Growth hormone and aging: Regulation, signal transduction and replacement therapy

Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism

Volumn 7, Issue 4, 1996, Pages 145-150

  Xu, Xiaowei ^a   Sonntag, William E ^a  

^a WAKE FOREST SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANABOLIC AGENT; GROWTH HORMONE; GROWTH HORMONE RECEPTOR; GROWTH HORMONE RELEASING FACTOR; HYDROXYPROLINE; MESSENGER RNA; OSTEOCALCIN; PROTEIN KINASE; SOMATOMEDIN C; SOMATOSTATIN;

AGING; GENE EXPRESSION; HORMONAL REGULATION; HORMONE RESISTANCE; HORMONE RESPONSE; HORMONE SUBSTITUTION; HUMAN; NONHUMAN; OSTEOPOROSIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTO ONCOGENE; SHORT SURVEY; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION;

EID: 0030004013     PISSN: 10432760     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/1043-2760(96)00043-4     Document Type: Short Survey

References (50)

1. Argetsinger LS, Campbell GS, Yang XJ, et al.: 1993. Identification of JAK2 as a GHR-associated tyrosine kinase. Cell 74:237-244.
2. Berelowitz M, Szabo M, Frohman LA, Firoslone S, Cha L, Hintz RL: 1981. Somatomedin-C mediates growth hormone negative feedback by effects on both the hypothalamus and the pituitary. Science 212: 1279-1281.
3. Bichell DP, Kikuchi K, Rotwein P: 1992. Growth hormone rapidly activates insulin-like growth factor 1 gene transcription in vivo. Mol Endocrinol 6:1899-1908.
4. Brazeau P, Vale W, Burgus R, et al.: 1973. Hypothalamic polypeptide that inhibits the secretion of immunoreactive pituitary growth hormone. Science 179:77-79.
5. Campbell GS, Pang L, Miyasaka T, Saltiel AR, Carter-Su C: 1992. Stimulation by growth hormone of MAP kinase activity in 3T3-F442A fibroblasts. J Biol Chem 267:6074-6080.
6. Carlson HE, Gillin JC, Gorden P, Snyder F: 1972. Absence of sleep-related growth hormone peaks in aged normal subjects and in acromegaly. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 34: 1102-1105.
7. Carvalho CRO, Brenelli SL, Silva AC, et al.: 1996. Effect of aging on insulin receptor, insulin receptor substrate-1, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase in liver and muscle of rats. Endocrinology 137:151-159.
8. Ceda GP, Valenti G, Butturini U, Hoffman AR: 1986. Diminished pituitary responsiveness to growth hormone-releasing factor in aging male rats. Endocrinology 118:2109-2114.
9. Cohick WS, Clemmons: 1993. The insulin-like growth factors. Annu Rev Physiol 55:131-153.
10. Corpas E, Harman SM, Blackman MR: 1993. Human growth hormone and human aging. Endocr Rev 14:20-39.
11. D'Costa AP, Xu X, Ingram RL, Sonntag WE: 1995. Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 stimulation of protein synthesis is attenuated in cortex of aging rat brains. Neuroscience 65: 805-813.
12. De Gennaro Colonna V, Zoli M, Cocchi D, et al.: 1989. Reduced growth hormone releasing factor (GHRF) immunoreactivity and GHRF gene expression in the hypothalamus of aged rats. Peptides 10:705-708.
13. De Gennaro Colonna V, Fidone F, Cocchi D, Muller FE: 1993. Feedback effects of growth hormone on growth hormone releasing hormone and somatostatin are not evident in aged rats. Neurobiol Aging 14:503-507.
14. Finkelstein J, Roffwarg H, Boyar R, Kream J, Hellman L: 1972. Age-related changes in the twenty-four hour spontaneous secretion of growth hormone. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 35:665-670.
15. Florini JR, Harned J, Richman R, Weiss J: 1981. Effect of rat age on serum levels of growth hormone and somatomedins. Mech Ageing Dev 15:165-176.
16. Foster JA, Rich CB, Miller M, Benedict MR, Richman RA, Florini JR: 1990. Effect of age and IGF-I administration on elastin gene expression in rat aorta. J Gerontol 45:B113-118.
17. Ghigo E, Goffi E, Nicolosi M, et al.: 1990. Growth hormone (GH) responsiveness to combined administration of arginine and GH-releasing hormone does not vary with age in man. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 71: 1481-1485.
18. Gronowski AM, Zhong Z, Wen Z, Thomas MJ, Darnell JE Jr, Rotwein P: 1995. In vivo growth hormone treatment rapidly stimulates the tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of Stat3. Mol Endocrinol 9:171-177.
19. Johanson A, Blizzard R: 1981. Low somatomedin-C levels in older men rise in response to growth hormone administration. Johns Hopkins Med J 149:115-117.
20. Kaiser FE, Selver AJ, Morely JE: 1991. The effect of recombinant human growth hormone on malnourished older individuals. J Am Geriatr Soc 39:235-240.
21. Kelley K, Brief S, Westly H, et al.: 1986. GH pituitary adenoma cells can reverse thymic aging in rats. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 83: 5663-5667.
22. Khansari DN, Gustad T: 1991. Effects of long-term, low dose growth hormone therapy on immune function and life expectancy of mice. Mech Ageing Dev 57:87-100.
23. Laron A, Doron M, Arnikan B: 1970. Plasma growth hormone in men and woman over 70 years of age. Med Sports Phys Activity Aging 4:126-129.
24. Li CH, Evans HM, Simpson ME: 1945. Isolation and properties of the anterior hypophysial growth hormone. J Biol Chem 159:353-356.
25. Lieberman SA, Mitchell AM, Marcus R, Hintz RL, Hoffman AR: 1994. The insulin-like growth factor 1 generation test: resistance to growth hormone with aging and estrogen replacement therapy. Horm Metab Res 26:229-233
26. Ling N, Esch F, Bohlen P, Wehrenberg WB, Guillemin R: 1984. Isolation, primary structure, and synthesis of human hypothalamic somatocrinin: growth hormone-releasing factor. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 81:4302-4306.
27. Marcus R, Butterfield G, Holloway L, et al.: 1990. Effects of short term administration of recombinant human growth hormone to elderly people. J Clin Endo Metab 70:519-527.
28. Morimoto N, Kawakami F, Makino S, Chihara K, Hasegawa M, Ibata Y: 1988. Age-related changes in growth hormone releasing factor and somatostatin in the rat hypothalamus. Neuroendocrinology 47:459-464.
29. Penalva A, Burguera B, Casabiell X, Tresguerres JA, Dieguez C, Casanueva FF: 1989. Activation of cholinergic neruotransmission by pyridostigmine reverses the inhibitory effect of hyperglycemia on growth hormone (GH) releasing hormone-induced GH secretion in man: does acute hyperglycemia act through hypothalamic release of somatostatin? Neuroendocrinology 49:551-554.
30. Rivier J, Spiess J, Thorner M, Vale W: 1982. Characterization of a growth hormone-releasing factor from a human pancreatic islet tumor. Nature 300:276-278.
31. Roupas P, Herington AC: 1994. Postreceptor signaling mechanisms for growth hormone. Trends Endocrinol Metab 5:154-158.
32. Rudman D, Kutner MH, Rogers CM, Lubin MF, Fleming GA, Bain RP: 1981. Impaired growth hormone secretion in the adult population. J Clin Investigation 67:1361-1369.
33. Rudman D, Feller AG, Nagraj HS, et al.: 1990. Effect of human growth hormone in men over 60 years old. N Engl J Med 323:1-6.
34. Shibasaki T, Shizume K, Nakahara M, et al.: 1984. Age-related changes in plasma growth hormone response to growth hormone-releasing factor in man. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 58:212-214.
35. Sonntag WE, Gough MA: 1988. Growth hormone releasing hormone induced release of growth hormone in aging rats: dependence of pharmacological manipulation and endogenous somatostatin. Neuroendocrinology 47: 482-488.
36. Sonntag WE, Steger RW, Forman LJ, Meites J: 1980. Decreased pulsatile release of growth hormone in old male rats. Endocrinology 107:1875-1879.
37. Sonntag WE, Forman LJ, Mild N, et al.: 1981. Effects of CNS active drugs and somatostatin antiserum on growth hormone release in young and old male rats. Neuroendocrinology 33:73-78.
38. Sonntag WE, Hylka VW, Meites J: 1983. Impaired ability of old male rats to secrete growth hormone in vivo but not in vitro in response to hpGRF (1-44). Endocrinology 113:2305-2307.
39. Sonntag WE, Hylka VW, Meites J: 1984. Growth hormone restores protein synthesis in skeletal muscle of old male rats. Endocrinology 107:1875-1879.
40. Sonntag WE, Gottschall PE, Meites J: 1986. Increased secretion of somatostatin-28 from hypothalamic neurons of aged rats in vitro. Brain Res 380:229-234.
41. Sonntag WE, Boyd RL, Booze RM: 1990. Somatostatin gene expression in hypothalamus and cortex of aging male rats. Neurobiol Aging 11:409-416.
42. Sonntag WE, Lenham JE, Ingram RL: 1992. Effects of aging and dietary restriction on tissue protein synthesis: Relationship to plasma insulin like growth factor-1. J Gerontol 47:B159-B163.
43. Sonntag WE, Xu X, Ingram RL, D'Costa A: 1995. Moderate caloric restriction alters the subcellular distribution of somatostatin mRNA and increases growth hormone pulse amplitude in aged animals. Neuroendocrinology 61:601-608.
44. Sotiropoulos A, Perrot-Applanat M, Dinerstein H, et al.: 1994. Distinct cytoplasmic regions of the growth hormone receptor are required for activation of JAK2, mitogen-activated protein kinase and transcription. Endocrinology 135:1292-1298.
45. Spik KW, Sonntag WE: 1989. Increased pituitary response to somatostatin in aging male rats: relationship to somatostatin receptor number and affinity. Neuroendocrinology 50:489-494.
46. Takahashi S, Meites J: 1987. GH binding to liver in young and old female rats: relation to somatomedin-C secretion. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 186:229-233.
47. Tannenbaum GS, Ling N: 1984. The interrelationships of growth hormone releasing factor and somatostatin in generation of the ultradian rhythm of growth hormone secretion. Endocrinology 115:1952-1957.
48. Tannenbaum GS, Martin J: 1976. Evidence for an endogenous ultradian rhythm governing growth hormone secretion in the rat. Endocrinology 98:562-568.
49. Weltman A, Weltman JY, Schurrer R, et al.: 1992. Endurance training amplifies the pulsatile release of growth hormone: effects of training intensity. J Appl Physiol 72:2188-2196.
50. Xu X, Bennett SA, Ingram RL, Sonntag WE: 1995. Decreases in growth hormone receptor signal transduction contribute to the decline in IGF-I gene expression with age. Endocrinology 136:4551-4557.