Ought low alcohol intake to be promoted for health reasons?

Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine

Volumn 89, Issue 3, 1996, Pages 123-129

  Holman, C D J ^a   English, D R ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN AUSTRALIA   (Australia)

Author keywords

Alcohol; Causal inference; Ethics; Health benefits; Health risks; Public policy

Indexed keywords

ALCOHOL;

ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION; ARTICLE; ETHICS; FEMALE; HEALTH PROMOTION; HEART PROTECTION; HUMAN; ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE; MALE; POLICY; SEX DIFFERENCE;

EID: 0030030066     PISSN: 01410768     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/014107689608900303     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. Hume D. In: Selby-Bigge LA, ed. A Treatise of Human Nature, revised and reprinted. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1978:469
2. Hill AB. The environment and disease: association or causation? Proc R Soc Med 1965;58:295-300
3. Susser M. Falsification, verification and causal inference in epidemiology: reconsiderations in the light of Sir Karl Popper's philosophy. In: Rothman KJ, ed. Causal Inference. Chestnut Hill: Epidemiology Resources Inc, 1988:33-57
4. Beauchamp TL, Childress JF. Principles of Biomedical Ethics. New York: Oxford University Press, 1994:37-8
5. Faden RR. Ethical issues in government sponsored public health campaigns. Hlth Educ Q 1987;14:27-37
6. Ashley MJ, Ferrence R, Room R, Rankin J, Single E. Moderate drinking and health: report of an international symposium. Can Med Assoc J 1994;151:1-20
7. Ashley MJ, Ferrence R. Moderate drinking and health: The scientific evidence. Contemp Drug Probl 1994;21:1-4
8. Room R, Single E. Moderate drinking and health: Drinking patterns, drinking guidelines, and alcohol policy. Contemp Drug Probl 1994;21: 205-10
9. English DR, Holman CDJ, Milne E, et al. The Quantification of Drug Caused Morbidity and Mortality in Australia 1995. Canberra: AGPS, 1995
10. Holman CDJ, English DR. An improved aetiologic fraction of alcohol caused mortality. Aust J Publ Hlth 1995;19:138-41
11. National Health and Medical Research Council. Is There a Safe Level of Daily Consumption of Alcohol for Men and Women? Recommendations Regarding Responsible Drinking Behaviour. Canberra: AGPS, 1992
12. Holman CDJ, English DR, Milne E, Winter MG. Meta-analysis of alcohol and all-cause mortality: a validation of NHMRC recommendations. Med J Aust 1996;163 (in press)
13. Colsher PL, Wallace RB. Is modest alcohol consumption better than none at all? An epidemiologic assessment. Ann Rev Publ Hlth 1989; 10:203-19
14. Klatsky AL. Alcohol and coronary artery disease. Alcohol Hlth Res Wld 1990;14:289-300
15. Criqui MH. The reduction of coronary heart disease with light to moderate alcohol consumption effect or artefact? Br J Addict 1990; 85:854-8
16. Marmot M, Brunner E. Alcohol and cardiovascular disease: the status of the U shaped curve. BMJ 1991;303:565-8
17. Beaglehole R, Jackson R. Alcohol, cardiovascular disease and total mortality: the epidemiological evidence. NZ Med J 1991;104:249-51
18. Jackson R. Cardiovascular disease and alcohol consumption: evidence of benefit from epidemiologic studies. Contemp Drug Probl 1994;21:5-24
19. Gronbaek M, Deis A, Sorensen TIA, Becker U, Schnohr P, Jensen G. Mortality associated with moderate intakes of wine, beer, or spirits. BMJ 1995;310:1165-9
20. St Leger AS, Cochrane AL, Moore F. Factors associated with cardiac mortality in developed countries with particular reference to the consumption of wine. Lancet 1979;i:1017-20
21. Renaud S, De Logeril M. Wine, alcohol, platelets and the French paradox for coronary heart disease. Lancet 1992;339:1523-6
22. Rankin JG. Biological mechanisms at moderate levels of alcohol consumption that may affect coronary heart disease. Contemp Drug Prob 1994;21:45-57
23. Hein HO, Sorensen H, Suadicani P, Gyntelberg F. Alcohol consumption, Lewis phenotype, and risk of ischaemic heart disease. Lancet 1993;341:392-6
24. Jackson RT, Scragg R, Beaglehole R. Does recent alcohol consumption reduce the risk of acute myocardial infarction and coronary death in regular drinkers? Am J Epidemiol 1992;136:819-92
25. International Agency for Research on Cancer. Solar and Ultraviolet Radiation. IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, Vol. 55. Lyon: IARC, 1992:19-38
26. Australian Bureau of Statistics. Apparent Consumption of Foodstuffs and Nutrients 1993-94. ABS Cat. No. 4306.0. Canberra: AGPS, 1995
27. Andreasson S, Romelsjo A, Allebeck P. Alcohol, social factors and mortality among young men. Br J Addict 1991;86:877-87
28. Criqui M. Alcohol and the heart: Implications of present epidemiologic knowledge. Contemp Drug Probl 1994;21:125-42
29. Kozlowski LT, Heller DA, Pillitteri, Rovine M. Tobacco use, the health effects of moderate drinking, and the assessment of their interactions. Contemp Drug Probl 1994;21:81-9
30. Holman CDJ, English DR. Preliminary Assessment of the Health Effects of Alcohol in Populations of Non-European Origin. A Report to the World Health Organisation. Perth: The University of Western Australia, 1995
31. Anderson J. Are there net benefits from moderate drinking? All-cause mortality. Contemp Drug Probl 1994;21:143-62
32. Lemmens PH. Drinking for health: balancing individual risk and public health hazards. Contemp Drug Probl 1994;21:251-71
33. Lemmens P, Knibble RA, Tan F. Weekly recall and diary estimates of alcohol consumption in a general population survey. J Studies Alcohol 1988;49:131-5
34. Zakhari S. Moderate drinking and the cardiovascular system: risk factors. Contemp Drug Probl 1994;21:25-44
35. World Health Organization. Global Strategy for Health for All by the Year 2000. Geneva: World Health Organization, 1981
36. Casswell S. Public discourse on the benefits of moderation: implications for alcohol policy development. Addiction 1993;88:459-65