Liver transplantation

Current Opinion in Gastroenterology

Volumn 12, Issue 3, 1996, Pages 290-299

  Keeffe, Emmet B ^a   Esquivel, Carlos O ^a  

^a STANFORD UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AGENT; TACROLIMUS;

ACUTE HEPATITIS; CHRONIC HEPATITIS; GRAFT REJECTION; HUMAN; IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE TREATMENT; LIVER TRANSPLANTATION; ORGAN DONOR; PATIENT SELECTION; REVIEW; SURGICAL TECHNIQUE; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 0030036058     PISSN: 02671379     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00001574-199605000-00012     Document Type: Review

References (72)

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3. Pons JA: Role of liver transplantation in viral hepatitis. J Hepatol 1995, 22(supp 1):146-153.
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11. Bartholomew M, Vicary C, Roach K, Jeffers U, Bernstein D, de Medina M, Tzakis AG, Schiff EG: Use of lamivudine in the treatment of recurrent hepatitis B infection post-liver transplantation [abstract]. Gastroenterology 1995, 108:A1030.
12. Angus PW, Locarnini SA, McCaughan GW, Jones RM, McMillan JS, Bowden DS: Hepatitis B virus precore mutant Infection is associated with severe recurrent disease after transplantation. Hepatology 1995, 21:14-18. This study clearly demonstrates that liver transplantation in patients with the precore mutant strain is associated with early graft loss.
13. Gish RG, Keeffe EB, Lim J, Brooks U, Esquivel CO: Survival after liver transplantation for chronic hepatitis B using reduced immunosuppresslon. J Hepatol 1995, 22:257-262.
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16. Di Bisceglie AM: Liver transplantation for hepatitis C: the promise and the challenge. Hepatology 1995, 22:660-662.
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18. Duvoux C, Pawlotsky J-M, Cherqui D, Van Nhieu JT, Metreau J-M, Fagniez P-L, Duval J, Zafrani E-S, Dhumeaux D: Serial quantitative determination of hepatitis C virus RNA levels after liver transplantation: a useful test for diagnosis of hepatitis C virus reinfection. Transplantation 1995, 60::457-461.
19. Féray C, Gigou M, Samuel D, Paradis V, Mishiro S, Maertens G, Reynés M, Okamoto H, Bismuth H, Bréchot C: Influence of the genotypes of hepatitis C virus on the severity of recurrent liver disease after liver transplantation. Gastroenterology 1995, 108:1088-1096. In a study of 60 anti-HCV-positive liver recipients, 40 had genotype 1b. Episodes of acute and chronic hepatitis were more common in the patients with genotype 1b, and the authors concluded that HCV 1b is associated with more aggressive recurrent liver disease.
20. Zein NN, Rakela J, Poterucha JJ, Steers JL, Wiesner RH, Persing DH: Hepatitis C genotypes in liver transplant recipients: distribution and 1-year follow-up. Liver Transplant Surg 1995, 1:354-357.
21. Sheiner PA, Schwartz ME, Mor E, Schluger LK, Theise N, Kishikawa K, Kolesnikov V, Bodenheimer H, Emre S, Miller CM: Severe or multiple rejection episodes are associated with early recurrence of hepatitis C after orthotopic liver transplantation. Hepatology 1995, 21:30-34. In a retrospective analysis of 96 patients who received transplants for chronic hepatitis C, severe or multiple rejection episodes were associated with early recurrence of hepatitis C after transplantation.
22. Féray C, Samuel D, Gigou M, Paradis V, David MF, Lemonnier C, Reynés M, Bismuth H: An open trial of Interferon alfa recombinant for hepatitis C after liver transplantation: antiviral effects and risk of rejection. Hepatology 1995, 22:1084-1089. In an open trial, Interferon alfa not only had a poor antiviral effect but also induced chronic rejection in five of 14 patients, leading to retransplantation in three of the five patients. This experience suggests that Interferon should be used cautiously and only in the setting of an experimental trial after transplantation.
23. Smith MSH, Webster ADB, Dhillon AP, Dusheiko G, Boulton R, Savage K, Rolles K, Burroughs AK: Orthotopic liver transplantation for chronic hepatitis in two patients with common variable immunodeficiency. Gastroenterology 1995, 108:879-884.
24. Rahamimov R, Ilan Y, Eid A, Shouval D, Tur-Kaspa R: Hepatitis C-associated cryoglobulinemia after liver transplantation. Transplantation 1995, 60:1050-1051.
25. Goetz AM, Ndimbie OK, Wagener MM, Muder RR: Prevalence of hepatitis C infection in health care workers affiliated with a liver transplant center. Transplantation 1995, 59:990-994.
26. McCashland TM, Wright TL, Donovan JP, Schafer DF, Sorrell MF, Heffron TG, Langnas AM, Fox IJ, Shaw BW Jr, Zetterman RK: Low incidence of intraspousal transmission of hepatitis C virus after liver transplantation. Liver Transplant Surg 1995, 1:358-361.
27. Tibbs C, Williams R: Viral causes and management of acute liver failure. J Hepatol 1995, 22(suppl 1):68-73.
28. Wall WJ, Adams PC: Liver transplantation for fulminant hepatic failure: North American experience. Liver Transplant Surg 1995, 1:178-182. Concise review of trends in liver transplantation for fulminant hepatic failure, including review of the literature regarding candidacy, timing, and outcomes.
29. Ellis AJ, Saleh M, Smith H, Portmann B, Gimson A, Williams R: Late-onset hepatic failure: clinical features, serology and outcome following transplantation. J Hepatol 1995, 23:363-372.
30. Bismuth H, Samuel D, Castaing D, Adams R, Saliba F, Johann M, Azoulay D, Ducot B, Chiche L: Orthotopic liver transplantation in fulminant and subfulminant hepatitis. The Paul Brousse experience. Ann Surg 1995, 222:109-119. Detailed analysis of a large experience from one center with liver transplantation for fulminant and subfulminant liver failure. Of 139 patients with acute or subacute liver failure, 116 received transplants, and 68% survived 1 year. Lesser degrees of coma and low risk grafts were associated with better outcomes.
31. Devlin J, Wendon J, Heaton M, Tan K-C, Williams R: Pretransplantation clinical status and outcome of emergency transplantation for acute liver failure. Hepatology 1995, 21:1018-1024.
32. Boudjema K, Cherqui D, Jaeck D, Chenard-Neu M-P, Steib A, Freis G, Becmeur F, Brunot B, Simeoni U, Bellocq J-P, et al.: Auxiliary liver transplantation for fulminant and subfulminant hepatic failure. Transplantation 1995, 59:218-223. This modest experience with auxiliary liver transplantation demonstrates its technical feasibility and ability to provide adequate hepatic function. Moreover, native liver function often returns, allowing immunosuppresion to be withdrawn.
33. Makowka L, Cramer DV, Huffman A, Breda M, Sher L, Eiras-Hreha G, Tuso PJ, Yasunaga C, Cosenza CA, Wu GD, et al.: The use of a pig liver xenograft for temporary support of a patient with fulminant hepatic failure. Transplantation 1995, 59:1654-1659. This experimental use of a pig xenograft demonstrates both short-term feasibility in supporting hepatic function (approximately 24 hours) and problems yet to be surmounted to control rejection.
34. Farges O, Malassagne B, Sebagh M, Bismuth H: Primary sclerosing cholangitis: liver transplantation or biliary surgery. Surgery 1995, 117:146-155.
35. Narumi S, Roberts JP, Emond JC, Lake J, Ascher NL: Liver transplantation for sclerosing cholangitis. Hepatology 1995, 22:451-457.
36. Ringe B, Lang H, Oldhafer K-J, Gebel M, Flemming P, Georgii A, Borst H-G, Pichlmayr R: Which is the best surgery for Budd-Chiari syndrome: venous decompression or liver transplantation? A single-center experience with 50 patients. Hepatology 1995, 21 1337-1344. The ideal surgical approach to Budd-Chiari syndrome remains controversial. In one of the largest published experiences with liver transplantation for BuddChiari syndrome, transplantation was shown to be superior to decompression (69% vs 29% success rate). The authors provide a fresh perspective regarding decision making for surgical therapy and discuss the limitations of using liver biopsy that has been touted as a discrimative test.
37. Bellary S, Hasssanein T, Van Thiel DH: Liver transplantation for Wilson's disease. J Hepatol 1995, 23:373-381.
38. Suhr OB, Holmgren G, Steen L, Wikström L, Norden G, Friman S, Duraj FF, Groth C-G, Ericzon B-G: Liver transplantation in familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy. Transplantation 1995, 60:933-938.
39. Kowdley KV, Hassanein T, Kaur S, Farrell FJ, Van Thiel DH, Keeffe EB, Sorrell MF, Bacon BR, Weber FL Jr, Tavill AS: Primary liver cancer and survival in patients undergoing liver transplantation for hemochromatosis. Liver Transplant Surg 1995, 1:237-241.
40. Routley D, Ragame JK, McPeake J, Tan K-C, Williams R: Orthotopic liver transplantation in the treatment of metastatic neuroendocrine tumors of the liver. Liver Transplant Surg 1995, 1:118-121.
41. Dousset B, Houssin D, Soubrane O, Boillot O, Baudin F, Chapuis Y: Metastatic endocrine tumors: is there a place for liver transplantation? Liver Transplant Surg 1995, 1:111-117.
42. Meuller J, Keeffe EB, Esquivel CO: Liver transplantation for treatment of giant hepatocellular adenomas. Liver Transplant Surg 1995, 1:99-102.
43. Neuberger J: Liver allograft rejection: current concepts on diagnosis and treatment J Hepatol 1995, 23(suppl 1):54-61. Excellent comprehensive review of both the diagnosis of rejection and treatment with current and future immunosuppressive agents.
44. Fisher LF, Henley KS, Lucey MR: Acute cellular rejection after liver transplantation: variability, morbidity, and mortality. Liver Transplant Surg 1995, 1:10-15.
45. Gupta SD, Hudson M, Burroughs AK, Morris R, Rolles K, Amlot P, Scheuer PJ, Dhillon AP: Grading of cellular rejection after Orthotopic liver transplantation. Hepatology 1995, 21:46-57. Detailed analysis of a large number of patients biopsied after liver transplantation with clear description of the range of histologic findings in rejection and classification into grade of severity.
46. International Working Party: Terminology for hepatic allograft rejection. Hepatology 1995, 22:648-654. Important international contribution to the terminology of acute and chronic rejection. Terms and codes are offerred for standard usage.
47. Howard TK, Klintmalm GBG, Cofer JB, Husberg BS, Goldstein RM, Gonwa TA: The influence of preservation injury on rejection in the hepatic transplant recipient Transplantation 1990, 49:103-107.
48. Shackleton CR, Martin P, Melinek J, Stothers L, Millis JM, Olthoff KM, Imagawa DK, Kinkhabwala M, Rudich S, Seu P, et al.: Lack of correlation between the magnitude of preservation injury and the incidence of acute rejection, need for OKT3, and conversion to FK506 in cyclosporine-treated primary liver allograft recipients. Transplantation 1995, 60:554-558.
49. Katz E, Thor E, Patel, Theise N, Emre S, Schwartz ME, Miller CE: Association between preservation injury and early rejection in clinical liver transplantation: fact or myth? Transplant Proc 1993, 25:1907-1908.
50. Candinas D, Gunson BK, Nightingale P, Hubscher S, McMaster P, Neuberger JM: Sex mismatch as a risk factor for chronic rejection of liver allografts. Lancet 1995, 346:1117-1121. Risk factors for chronic rejection included transplantation of a male donor as well as pretransplant diagnoses of primary biliary cirrhosis or autoimmune hepatitis, recipient age less than 30 years, one or more episodes of acute rejection, and transplantation of a cytomegalovirus-positive organ.
51. Rasmussen A, Davies HFFS, Jamieson NV, Evans DB, Calne RY: Combined transplantation of liver and kidney from the same donor protects the kidney from rejection and improves kidney graft survival. Transplantation 1995, 59:919-921.
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53. The US Multicenter FK506 Liver Study Group. A comparison of tacrolimus (FK506) and cyclosporine for immunosuppression in liver transplantation. N Engl J Med 1994, 331:1110-1115. Important multicenter study comparing cyclosporine and tacrolimus as primary immunosuppressive agents. Patient and graft survival was similar, but tacrolimus was associated with fewer episodes of steroid-resistant or refractory rejection. Drug-induced side effects were greater with tacrolimus.
54. European FK506 Multicentre Liver Study Group: Randomized trial comparing tacrolimus (FK506) and cyclosporin in prevention of liver allograft rejection. Lancet 1994, 344:423-428. Important multicenter study also showing that patient and graft survival was similar with the two drugs.
55. McDiarmid SV, Busuttil RW, Ascher NL, Burdick J, D'Alessandro AM, Esquivel C, Kalayoglu M, Klein AS, Marsh JW, Miller CM, et al.: FK506 (tacrolimus) compared with cyclosporine for primary immunosuppression after pediatric liver transplantation. Transplantation 1995, 59:530-536.
56. Egawa H, Esquivel CO, So SK, Cox K, Concepcion W, Lawrence L: FK506 conversion therapy in pediatric liver transplantation. Transplantation 1994, 57:1169-1173.
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59. Ueda M, Uemoto S, Inomata Y, Okajima H, Hashida T, Tanaka K, Yamaoka Y: A proposal of FK506 optimal dosing in living related liver transplantations. Transplantation 1995, 60:258-264.
60. Cox KL, Lawrence-Miyasaki LS, Garcia-Kennedy R, Lennette ET, Martinez OM, Krams SM, Berquist WE, So SKS, Esquivel CO: An increased incidence of Epstein-Barr virus infection and lymphoproliferative disorder in young children on FK506 after liver transplantation. Transplantation 1995, 59:524-529.
61. Sandborn WJ, Lawson GM, Cody TJ, Porayko MK, Hay JE, Gores GJ, Steers FL, Drom RAF, Wiesner RH: Early cellular rejection after orthotopic liver transplantation correlates with low concentrations of FK506 in hepatic tissue. Hepatology 1995, 21:70-76.
62. McDiarmid SV, Wallace P, Vargas J, Ament ME, Busuttil RW: The treatment of intractable rejection with tacrolimus (FK506) in pediatric liver transplant recipients. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 1995, 20:291-299.
63. Ramos HC, Reyes J, Abu-Elmagd K, Zeevi A, Reinsmoen N, Tzakis A, Demetris AJ, Fung JJ, Flynn B, McMichael J, et al.: Weaning of immunosuppression in long-term liver transplant recipients. Transplantation 1995, 59:212-217. Provocative study demonstrating the feasibility of weaning patients who are stable and who underwent remote liver transplantation off all immunosuppressive agents.
64. Detre KM, Lombardero M, Belle S, Beringer K, Breen T, Daily OP, Ascher N: Influence of donor age on graft survival after liver transplantation: United Network for Organ Sharing Registry. Liver Transplant Surg 1995, 1:311-319. Demonstration of the ability to use liver donors from older subjects, although graft failure increases.
65. Yersiz H, Shaked A, Olthoff K, Imagawa D, Shackleton C, Martin P, Busuttil RW: Correlation between donor age and the pattern of liver graft recovery after transplantation. Transplantation 1995, 60:790-794.
66. Cacciarelli TV, So SKS, Lim J, Concepcion W, Cox K, Esquivel CO: A reassessment of ABO incompatibility in pediatric liver transplantation. Transplantation 1995, 60:757-768.
67. de Ville de Goyet J: Split liver transplantation in Europe: 1988 to 1993. Transplantation 1995, 59:1371-1376.
68. Urata K, Kawasaki S, Matsunami H, Hashikura Y, lkegami T, Ishizone S, Momose Y, Komiyama A, Makuuchi M: Calculation of child and adult standard liver volume for liver transplantation. Hepatology 1995, 21:1317-1321.
69. Ichida T, Matsunami H, Kawasaki S, Makuuchi M, Harada T, Hoh S, Asakura H: Living related-donor liver transplantation from adult to adult for primary biliary cirrhosis. Ann Intern Med 1995, 122:275-276. Provocative report of the use of living-related liver transplantation in an adult.
70. Renz JF, Mudge CL, Heyman MB, Tomlanovich S, Kingsford RP, Moore BJ, Synder JD, Perr HA, Paschal AL, Roberts JP, et al.: Donor selection limits use of living-related liver transplantation. Hepatology 1995, 22:1122-1126.
71. Sterneck MR, Fischer L, Nischwitz U, Berdelski M, Kjer S, Latta A, Malago M, Petersen J, Pothmann W, Rogiers X, Broelsch CE: Selection of the living liver donor. Transplantation 1995, 60:667-671.
72. Casavilla A, Ramirez C, Shapiro R, Nghiem D, Miracle K, Bronsther O, Randhawa P, Broznick B, Fung JJ, Starzl T: Experience with liver and kidney allografts from non-heart-beating donors. Transplantation 1995, 59:197-203. Another approach to the limited availability of donors by using liver grafts from non-heart-beating donors. This approach provided acceptable results when the liver graft was obtained in a controlled setting immediately after cardiac arrest.