메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 364, Issue 1, 1996, Pages 68-77

Ciliary neurotrophic factor stimulates neurite outgrowth from spinal cord neurons

Author keywords

axonogenesis; CNTF; diI labeling; motoneuron; neuronal cell culture

Indexed keywords

CILIARY NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR;

EID: 0030023606     PISSN: 00219967     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9861(19960101)364:1<68::AID-CNE6>3.0.CO;2-Q     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (38)

References (58)
  • 1
    • 0020462071 scopus 로고
    • Neuronal survival in intact ciliary ganglia in vivo and in vitro: CNTF as a target surrogate
    • Adler, R., and S. Varon (1982) Neuronal survival in intact ciliary ganglia in vivo and in vitro: CNTF as a target surrogate. Dev. Biol. 95:470-475.
    • (1982) Dev. Biol. , vol.95 , pp. 470-475
    • Adler, R.1    Varon, S.2
  • 2
    • 0025514410 scopus 로고
    • Survival effect of ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) on chick embryonic motoneurons in culture: Comparison with other neurotrophic factors and cytokines
    • Arakawa, Y., M. Sendtner, and H. Thoenen (1990) Survival effect of ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) on chick embryonic motoneurons in culture: Comparison with other neurotrophic factors and cytokines. J. Neurosci. 70:3507-3515.
    • (1990) J. Neurosci. , vol.70 , pp. 3507-3515
    • Arakawa, Y.1    Sendtner, M.2    Thoenen, H.3
  • 3
    • 0028063908 scopus 로고
    • Fibroblast growth factors: Activities and significance of non-neurotrophin neurotrophic growth factors
    • Baird, A. (1994) Fibroblast growth factors: Activities and significance of non-neurotrophin neurotrophic growth factors. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 4:78-86.
    • (1994) Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. , vol.4 , pp. 78-86
    • Baird, A.1
  • 4
    • 0017350927 scopus 로고
    • Rat hippocampal neurons in dispersed culture
    • Banker, G., and W. Cowan (1977) Rat hippocampal neurons in dispersed culture. Brain Res. 126:397-425.
    • (1977) Brain Res. , vol.126 , pp. 397-425
    • Banker, G.1    Cowan, W.2
  • 5
    • 0021686832 scopus 로고
    • Purification of the chick eye ciliary neuronotrophic factor
    • Barbin, G., M. Manthorpe, and S. Varon (1984) Purification of the chick eye ciliary neuronotrophic factor. J. Neurochem. 43:1468-1478.
    • (1984) J. Neurochem. , vol.43 , pp. 1468-1478
    • Barbin, G.1    Manthorpe, M.2    Varon, S.3
  • 6
    • 0027264557 scopus 로고
    • Retrograde axonal transport of ciliary neurotrophic factor is increased by peripheral nerve injury
    • Curtis, R., K.M. Adryan, Y. Zhu, P.J. Harkness, R.M. Lindsay, and P.S. DiStefano (1993) Retrograde axonal transport of ciliary neurotrophic factor is increased by peripheral nerve injury. Nature 365:253-255.
    • (1993) Nature , vol.365 , pp. 253-255
    • Curtis, R.1    Adryan, K.M.2    Zhu, Y.3    Harkness, P.J.4    Lindsay, R.M.5    DiStefano, P.S.6
  • 7
    • 0023946509 scopus 로고
    • The emerging generality of the neurotrophic hypothesis
    • Davies, A. (1988) The emerging generality of the neurotrophic hypothesis. Trends Neurosci. 71:243-244.
    • (1988) Trends Neurosci. , vol.71 , pp. 243-244
    • Davies, A.1
  • 9
    • 0026553919 scopus 로고
    • The expression of CNTF message and immunoreactivity in the central and peripheral nervous system of the rat
    • Dobrea, G.M., J.R. Unnerstall, and M.S. Rao (1992) The expression of CNTF message and immunoreactivity in the central and peripheral nervous system of the rat. Dev. Brain Res. 66:209-219.
    • (1992) Dev. Brain Res. , vol.66 , pp. 209-219
    • Dobrea, G.M.1    Unnerstall, J.R.2    Rao, M.S.3
  • 10
    • 0025318235 scopus 로고
    • Purification and characterization of a trophic factor for embryonic peripheral neurons: Comparison with fibroblast growth factors
    • Eckenstein, F.P., F. Esch, T. Holbert, R.W. Blacher, and R. Nishi (1990) Purification and characterization of a trophic factor for embryonic peripheral neurons: Comparison with fibroblast growth factors. Neuron 4:623-631.
    • (1990) Neuron , vol.4 , pp. 623-631
    • Eckenstein, F.P.1    Esch, F.2    Holbert, T.3    Blacher, R.W.4    Nishi, R.5
  • 11
    • 0027984312 scopus 로고
    • Synaptogenesis in hippocampal cultures: Axons and dendrites become competent to form synapses at different stages of neuronal development
    • Fletcher, T., P. De Camilli, and G. Banker (1994) Synaptogenesis in hippocampal cultures: Axons and dendrites become competent to form synapses at different stages of neuronal development. J. Neurosci. 14:6695-6706.
    • (1994) J. Neurosci. , vol.14 , pp. 6695-6706
    • Fletcher, T.1    De Camilli, P.2    Banker, G.3
  • 13
    • 0026667103 scopus 로고
    • Induction of motor neuron sprouting in vivo by ciliary neurotrophic factor and basic fibroblast growth factor
    • Gurney, M.E., H. Yamamoto, and Y. Kwon (1992) Induction of motor neuron sprouting in vivo by ciliary neurotrophic factor and basic fibroblast growth factor. J. Neurosci. 12:3241-3247.
    • (1992) J. Neurosci. , vol.12 , pp. 3241-3247
    • Gurney, M.E.1    Yamamoto, H.2    Kwon, Y.3
  • 14
    • 0000610290 scopus 로고
    • The mitotic patterns in the spinal cord of the chick embryo and their relation to histogenetic processes
    • Hamburger, V. (1948) The mitotic patterns in the spinal cord of the chick embryo and their relation to histogenetic processes. J. Comp. Neurol. 88:221-284.
    • (1948) J. Comp. Neurol. , vol.88 , pp. 221-284
    • Hamburger, V.1
  • 15
    • 0019796498 scopus 로고
    • Neuronal death in the spinal ganglia of the chick embryo and its reduction by nerve growth factor
    • Hamburger, V., J. Brunso-Bechtold, and J. Yip (1981) Neuronal death in the spinal ganglia of the chick embryo and its reduction by nerve growth factor. J. Neurosci. 1:60-71.
    • (1981) J. Neurosci. , vol.1 , pp. 60-71
    • Hamburger, V.1    Brunso-Bechtold, J.2    Yip, J.3
  • 16
    • 13344253294 scopus 로고
    • Fluorescent carbocyanine dyes allow living neurons of identified origin to be studied in long-term cultures
    • Honig, M., and R. Hume (1986) Fluorescent carbocyanine dyes allow living neurons of identified origin to be studied in long-term cultures. J. Cell Biol. 11:3124-3134.
    • (1986) J. Cell Biol. , vol.11 , pp. 3124-3134
    • Honig, M.1    Hume, R.2
  • 17
    • 0026076409 scopus 로고
    • Ciliary neurotrophic factor enhances neuronal survival in embryonic rat hippocampal cultures
    • Ip, N.Y., Y.P. Li, I. van de Stadt, N. Panayotatos, R.F. Alderson, and R.M. Lindsay (1991) Ciliary neurotrophic factor enhances neuronal survival in embryonic rat hippocampal cultures. J. Neurosci. 77:3124-3134.
    • (1991) J. Neurosci. , vol.77 , pp. 3124-3134
    • Ip, N.Y.1    Li, Y.P.2    Van De Stadt, I.3    Panayotatos, N.4    Alderson, R.F.5    Lindsay, R.M.6
  • 18
    • 0027399644 scopus 로고
    • Injury-induced regulation of ciliary neurotrophic factor mRNA in the adult rat brain
    • Ip, N.Y., S.J. Wiegand, J. Morse, and J.S. Rudge (1993) Injury-induced regulation of ciliary neurotrophic factor mRNA in the adult rat brain. Euro. J. Neurosci. 5:25-33.
    • (1993) Euro. J. Neurosci. , vol.5 , pp. 25-33
    • Ip, N.Y.1    Wiegand, S.J.2    Morse, J.3    Rudge, J.S.4
  • 20
    • 0027481752 scopus 로고
    • Evidence that brain-derived neurotrophic factor is a trophic factor for motor neurons in vivo
    • Koliatsos, V., R. Clatterbuck, J. Winslow, M. Cayouette, and D. Price (1993) Evidence that brain-derived neurotrophic factor is a trophic factor for motor neurons in vivo. Neuron 70:359-367.
    • (1993) Neuron , vol.70 , pp. 359-367
    • Koliatsos, V.1    Clatterbuck, R.2    Winslow, J.3    Cayouette, M.4    Price, D.5
  • 21
    • 0027195615 scopus 로고
    • The neurotrophic factor concept: A reexamination
    • Korsching, S. (1993) The neurotrophic factor concept: A reexamination. J. Neurosci. 13:2739-2748.
    • (1993) J. Neurosci. , vol.13 , pp. 2739-2748
    • Korsching, S.1
  • 22
    • 0024554712 scopus 로고
    • Regeneration of muscle axons in the frog is directed by diffusible factors from denervated muscle and nerve tubes
    • Kuffler, D. (1989) Regeneration of muscle axons in the frog is directed by diffusible factors from denervated muscle and nerve tubes. J. Comp. Neurol. 281:416-425.
    • (1989) J. Comp. Neurol. , vol.281 , pp. 416-425
    • Kuffler, D.1
  • 23
    • 50549180370 scopus 로고
    • Essential role of the nerve growth factor in the survival and maintenance of dissociated sensory and sympathetic embryonic nerve cells in vitro
    • Levi-Montalcini, R., and P. Angeletti (1963) Essential role of the nerve growth factor in the survival and maintenance of dissociated sensory and sympathetic embryonic nerve cells in vitro. Dev. Biol. 7:653-659.
    • (1963) Dev. Biol. , vol.7 , pp. 653-659
    • Levi-Montalcini, R.1    Angeletti, P.2
  • 24
    • 76549235314 scopus 로고
    • Selective growth stimulating effects of mouse sarcoma on the sensory and sympathetic nervous system of the chick embryo
    • Levi-Montalcini, R., and V. Hamburger (1951) Selective growth stimulating effects of mouse sarcoma on the sensory and sympathetic nervous system of the chick embryo. J. Exp. Zool. 116:321-361.
    • (1951) J. Exp. Zool. , vol.116 , pp. 321-361
    • Levi-Montalcini, R.1    Hamburger, V.2
  • 25
    • 84981835993 scopus 로고
    • A diffusible agent of mouse sarcoma, producing hyperplasia of sympathetic ganglia and hyperneurotization of viscera in the chick embryo
    • Levi-Montalcini, R., and V. Hamburger (1953) A diffusible agent of mouse sarcoma, producing hyperplasia of sympathetic ganglia and hyperneurotization of viscera in the chick embryo. J. Exp. Zool. 123:233-286.
    • (1953) J. Exp. Zool. , vol.123 , pp. 233-286
    • Levi-Montalcini, R.1    Hamburger, V.2
  • 27
    • 0020364580 scopus 로고
    • Isoelectric focusing of the chick eye ciliary neuronotrophic factor
    • Manthorpe, M., G. Barbin, and S. Varon (1982) Isoelectric focusing of the chick eye ciliary neuronotrophic factor. J. Neurosci. Res. 5:233-239.
    • (1982) J. Neurosci. Res. , vol.5 , pp. 233-239
    • Manthorpe, M.1    Barbin, G.2    Varon, S.3
  • 28
    • 0022537176 scopus 로고
    • Purification of adult rat sciatic nerve ciliary neuronotrophic factor
    • Manthorpe, M., S.D. Skaper, L.R. Williams, and S. Varon (1986) Purification of adult rat sciatic nerve ciliary neuronotrophic factor. Brain Res. 367:282-286.
    • (1986) Brain Res. , vol.367 , pp. 282-286
    • Manthorpe, M.1    Skaper, S.D.2    Williams, L.R.3    Varon, S.4
  • 29
    • 0026550179 scopus 로고
    • Cholinergic differentiation factor (CDF/LIF) promotes survival of isolated rat embryonic motoneurons in vitro
    • Martinou, J.C., I. Martinou, and A.C. Kato (1992) Cholinergic differentiation factor (CDF/LIF) promotes survival of isolated rat embryonic motoneurons in vitro. Neuron 8:737-744.
    • (1992) Neuron , vol.8 , pp. 737-744
    • Martinou, J.C.1    Martinou, I.2    Kato, A.C.3
  • 30
    • 0027484249 scopus 로고
    • Disruption of the CNTF gene results in motor neuron degeneration
    • Masu, Y., E. Wolf, B. Holtmann, M. Sendtner, G. Brem, and H. Thoenen (1993) Disruption of the CNTF gene results in motor neuron degeneration. Nature 365:27-32.
    • (1993) Nature , vol.365 , pp. 27-32
    • Masu, Y.1    Wolf, E.2    Holtmann, B.3    Sendtner, M.4    Brem, G.5    Thoenen, H.6
  • 31
    • 0027153385 scopus 로고
    • Axotomy increases CNTF receptor mRNA in rat spinal cord
    • Mata, M., C.F. Jin, and D.J. Fink (1993) Axotomy increases CNTF receptor mRNA in rat spinal cord. Brain Res. 670:162-165.
    • (1993) Brain Res. , vol.670 , pp. 162-165
    • Mata, M.1    Jin, C.F.2    Fink, D.J.3
  • 32
    • 0025720059 scopus 로고
    • Reduction of neurite outgrowth in a model of glial scarring following CNS injury is correlated with the expression of inhibitory molecules on reactive astrocytes
    • McKeon, R., R. Schreiber, J. Rudge, and J. Silver (1991) Reduction of neurite outgrowth in a model of glial scarring following CNS injury is correlated with the expression of inhibitory molecules on reactive astrocytes. J. Neurosci. 11:3398-3411.
    • (1991) J. Neurosci. , vol.11 , pp. 3398-3411
    • McKeon, R.1    Schreiber, R.2    Rudge, J.3    Silver, J.4
  • 33
    • 0018187664 scopus 로고
    • Sympathetic nerve fiber ingrowth in the central nervous system of neonatal rodent upon intracerebral NGF injections
    • Menesini-Chen, M., J. Cehn, and R. Levi-Montalcini (1978) Sympathetic nerve fiber ingrowth in the central nervous system of neonatal rodent upon intracerebral NGF injections. Arch. Ital. Biol. 116:53-84.
    • (1978) Arch. Ital. Biol. , vol.116 , pp. 53-84
    • Menesini-Chen, M.1    Cehn, J.2    Levi-Montalcini, R.3
  • 34
    • 0017844137 scopus 로고
    • Tetanus toxin: A cell surface marker for neurones in culture
    • Mirski, R., L. Wendon, P. Black, C. Stolkin, and D. Bray (1978) Tetanus toxin: A cell surface marker for neurones in culture. Brain Res. 148:251-259.
    • (1978) Brain Res. , vol.148 , pp. 251-259
    • Mirski, R.1    Wendon, L.2    Black, P.3    Stolkin, C.4    Bray, D.5
  • 35
    • 0021063980 scopus 로고
    • Injury-induced neuronotrophic activity in adult brain: Correlation with survival of delayed implants into the wound cavity
    • Nieto-Sampedro, M., M. Manthorpe, G. Barbin, S. Varon, and C. Cotman (1983) Injury-induced neuronotrophic activity in adult brain: Correlation with survival of delayed implants into the wound cavity. J. Neurosci. 3:2219-2229.
    • (1983) J. Neurosci. , vol.3 , pp. 2219-2229
    • Nieto-Sampedro, M.1    Manthorpe, M.2    Barbin, G.3    Varon, S.4    Cotman, C.5
  • 36
    • 0026342233 scopus 로고
    • The use of the optical disector to estimate the total number of neurons in the developing chick lateral motor column: Effects of purified growth factors
    • Nurcombe, V., N.G. Wreford, and J. F. Bertram (1991) The use of the optical disector to estimate the total number of neurons in the developing chick lateral motor column: Effects of purified growth factors. Anat. Rec. 231:416-424.
    • (1991) Anat. Rec. , vol.231 , pp. 416-424
    • Nurcombe, V.1    Wreford, N.G.2    Bertram, J.F.3
  • 37
    • 0025811297 scopus 로고
    • Control of embryonic motoneuron survival in vivo by ciliary neurotrophic factor
    • Oppenheim, R.W., D. Prevette, Q.W. Yin, F. Collins, and J. MacDonald (1991) Control of embryonic motoneuron survival in vivo by ciliary neurotrophic factor. Science 251:1616-1618.
    • (1991) Science , vol.251 , pp. 1616-1618
    • Oppenheim, R.W.1    Prevette, D.2    Yin, Q.W.3    Collins, F.4    MacDonald, J.5
  • 38
    • 0027094145 scopus 로고
    • Brain-derived neurotrophic factor rescues developing avian motoneurons from cell death
    • Oppenheim, R., Y. Qin-Wei, D. Prevette, and Q. Yan (1992) Brain-derived neurotrophic factor rescues developing avian motoneurons from cell death. Nature 360:755-757.
    • (1992) Nature , vol.360 , pp. 755-757
    • Oppenheim, R.1    Qin-Wei, Y.2    Prevette, D.3    Yan, Q.4
  • 39
    • 13344255753 scopus 로고
    • Effect of CNTF on neurite outgrowth from cultured spinal neurons
    • Oyesiku, N., and D. Wigston (1992) Effect of CNTF on neurite outgrowth from cultured spinal neurons. Soc. Neuro. Abstr. 18:1095.
    • (1992) Soc. Neuro. Abstr. , vol.18 , pp. 1095
    • Oyesiku, N.1    Wigston, D.2
  • 40
    • 13344289917 scopus 로고
    • Spinal cord hemisection increases expression of CNTF and CNTFRα mRNA in the rat
    • Oyesiku, N., and D. Wigston (1995) Spinal cord hemisection increases expression of CNTF and CNTFRα mRNA in the rat. Soc. Neuro. Abstr. 21:299.
    • (1995) Soc. Neuro. Abstr. , vol.21 , pp. 299
    • Oyesiku, N.1    Wigston, D.2
  • 41
    • 0026810462 scopus 로고
    • The emerging neuropoietic cytokine family: First CDF/LIF, CNTF and IL-6; next ONC, MGF, GCSF?
    • Patterson, P.H. (1992) The emerging neuropoietic cytokine family: First CDF/LIF, CNTF and IL-6; next ONC, MGF, GCSF? Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 2:94-97.
    • (1992) Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. , vol.2 , pp. 94-97
    • Patterson, P.H.1
  • 42
    • 0023769855 scopus 로고
    • Biological activities of nerve growth factor bound to nitrocellulose paper by Western blotting
    • Pettmann, B., M. Manthorpe, J.A. Powell, and S. Varon (1988) Biological activities of nerve growth factor bound to nitrocellulose paper by Western blotting. J. Neurosci. 8:3624-3632.
    • (1988) J. Neurosci. , vol.8 , pp. 3624-3632
    • Pettmann, B.1    Manthorpe, M.2    Powell, J.A.3    Varon, S.4
  • 43
    • 0025602527 scopus 로고
    • Characterization of a target-derived neuronal cholinergic differentiation factor
    • Rao, M., and S. Landis (1990) Characterization of a target-derived neuronal cholinergic differentiation factor. Neuron 5:899-910.
    • (1990) Neuron , vol.5 , pp. 899-910
    • Rao, M.1    Landis, S.2
  • 44
    • 0026494184 scopus 로고
    • Immunolocalization of ciliary neuronotrophic factor in adult rat sciatic nerve
    • Rende, M., D. Muir, E. Ruoslahti, T. Hagg, S. Varon, and M. Manthorpe (1992) Immunolocalization of ciliary neuronotrophic factor in adult rat sciatic nerve. Glia 5:25-32.
    • (1992) Glia , vol.5 , pp. 25-32
    • Rende, M.1    Muir, D.2    Ruoslahti, E.3    Hagg, T.4    Varon, S.5    Manthorpe, M.6
  • 45
    • 0019982746 scopus 로고
    • Nerve growth activities in rat peripheral nerve
    • Richardson, P., and T. Ebendal (1982) Nerve growth activities in rat peripheral nerve. Brain Res. 246:57-64.
    • (1982) Brain Res. , vol.246 , pp. 57-64
    • Richardson, P.1    Ebendal, T.2
  • 46
    • 0025017637 scopus 로고
    • Axonal regeneration in the rat spinal cord produced by an antibody against myelin-associated neurite growth inhibitors
    • Schnell, L., and M. Schwab (1990) Axonal regeneration in the rat spinal cord produced by an antibody against myelin-associated neurite growth inhibitors. Nature 343:265-272.
    • (1990) Nature , vol.343 , pp. 265-272
    • Schnell, L.1    Schwab, M.2
  • 47
    • 0028115777 scopus 로고
    • Neurotrophin-3 enhances sprouting of corticospinal tract during development and after spinal cord lesion
    • Schnell, L., R. Schneider, R. Kolbeck, Y.-A. Barde, and M.E. Schwab (1994) Neurotrophin-3 enhances sprouting of corticospinal tract during development and after spinal cord lesion. Nature 367.170-173.
    • (1994) Nature , vol.367 , pp. 170-173
    • Schnell, L.1    Schneider, R.2    Kolbeck, R.3    Barde, Y.-A.4    Schwab, M.E.5
  • 48
    • 0025324229 scopus 로고
    • Myelin-associated inhibitors of neurite growth
    • Schwab, M. (1990) Myelin-associated inhibitors of neurite growth. Expl. Neurol. 109:2-5.
    • (1990) Expl. Neurol. , vol.109 , pp. 2-5
    • Schwab, M.1
  • 49
    • 0023747659 scopus 로고
    • Oligodendrocytes and CNS myelin are nonpermissive substrates for neurite growth and fibroblast spreading in vitro
    • Schwab, M., and P. Caroni (1988) Oligodendrocytes and CNS myelin are nonpermissive substrates for neurite growth and fibroblast spreading in vitro. J. Neurosci. 8:2381-2393.
    • (1988) J. Neurosci. , vol.8 , pp. 2381-2393
    • Schwab, M.1    Caroni, P.2
  • 50
    • 0025325548 scopus 로고
    • Ciliary neurotrophic factor prevents the degeneration of motor neurons after axotomy
    • Sendtner, M., G.W. Kreutzberg, and H. Thoenen (1990) Ciliary neurotrophic factor prevents the degeneration of motor neurons after axotomy. Nature 345:440-441.
    • (1990) Nature , vol.345 , pp. 440-441
    • Sendtner, M.1    Kreutzberg, G.W.2    Thoenen, H.3
  • 52
    • 0027070473 scopus 로고
    • Brain-derived neurotrophic factor prevents the death of motoneurons in newborn rats after nerve section
    • Sendtner, M., B. Holtmann, R. Kolbeck, H. Thoenen, and Y.A. Barde (1992) Brain-derived neurotrophic factor prevents the death of motoneurons in newborn rats after nerve section. Nature 360:757-759.
    • (1992) Nature , vol.360 , pp. 757-759
    • Sendtner, M.1    Holtmann, B.2    Kolbeck, R.3    Thoenen, H.4    Barde, Y.A.5
  • 54
    • 13344252489 scopus 로고
    • Selective induction of tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine beta-hydroxylase in rat superior cervical ganglia by nerve growth factor
    • Thoenen, H., P. Angeletti, R. Levi-Montalcini, and R. Kettler (1971) Selective induction of tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine beta-hydroxylase in rat superior cervical ganglia by nerve growth factor. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 65:1098-1602.
    • (1971) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.65 , pp. 1098-1602
    • Thoenen, H.1    Angeletti, P.2    Levi-Montalcini, R.3    Kettler, R.4
  • 55
    • 0023812861 scopus 로고
    • Promotion of survival and neunte outgrowth of cultured peripheral neurons by exogenous lipids and detergents
    • Unsicker, K., and H. Wiegandt (1988) Promotion of survival and neunte outgrowth of cultured peripheral neurons by exogenous lipids and detergents. Exp. Cell Res. 175:377-389.
    • (1988) Exp. Cell Res. , vol.175 , pp. 377-389
    • Unsicker, K.1    Wiegandt, H.2
  • 56
    • 0018691975 scopus 로고
    • Cholinergic neuronotrophic factors: I. Survival, neurite outgrowth and choline acetyltransferase activity in monolayer cultures from chick embryo ciliary ganglia
    • Varon, S., M. Manthorpe, and R. Adler (1979) Cholinergic neuronotrophic factors: I. Survival, neurite outgrowth and choline acetyltransferase activity in monolayer cultures from chick embryo ciliary ganglia. Brain Res. 173:29-45.
    • (1979) Brain Res. , vol.173 , pp. 29-45
    • Varon, S.1    Manthorpe, M.2    Adler, R.3
  • 58
    • 0027067035 scopus 로고
    • Brain-derived neurotrophic factor rescues spinal motoneurons from axotomy-induced cell death
    • Yan, Q., and W. Snider (1992) Brain-derived neurotrophic factor rescues spinal motoneurons from axotomy-induced cell death. Nature 360:753-755.
    • (1992) Nature , vol.360 , pp. 753-755
    • Yan, Q.1    Snider, W.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.