Impact of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus on mortality in England and Wales from January 1975 to December 1990

Epidemiology and Infection

Volumn 116, Issue 1, 1996, Pages 51-63

  Nicholson, K G ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF LEICESTER   (United Kingdom)

^b LEICESTER ROYAL INFIRMARY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; ENVIRONMENTAL TEMPERATURE; EPIDEMIC; HUMAN; INFLUENZA; INFLUENZA VIRUS A; INFLUENZA VIRUS B; MORBIDITY; MORTALITY; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL PNEUMOVIRUS; SEASONAL VARIATION; UNITED KINGDOM; UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTION;

EID: 0029986076     PISSN: 09502688     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0950268800058957     Document Type: Article

References (29)

1. Farr W. Tenth annual report of the Registrar General. London: HMSO. 1847: xii.
2. Stocks P. The effect of influenza epidemics on the certified cause of death. Lancet 1935; ii: 386-95.
3. Eickhoff TC, Sherman IL, Serfling RE. Observations on excess mortality associated with epidemic influenza. JAMA 1961; 176: 776-82.
4. Housworth J, Langmuir AD. Excess mortality from epidemic influenza. Am J Epidemiol 1974; 100: 40-8.
5. Ashley J, Smith T, Dunnell, K. Deaths in Great Britain associated with the influenza epidemic of 1989/90. Pop Trends 1991; 65: 16-20.
6. Garvie DG, Gray J. Outbreak of respiratory syncytial virus infection in the elderly. BMJ 1980; 281: 1253-4.
7. Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre. Respiratory syncytial virus infection in the elderly, 1976-1982. BMJ 1983; 287: 1618-9.
8. Hart RJC. An outbreak of respiratory syncytial virus infection in an old peoples' home. J Infect 1984; 8: 259-61.
9. Anonymous. Respiratory syncytial disease -Missouri. MMWR 1977; 26: 351.
10. Mathur U, Bentley DW, Hall CB. Concurrent respiratory syncytial virus and influenza A infections in the institutionalized elderly and chronically ill. Ann Intern Med 1980; 93: 49-52.
11. Morales F, Calder MA, Inglis JM, Murdoch PS, Williamson J. A study of respiratory infections in the elderly to assess the role of respiratory syncytial virus. J Infect 1983; 7: 236-47
12. Sorvillo FJ, Huie SF, Strassburg MA, Butsumyo A, Shandera WX, Fannin SL. An outbreak of respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia in a nursing home for the elderly. J Infect 1984; 9: 252-6.
13. Nicholson KG, Baker DJ, Farquhar A, Hurd D, Kent J, Smith SH, Acute upper respiratory tract viral illness and influenza immunisation in homes for the elderly. Epidemiol Infect 1990; 105: 609-18.
14. Falsey AR, Walsh EE, Betts RF. Serologic evidence of respiratory syncytial virus infection in nursing home patients. J Inf Dis 1990; 162: 568-9.
15. Monto AD, Cavallaro JJ, The Tecumseh study of respiratory illness. II Patterns of occurrence of infections with respiratory pathogens, 1965-69. Am J Epidemiol 1971; 94: 280-9.
16. Curwen M, Devis T. Winter mortality, temperature and influenza: has the relationship changed in recent years? Pop Trends 1988; 54: 17-20.
17. Clifford RE, Smith JWG, Tillett HE, Wherry PJ. Excess mortality associated with influenza in England and Wales. Int J Epidemiol 1977; 6: 115-28.
18. Tillett HE, Smith JWG, Gooch CD. Excess deaths attributable to influenza in England and Wales: age at death and certified cause. Int J Epidemiol 1983; 6: 115-28.
19. Fleming DM, Cross KW, Crombie DL, Lancashire RJ. Respiratory illness and mortality in England and Wales. Eur J Epidemiol 1993; 9: 571-6.
20. Chakraverty P. Cunningham P, Shen GZ, Pereira MS. Influenza in the United Kingdom 1982-85. J Hyg 1986; 97: 347-58.
21. Tillett HE, Smith JWG, Clifford R. Excess morbidity and mortality associated with influenza in England and Wales. Lancet 1980: i: 793-5.
22. Tillett HE. Nicholas S, Watson JM. Unusual pattern of influenza mortality in 1989/90. Lancet 1991; 338: 1590-1.
23. Ailing DW, Blackwelder WC, Stuart-Harris CH. A study of excess mortality during influenza epidemics in the United States, 1968-1976. Am J Epidemiol 1981; 113: 30-43.
24. Sprenger MJW, Mulder PGHG, Beyer WEP, Van Strik R, Masurel N. Impact of influenza on mortality in relation to age and underlying disease, 1967-1989. Int J Epidemiol 1993; 22: 334-40.
25. Anderson LJ, Parker RA, Strikas RL. Association between respiratory syncytial virus outbreaks and lower respiratory tract deaths of infants and young children. J Infect Dis 1990; 161: 640-6.
26. Fleming DM, Cross KW. Respiratory syncytial virus or influenza? Lancet 1993; 342: 1507-10.
27. Hall CB. Respiratory syncytial virus. In: Zuckerman AJ, Banatvala JE, Pattison JR, eds. Principles and practice of clinical virology. 2nd ed. Chichester: John Wiley, 1990; 253-66.
28. Bull GM, Morton J. Relationships of temperature with death rates from all causes and from certain respiratory and arteriosclerotic diseases in different age groups. Age and Ageing, 1975; 4: 232-46.
29. Curwen M. Excess winter mortality: a British phenomenon? Health Trends 1990/91; 21: 169-75.