Cerebral Infarction in PeopleUnder 40 Years I

Cerebrovascular Diseases

Volumn 6, Issue 2, 1996, Pages 75-79

  Barinagarrementeria, Fernando ^a   Figueroa, Tatiana ^a   Huebe, Juan ^a   Carlos, Cantú ^a  

^a NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGY AND NEUROSURGERY   (Mexico)

Author keywords

Cerebral infarction; Patent foramen ovale; Prothrombotic states; Young people

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION; ARTICLE; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; BLOOD DISEASE; BRAIN ANGIOGRAPHY; BRAIN INFARCTION; CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE; FEMALE; HUMAN; INTRACARDIAC THROMBOSIS; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MIGRAINE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; RHEUMATIC HEART DISEASE; RISK FACTOR; SCHOOL CHILD; SMOKING;

EID: 0030033134     PISSN: 10159770     EISSN: 14219786     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1159/000108001     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Han RG, Miller VT: Cerebral infarction in young adult: A practical approach. Stroke 1983;14:110-114.
2. Aring C, Merritt HH: Differential diagnosis between cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral thrombosis. Arch Intern Med 1935:56:435-456.
3. Bogousslavsky J, Pierre Ph: Ischemic stroke in patients under age 45. Neurol Clin 1992; 10: 113-124.
4. Mettingcr KL, Söderström CE, Allandcr E: Epidemiology of acute cerebrovascular disease before the age of fifty-five in Stockholm county 1973-1977: Incidence and mortality rates. Stroke 1979;15:795-801.
5. Hilton-Joncs D, Warlow CP: The causes of stroke in the young. J Neurol I985;232:137-143.
6. Gautier JC, Paradt-Dichl P, Loron Ph, Lechat P. Lascault G. Juillard JB, Grosgogeat Y: Accidents vasculaires cérébraux des sujets jeunes: Une élude de 133 patients âgés de 9 à 45 ans. Rev Neurol 1989;145:437-442.
7. Millikan CH and the Ad Hoc Committee on Cerebrovascular Disease: A classification and outline of cerebrovascular diseases II. Stroke 1975;6:382-386.
8. Cerebral Embolism Task Force: Cardiogenic brain embolism. Arch Neurol 1986:43:71-84.
9. Fisher CM, Ojemann RG. Robertson GH: Spontaneous dissection of cervicocercbral arteries. Can J Neurol Sci 1978:5:9-19.
10. Bcrgan JJ, MacDonald JR: Recognition of cerebrovascular fibromuscular hyperplasia. Arch Surg 1969:98:332-335.
11. Barinagarrementcria F, Del Brutto OH: Lacunar syndrome due to neurocysticercosis. Arch Neurol 1989;46:415-417.
12. Hankey JG: Isolated angiitis-angiopathy of the central nervous system. Cerebrovasc Dis 1991: 1:2-15.
13. Coull BM. Goodnight SH: Antiphospholipid antibodies, prothrombotic states and stroke. Curr Concepts Cerebrovasc Dis Stroke 1990: 25:13-17.
14. Levine S, Decgan MJ, Futrcll N. Welch KMA: Cerebrovascular and neurological disease associated with antiphospholipid antibodies: 48 cases. Neurology 1990;40:1181-1189.
15. Rascol A, Guiraud B, Manclfc C. Clanct M: Accidents vasculaires cérébraux de la grossesse et du post partum. 2e Conférences de la Salpê-tricrc sur les maladies vasculaires cérébrales. Paris, 1979. Paris, Baillière, 1980, pp 84-127.
16. Rebollo M. Val JF, Garijo F: Livido reticularis and cerebrovascular lesion (Sneddon's syndrome). Brain 1983;106:965-979.
17. Rascol A, Cambicr J, Guiraud B: Accidents ischémiques cérébraux au cours de crises migraineuses: à propos des migraines compliquées. Rev Neurol 1979:135:867-884.
18. Censo 1990: Consejo Nacional de Población. México.
19. Bogousslavsky J. Regli F: Ischemic stroke in adults younger than 30 years old. Arch Neurol 1987;44:479-482.
20. Lisovoski F. Rousseaux P: Cerebral infarction in young people: A study of 148 patients with early cerebral angiography. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1991;54:576-579.
21. Lidcgaard O, Soc M, Nis Andersen MVN: Cerebral thromboembolism among young women and men in Denmark 1977-1982. Stroke 1986; 17:670-675.
22. Carolci A. Marini C, Ferranti E, Frontoni M, Prencipe M, Fieschi C. Zanette EM, Inzitari D, Nencini P, Gandolfo C, Moreti C. Finocchi C, Loeb CW, Totaro R, Landi G, Binda A, Dc-Zanche L, Parma M, Scoditti U: A prospective study of cerebral ischemia in the young: Analysis of pathogenic determinants. Stroke 1993; 24:362-367.
23. Adams HP Jr. Butler MJ, Biller J, Toffol J: Nonhemorrhagic cerebral infarction in young adults. Arch Neurol 1986:43:793-796.
24. Lanzino G, Andreoli A, Di Pascoale G. Urbi-nati S. Limoni P. Scrraccioli A. Lusa A. Pinelli G. Testa C. Tognetti F: Etiopathogencsis and prognosis of cerebral ischemia in young adults: A survey of 155 treated patients. Acta Neurol Scand 1991;84:321-325.
25. Colamarino R, Clavclou P. Talichct A, Tour-nilhac M: Etiologies of ischemic stroke in women: 102 case reports. Rev Med Interne 1993:14: 408.
26. Zeiler K. Siostrzonek P. Lang W, Gossinger H. Oder W, Ciciyasvilli H, Kollerger H, Mossla-chcr H, Dccckc L: Different risk factor profiles in young and elderly stroke patients with special reference to cardiac disorders. J Clin Epidemiol 1992:45:1383-1389.
27. Barinagarrementcria F, Cantü C. lzaguirre R. De La Pena A: Progressive intracranial occlusion due to deficiency of protein S: Report of two cases. Stroke 1993:24:1752-1756.
28. Matias-Guiu J, Alvarez J. Insa R. Molto JM, Martin R, Codin A. Martinez-Vazquez JM: Ischemic stroke in young adults: Analysis of risk factors in the ctiologic subgroups. Acta Neurol Scand 1990:81:314-317.
29. Kappellc U, Adams HP, Heffner LM, Tomer JC, Gomez F, Biller J: Prognosis of young adults with ischemic stroke: A long term follow-up assessing recurrent vascular events and functional outcome in the Iowa Registry of stroke in young adults. Stroke 1994:25:1360-1365.
30. Eldar R, Zagreba F, Tamir A, Epstein L: Risk factors and causes of stroke in young women in Israel. Int Disability Stud 1990:12:81 -85.
31. Biller J, Hingtgcn WL, Adams HP, Johnson MR: Paradoxical cerebral embolism: 8 cases. Neurology 1986:36:1356-1360.
32. Adams HP Jr, Bendixen BH, Kappelle LJ. Biller J, Love BB, Gordcn DL, Marsh E III: Classification of subtype of acute ischemic stroke: Definitions for use in a multicenter clinical trial. Stroke 1993:24:35-41.
33. Lcchat P. Mas JL, Lascault G. Loron P. Theard M, Klimczac M, Drobinski G. Thomas D. Grosgogcat Y: Prevalence of patent foramen ovale in patients with stroke. N Engl J Med 1988;318:1148-1152.
34. Webster MW. Smith HJ. Sharpe DN. Chancellor AM. Swift DL. Bass NM. Glasgow GL: Patent foramen ovale in young stroke patients. Lancet 1988:ii:11-12.
35. Barinagarrementcria F. Diaz F. Vargas J. Sa-mayoa E: Prevalence of patent foramen ovale in young patients with stroke: Role of color-flow echocardiography. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 1992:2:7-11.
36. Lupi-Hcrrcra E, Sanchcz-Torrcs G. Markus-hanterj, MispiretaJ, HorwitzS. Espino-Vela J: Takayasu's arteritis: Clinical study of 107 cases. Am Heart J 1977;93:94-103.
37. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Neurocysticercosis Update. International Task Force for Disease Eradication. MMWR 1992: 41:697-698.
38. Barinagarrementcria F. Cantu C: Neurocysticercosis as a cause of stroke. Stroke 1992:23: 1180.
39. Coull BM. Goodnight SH: Antiphospholipid antibodies, prcthrombotic states and stroke. Curr Concepts Cerebrovasc Dis Stroke 1990: 25:13-17.
40. Saeco RL. Owen J. Mohr JP. Tatcmichi TK. Grossman BA: Free protein S deficiency: A possible association with cerebrovascular occlusion. Stroke 1989:20:1657-1661.
41. Barinagarrementcria F. Cantu C. lzaguirre R. Dc La Pena A: Prothrombotic states in young patients with idiopathic stroke. Stroke 1994: 25:287-290.
42. Alvarez J. Matias-Guiu J, Sumalla J, Molins M. Insa R. Molto M. Martin R. Codina A. Mar-tinez-Vazqucz J.V1: Ischemic stroke in young adults: Analysis of the ctiologic group. Acta Neurol Scand 1989:80:28-34.
43. Hier DB. Foulker MA. Swiontoiowski M. Sacco RL. Corelick PB. Mohr JP. Price TR. Wolf PA: Stroke recurrence within 2 years after ischemic infarction. Stroke 1991;22:155-161.
44. Biller J. Adams HP Jr. Bruno A. Love BB. Marsh E III: Mortality in acute cerebral infarction in young adults: A ten-year experience. Angiology 1991:42:224-230.
45. Ferro JM, Crespo M: Prognosis after transient ischemic attack and ischemic stroke in young adults. Stroke 1994:25:1611-1616.