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Volumn 118, Issue 41, 1996, Pages 9876-9883

An asymmetric route to the conanine BCDE ring system. A formal total synthesis of (+)-conessine

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALKALOID; CONESSINE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

EID: 0029999489     PISSN: 00027863     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/ja961903o     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (60)

References (75)
  • 17
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    • note
    • Bicyclic lactam 1 was derived from (S)-valinol and levulinic acid and is commercially available from Ultrafine Chemicals, Manchester, U.K.
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    • For reviews of high-pressure organic reactions, see: (a) Asano, T.; Lenoible, W. J. Chem. Rev. 1978, 78, 407. (b) Matsumoto, K.; Uchida, T. Synthesis 1985, 999.
    • (1978) Chem. Rev. , vol.78 , pp. 407
    • Asano, T.1    Lenoible, W.J.2
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    • For reviews of high-pressure organic reactions, see: (a) Asano, T.; Lenoible, W. J. Chem. Rev. 1978, 78, 407. (b) Matsumoto, K.; Uchida, T. Synthesis 1985, 999.
    • (1985) Synthesis , pp. 999
    • Matsumoto, K.1    Uchida, T.2
  • 31
    • 0003998388 scopus 로고
    • CRC Press: Cleveland, OH
    • Vapor pressures of benzene at selected temperatures: 10 atm (178.8 °C), 20 atm (221.5°C), and 40 atm (272.3°C) CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 56th ed.; Weast, R. C., Ed.; CRC Press: Cleveland, OH, 1976; p 6.
    • (1976) Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 56th Ed. , pp. 6
    • Weast, R.C.1
  • 32
    • 10344232471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • The ratio of diastereomers was determined by integration of pertinent resonances corresponding to anti and syn isomers.
  • 33
    • 0003515612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heydon & Son, Ltd: Chichester, U.K.
    • This gamma gauche (γg) substituent effect is greatest in conformationally rigid systems whenever two protons bearing carbons are at dihedral angles of 60° or less. See: Wehrli, F. W.; Wirthlin, T. Interpretation of Carbon-13 NMR Spectra; Heydon & Son, Ltd: Chichester, U.K., pp 27-28, 37. For bicyclic lactams, with few exceptions, the chemical shift for the angular methyl group in the anti isomers 9 (27-29 ppm) is considerably downfield from that of the syn isomers (19-23 ppm).
    • Interpretation of Carbon-13 NMR Spectra , pp. 27-28
    • Wehrli, F.W.1    Wirthlin, T.2
  • 34
    • 10344251299 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • 4 at higher temperatures than 0°C.
  • 35
    • 10344230751 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • In a separate experiment 1 mol % pyrrolidine 9 was added to a solution of dipole precursor 8 and unsaturated lactam 7 followed by trace TFA (∼0.01%). After heating, the (3 + 2) cycloaddition proceeded to completion within 6 h at 190°C.
  • 36
    • 10344259429 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Owing to the high cost of 1 M tetrabutylammonium dihydrogen phosphate buffer solution ($90 for 500 mL of 1 M solution, Aldrich), a buffer recovery protocol was implemented. Upon completion of hydrolysis of carbinolamine 13, the biphasic mixture was allowed to separate and the aqueous phase was saved and reused 3-4 times in subsequent syntheses to afford 15 in better than 80% yield each time.
  • 37
    • 10344227520 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • 1H NMR of the crude spirodiketone 14 revealed considerable quantities of unhydrolyzed carbinolamine 13. In these cases the crude material was redissolved in CH2Ch and treated with fresh phosphate buffer solution and hydrolysis continued at reflux temperatures until complete consumption of carbinolamine was observed.
  • 47
    • 10344226968 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • 8 at 100°C to effect complete resolution of signals.
  • 61
    • 10344232987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Irradiation of the C20 methine shows a 3% NOE with the C21 methyl group. In addition, irradiation of the C21 methyl group shows a 3% NOE with the C20 methine and does not show any detectable NOE with the C19 bridgehead methine.
  • 68
    • 10344259428 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • in press
    • We have recently studied the metalation-alkylation of 20 in greater detail and found, using D-isotope effects, that both steps proceed with retention (Kopach, M. E., Meyers, A. I. J. Org. Chem., in press).
    • J. Org. Chem.
    • Kopach, M.E.1    Meyers, A.I.2
  • 69
    • 10344257824 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • 6a,c mp 82°C).
  • 72
    • 10344263206 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • It is recommended that this procedure be conducted behind a blast shield in a hood.
  • 73
    • 10344246393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • This procedure involved the use of smaller amounts of dipole precursor 8 whereas utilizing the conditions described in the discussion (6 h at 190°C) gave the same yield of product. However, the latter conditions required the use of larger amounts of dipole precursor 8.
  • 74
    • 10344228027 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • The X-ray structures have been submitted to the Cambridge Crystallographic Center. The ORTEP structure for 20 is also included in the supporting information.
  • 75
    • 10344235539 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • 13C NMR spectrum, recorded at 100°C (toluene), did not show any significant differences, in addition to solvent overlapping with the sample.


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.