305-2306.
121. On, S. L. W. Computer-assisted strategies for identifying campylobacteria, In D. Newell, J. Ketley, and R. A. Feldman (ed.), Campylobacter VIII. Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Campylobacters, Helicobacters, and related organisms, in press. Plenum Press, Newark, Del.
122. On, S. L. W., B. Bloch, B. Holmes, B. Hoste, and P. Vandamme. 1995. Campylobacter hyointestinalis subsp. lawsonii subsp. nov., isolated from the porcine stomach, and an emended description of Campylobacter hyointestinalis. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 45:767-774.
123. On, S. L. W., M. Costas, and B. Holmes. 1994. Classification and identification of Campylobacter sputorum using numerical analyses of phenotypic tests and of one-dimensional electrophoretic protein profiles. Syst. Appl. Microbiol. 17:543-553.
124. On, S. L. W., and B. Holmes. 1991. Effect of inoculum size on the phenotypic characterization of Campylobacter species. J. Clin. Microbiol. 29:923-926.
125. On, S. L. W., and B. Holmes. 1991. Reproducibility of tolerance tests that are useful in the identification of campylobacteria. J. Clin. Microbiol. 29: 1785-1788.
126. On, S. L. W., and B. Holmes. 1992. Assessment of enzyme detection tests useful in identification of campylobacteria. J. Clin. Microbiol. 30:746-749.
127. On, S. L. W., and B. Holmes. 1994. A probabilistic identification matrix for rRNA superfamily VI, p. 314, abstr. BC 11/4. In Abstracts of the 7th International Union of Microbiological Societies (IUMS) Congresses 1994. Czechoslovak Society for Microbiology, Prague, Czech Republic.
128. On, S. L. W., and B. Holmes. 1995. Classification and identification of campylobacters, helicobacters and allied taxa by numerical analysis of phenotypic tests. Syst. Appl. Microbiol. 18:374-390.
129. On, S. L. W., B. Holmes, and M. Sackin. A probability matrix for the identification of campylobacters, helicobacters, and allied taxa. J. Appl. Bacteriol., in press.
130. On, S. L. W., F. Ridgwell, B. Cryan, and B. S. Azadian. 1992. Isolation of Campylobacter sputorun biovar sputorum from an axillary abscess. J. Infect. 24:175-179.
131. On, S. L. W., A. Stacey, and J. Smyth. 1995. Isolation of Arcobacter butzleri from a neonate with bacteraemia. J. Infect. 31:225-227.
132. Owen, R. J., M. Costas, and C. Dawson. 1989. Application of different chromosomal DNA restriction digest fingerprints to specific and subspecific identification of campylobacter isolates. J. Clin. Microbiol. 27:2338-2343.
133. Owen, R. J., M. Costas, D. D. Morgan, S. L. W. On, L. R. Hill, A. D. Pearson, and D. R. Morgan. 1989. One-dimensional electrophoretic protein fingerprints for identifying and typing Campylobacter pylori, p. 95-98. In F. Mégraud and H. Lamouliatte (ed.), Gastroduodenal pathology and Campylobacter pylori. Proceedings of the First Meeting of the European Campylobacter pylori Study Group, Bordeaux, France. Elsevier Science Publishing, Amsterdam.
134. Owen, R. J., and P. J. H. Jackman. 1982. The similarities between Pseudomonas paucimobilis and allied bacteria derived from analysis of deoxyribonucleic acids and electrophoretic protein patterns. J. Gen. Microbiol. 128: 2945-2954.
135. Oyofo, B. A., S. A. Thornton, D. H. Burr, T. J. Trust, O. R. Pavlovskis, and P. Guerry. 1992. Specific detection of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli using polymerase chain reaction. J. Clin. Microbiol. 30:2613-2619.
136. Patton, C. M., I. K. Wachsmuth, G. M. Evins, J. A. Kiehlbauch, B. D. Plikaytis, N. Troup, L. Tompkins, and H. Lior. 1991. Evaluation of 10 methods to distinguish epidemic-associated Campylobacter strains. J. Clin. Microbiol. 29:680-688.
137. Penner, J. L. 1988. The genus Campylobacter: a decade of progress. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 1:157-172.
138. Picken, R. N., Z. Wang, and H. L. Yang. 1987. Molecular cloning of a species-specific DNA probe for Campylobacter jejuni. Mol. Cell. Probes 1:245-279.
139. Priest, F., and B. Austin. 1993. Modem bacterial taxonomy, 2nd ed. Chapman & Hall, London.
140. Quentin, R., D. Chevrier, J. L. Guesdon, C. Martin, F. Pierre, and A. Goudeau. 1993. Use of nonradioactive DNA probes to identify a Campylobacter jejuni strain causing abortion. Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 12:627-630.
141. Radin, M. J., K. A. Eaton, S. Krakowa, D. R. Morgan, A. Lee, G. Otto, and J. Fox. 1990. Helicobacter pylori gastric infection in gnotobiotic dogs. Infect. Immun. 58:2606-2612.
142. Bashtchian, A., M. A. Abbott, and M. Shaffer. 1987. Cloning and characterization of genes coding for ribosomal RNA in Campylobacter jejuni. Curr. Microbiol. 14:311-317.
143. Reina, J., C. Muñoz, and A. Serra. 1993. Utility of API-Campy system (bioMerieux) in the biochemical identification of 62 hippurate-negative Campylobacter strains. Abstracts of the VIIth International Workshop on Campylobacter, Helicobacter and related organisms. Acta Gastroenterol. Belgi. Suppl. 56:22.
144. Rodewig, U., W. Bemb, D. Bitter-Suermann, M. Elsheikh, S. Fritsch, E. Glenn-Calvo, B. Sondah, M. Varrentrapp, S. Wagner, and W. Bär. 1992. Evaluation of a monoclonal antibody for detection of Helicobacter pylori in a direct immunofluorescence test. Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 11: 737-739.
145. Romaniuk, P. J., and T. J. Trust. 1987. Identification of Campylobacter species by Southern hybridization of genomic DNA by using an oligonucleotide probe for 16S rRNA genes. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 43:331-335.
146. Romaniuk, P. J., and T. J. Trust. 1989. Rapid identification of Campylobacter species using oligonucleotide probes to 16S ribosomal RNA. Mol. Cell. Probes 3:133-142.
147. Romero-Lopez, C., R. J. Owen, N. Banatvala, Y. Abdi, J. M. Hardie, G. R. Davies, and R. Feldman. 1993. Comparison of urease gene primer sequences for PCR-based amplification assays in identifying the gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori. Mol. Cell. Probes 7:439-446.
148. Roop, R. M., II, R. M. Smibert, J. L. Johnson, and N. R. Krieg. 1984. Differential characteristics of catalase-positive campylobacters correlated with DNA homology groups. Can. J. Microbiol. 30:938-951.
149. Roop, R. M., II, R. M. Smibert, J. L. Johnson, and N. R. Krieg. 1985. DNA homology studies of the catalase-negative campylobacters and "Campylobacter fecalls," an emended description of Campylobacter sputorum, and proposal of the neotype strain of Campylobacter sputorum. Can. J. Microbiol. 31:823-831.
150. Salama, S. M., M. M. Garcia, and D. E. Taylor. 1992. Differentiation of the subspecies of Campylobacter fetus by genomic sizing. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 42:446-450.
151. Schauer, D. B., N. Ghori, and S. Falkow. 1993. Isolation and characterization of "Flexispira rappini" from laboratory mice. J. Clin. Microbiol. 31: 2709-2714.
152. Schleifer, K. H., W. Ludwig, and R. Amann. 1993. Nucleic acid probes, p. 463-510. In M. Goodfellow and A. G. O'Donnell (ed.), Handbook of new bacterial systematics. Academic Press Ltd., London.
153. Sebald, M., and M. Véron. 1963. Teneur en bases de I'ADN et classification des vibrions. Ann. Inst. Pasteur (Paris) 105:897-910.
154. Seymour, C., R. G. Lewis, M. Kim, D. F. Gagnon, J. G. Fox, F. E. Dewhirst, and B. J. Paster. 1994. Isolation of Helicobacter strains from wild bird and swine feces. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 60:1025-1028.
155. Skirrow, M. B. 1977. Campylobacter enteritis: a 'new' disease. Br. Med. J. 2:9-11.
156. Skirrow, M. B., and J. Benjamin. 1980. "1001" campylobacters: cultural characteristics of intestinal campylobacters from man and animals. J. Hyg. (Camb.) 85:427-442.
157. Smibert, R. M. 1974. Genus Campylobacter, p. 207-212. In R. E. Buchanan and N. E. Gibbons (ed.), Bergey's manual of determinative bacteriology, 8th ed. The Williams & Wilkins Co., Baltimore.
158. Smibert, R. M. 1978. The genus Campylobacter. Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 32:673-709.
159. Smibert, R. M. 1984. Genus Campylobacter, p. 111-118. In N. R. Krieg and J. G. Holt (ed.), Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology, vol. 1. The Williams & Wilkins Co., Baltimore.
160. Sneath, P. H. A. 1979. Basic program for identification of an unknown with presence-absence data against an identification matrix of percent positive characters. Comput Geosci. 5:195-213.
161. Selnick, J. V., J. O'Rourke, A. Lee, B. J. Paster, F. E. Dewhirst, and L. S. Tompkins. 1993. An uncultured gastric spiral organism is a newly identified Helicobacter in humans. J. Infect. Dis. 168:379-385.
162. Stackebrandt, E., and B. M. Goebel. 1994. Taxonomic note: a place for DNA-DNA reassociation and 16S rRNA sequence analysis in the present species definition in bacteriology. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 44:846-849.
163. Stanley, J., A. P. Burnens, D. Linton, S. L. W. On, M. Costas, and R. J. Owen. 1992. Campylobacter helveticus sp. nov., a new thermophilic species from domestic animals: characterization, and cloning of a species-specific DNA probe J. Gen. Microbiol. 138:2293-2303.
164. Stanley, J., C. Jones, A. Burnens, and R. J. Owen. 1994. Distinct genotypes of human and canine isolates of Campylobacter upsaliensis determined by 16S rRNA gene typing and plasmid profiling. J. Clin. Microbiol. 32:1788-1794.
165. Stanley, J., D. Linton, A. P. Burnens, F. E. Dewhirst, S. L. W. On, A. Porter, R. J. Owen, and M. Costas. 1994. Helicobacter pullorum sp. nov. - genotype and phenotype of a new species isolated from poultry and from human patients with gastroenteritis. Microbiology 140:3441-3449.
166. Stanley, J., D. Linton, A. P. Burnens, F. E. Dewhirst, R. J. Owen, A. Porter, S. L. W. On, and M. Costas. 1993. Helicobacter canis sp. nov., a new species from dogs: an integrated study of phenotype and genotype. J. Gen. Microbiol. 139:2495-2504.
167. Stonnet, V., and J.-L. Guesdon. 1993. Campylobacter jejuni: specific oligonucleotides and DNA probes for use in polymerase chain reaction-tested diagnosis. FEMS Immunol. Med. Microbiol. 7:337-344.
168. Stucki, U., J. Frey, J. Nicolet, and A. P. Burnens. 1995. Identification of Campylobacter jejuni on the basis of a species-specific gene that encodes a membrane protein. J. Clin. Microbiol. 33:855-859.
169. Sutellffe, E. M., D. M. Jones, and A. D. Pearson. 1991. Latex agglutination for the detection of Campylobacter species in water. Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 12:72-74.
170. Taylor, D. E., and N. Chang. 1987. Immunoblot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays of Campylobacter major outer-membrane protein and application to the differentiation of Campylobacter species. Mol. Cell. Probes 1:261-274.
171. Taylor, D. E., and K. Hiratsuka. 1990. Use of non-radioactive DNA probes for detection of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli in stool specimens. Mol. Cell. Probes 4:261-271.
172. Tenover, F. C., L. Carlson, S. Barbagallo, and I. Nachamkin. 1990. DNA probe culture confirmation assay for identification of thermophilic Campylobacter species. J. Clin. Microbiol. 28:1284-1287.
173. Thiele, D. 1992. The technique of polymerase chain reaction - a new diagnostic tool in microbiology and other scientific fields (review). Zentralbl. Bakteriol. 273:431-454.
174. Thorne, G. M., A. Macone, and D. A. Goldmann. 1990. Enzymatically labelled nucleic acid (NA) probe assays for detection at Campylobacter spp. in human faecal specimens and in culture. Mol. Cell. Probes 4:133-142.
175. Thornton, S. A., S. M. Logan, T. J. Trust, and P. Guerry. 1990. Polynucleotide sequence relationships among flagellin genes of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli. Infect. Immun. 58:2686-2689.
176. Totten, P. A., C. M. Patton, F. C. Tenover, T. J. Barrett, W. E. Stamm, A. G. Steigerwalt, J. Y. Lin, K. K. Holmes, and D. J. Brenner. 1987. Prevalence and characterisation of hippurate-negative Campylobacter jejuni in King County, Washington. J. Clin. Microbiol. 25:1747-1752.
177. Ursing, J. B., H. Lior, and R. J. Owen. 1994. Proposal of minimal standards for describing new species of the family Campylobacteraceae. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 44:842-845.
178. R. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 77:694-701.
179. Valentine, J. L., R. R. Arthur, H. L. T. Mobley, and J. D. Dick. 1991. Detection of Helicobacter pylori by using the polymerase chain reaction. J. Clin. Microbiol. 29:689-695.
180. Van Camp, G., Y. V. De Peer, S. Nicolai, J.-M. Neefs, P. Vandamme, and R. De Wachter. 1993. Structure of 16S and 23S ribosomal RNA genes in Campylobacter species: phylogenetic analysis of the genus Campylobacter and presence of internal transcribed spacers. Syst. Appl. Microbiol. 16:361-368.
181. Van Camp, G., H. Fierens, P. Vandamme, H. Goossens, A. Huyghebaert, and R. De Wachter. 1993. Identification of enteropathogenic Campylobacter species by oligonucleotide probes and polymerase chain reaction based on 16S rRNA genes. Syst. Appl. Microbiol. 16:30-36.
182. Vandamme, P., M. I. Danashvar, F. E. Dewhirst, B. J. Paster, K. Kersters, H. Goossens, and C. W. Moss. 1995. Chemotaxonomic analyses of Bacteroides gracilis and Bacteroides ureolyticus and reclassification of B. gracilis as Campylobacter gracilis comb. nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 45:145-152.
183. Vandamme, P., and J. De Ley. 1991. Proposal for a new family, Campylobacteraceae. Int. J. Syst Bacteriol. 41:451-455.
184. Vandamme, P., D. Dewettinck, and K. Kersters. 1992. Application of numerical analysis of electrophoretic protein profiles for the identification of thermophilic campylobacters. Syst. Appl. Microbiol. 15:402-408.
185. Vandamme, P., E. Falsen, B. Pot, B. Hoste, K. Kersters, and J. De Ley. 1989. Identification of EF group 22 campylobacters from gastroenteritis cases as Campylobacter concisus. J. Clin. Microbiol. 27:1775-1781.
186. Vandamme, P., E. Falsen, R. Rossau, B. Hoste, P. Segers, R. Tytgat, and J. De Ley. 1991. Revision of Campylobacter, Helicobacter, and Wolinella taxonomy: emendation of generic descriptions and proposal of Arcobacter gen. nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 41:88-103.
187. Vandamme, P., and H. Goossens. 1992. Taxonomy of Campylobacter, Arcobacter, and Helicobacter: a review. Zentralbl. Bakteriol. 276:447-472.
188. Vandamme, P., B. Pot, E. Falsen, K. Kersters, and J. De Ley. 1990. Intra-and interspecific relationships of veterinary campylobacters revealed by numerical analysis of electrophoretic protein profiles and DNA:DNA hybridizations. Syst. Appl. Microbiol. 13:295-303.
189. Vandamme, P., B. Pot, and K. Kersters. 1991. Differentiation of campylobacters and Campylobacter-like organisms by numerical analysis of one-dimensional electrophoretic protein patterns. Syst. Appl. Microbiol. 14:57-66.
190. Vandamme, P., M. Vancanneyt, B. Pot, L. Mels, B. Hoste, D. Dewettinck, L. Vlaes, C. Van Den Borre, R. Higgins, J. Hommez, K. Kersters, J.-P. Butzler, and H. Goossens. 1992. Polyphasic taxonomic study of the emended genus Arcobacter with Arcobacter butzleri comb. nov. and Arcobacter skirrowii sp. nov., an aerotolerant bacterium isolated from veterinary specimens. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 42:344-356.
191. Véron, M., and R. Chatelain. 1973. Taxonomic study of the genus Campylobacter Sebald and Véron and designation of the neotype strain for the type species, Campylobacter fetus (Smith and Taylor) Sebald and Véron. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 23:122-134.
192. Walder, M., K. Sandstedt, and J. Ursing. 1983. Phenotypic characteristics of thermotolerant Campylobacter from human and animal sources. Curr. Microbiol. 9:291-296.
193. Wayne, L. G., D. J. Brenner, R. R. Colwell, P. A. D. Grimont, O. Kandler, M. I. Krichevsky, L. H. Moore, W. E. C. Moore, R. G. E. Murray, E. Stackebrandt, M. P. Starr, and H. G. Trüper. 1987. Report of the ad hoc committee on reconciliation of approaches to bacterial systematics. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 37:463-464.
194. Wesley, I. V., L. Schroeder-Tucker, A. L. Baetz, F. E. Dewhirst, and B. J. Paster. 1995. Arcobacter-specific and Arcobacter butzleri-specific 16S rRNA-based DNA probes. J. Clin. Microbiol. 33:1691-1698.
195. Wesley, I. V., R. D. Wesley, J. Bryner, and B. Paster. 1989. Re-examination of Campylobacter hyointestinalis and C. fetus, p. 420. In G. M. Ruiz-Palacios, E. Calva, and B. R. Ruiz-Palacios (ed.), Campylobacter V. Proceedings of the Vth International Workshop on Campylobacter Infections. National Institute of Nutrition, Mexico City.
196. Wesley, I. V., R. D. Wesley, M. Cardella, F. E. Dewhirst, and B. J. Paster. 1991. Oligodeoxynucleotide probes for Campylobacter fetus and Campylobacter hyointestinalis based on 16S rRNA sequences. J. Clin. Microbiol. 29:1812-1817.
197. 32P-labelled probe. J. Med. Microbiol. 26:257-263.
198. Wong, K. H., S. K. Skelton, and J. C. Feeley. 1986. Strain characterization and grouping of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli by interaction with lectins. J. Clin. Microbiol. 23:407-410.
199. Zbou, Y. T., and S. Q. Wang. 1989. Application of a biotin-labelled DNA probe to detect campylobacter. Int. J. Med. Microbiol. 272:186-190.