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We are reminded by Popay and Williams in the opening statements of their paper below, that the origin of public health in the 19th century was based in work on root causes of ill health in communities. Ground breaking research discoveries of that era uncovered environmental and social conditions that allowed effective responses to major public health problems. What is now widely referred to as the 'new public health' is actually a struggle to reintegrate essential components of understanding and responding to public health issues that were lost or seriously neglected in the era dominated by the experimental paradigm.
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