Patterns of positive and negative symptoms in first episode schizophrenia

British Journal of Psychiatry

Volumn 168, Issue JUNE, 1996, Pages 693-701

  Vázquez Barquero, José Luis ^a   Lastra, Ismael ^a   Nuñez, Ma Jesús Cuesta ^a   Castanedo, Sara Herrera ^a   Dunn, Graham ^b  

^a HOSPITAL UNIVERSITARIO MARQUÉS DE VALDECILLA   (Spain)

^b KING'S COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; DELUSION; FEMALE; HALLUCINATION; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; NEGATIVE SYNDROME; SCHIZOPHRENIA; SYMPTOMATOLOGY;

EID: 0029980915     PISSN: 00071250     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1192/bjp.168.6.693     Document Type: Article

References (28)

1. ANDREASEN, N. C. (1982) Negative symptoms in schizophrenia. Definition and reliability. Archives of General Psychiatry, 39, 784-788.
2. _ (1983) The Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS). Iowa City: The University of Iowa.
3. _ (1984) The Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS). Iowa City: The University of Iowa.
4. _ & OLSEN, S. (1982) Negative and positive schizophrenia: definition and validation. Archives of General Psychiatry, 39, 789-794.
5. ARNDT, S., ALLIGER, R. J. & ANDREASEN, N. C. (1991) The distinction of positive and negative symptoms. The failure of a two-dimensional model. British Journal of Psychiatry, 158, 317-322.
6. CROW, T. J. (1980) Molecular pathology of schizophrenia: more than a disease process? British Medical Journal, 280, 66-68.
7. DE LEON, J., PERALTA, V. & CUESTA, M. J. (1993) Negative symptoms and emotional blunting in schizophrenic patients. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 54, 103-108.
8. DUNN, G., SHAM, P. & HAND, D. (1993) Statistics and the nature of depression. Psychological Medicine, 23, 871-889.
9. GITTELMAN-KLEIN, R. & KLEIN, D. F. (1969) Premorbid asocial adjustment and prognosis in schizophrenia. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 7, 35-53.
10. GOLDSTEIN, M. J. (1978) Further data concerning the relation between premorbid adjustment and paranoid symptomatology. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 4, 236-243.
11. GUR, R. E., MOZLEY, P. D., RESNICK, S. M., et al (1991) Relations among clinical scales in schizophrenia. American Journal of Psychiatry, 148, 472-478.
12. KEEFE, R. S. E., HARVEY, P. D., LENZENWEGER, M. F., et al (1992) Empirical assessment of the factorial structure of clinical symptoms in schizophrenia: Negative symptoms. Psychiatry Research, 44, 153-165.
13. LIDDLE, P. F. (1987) The symptoms of chronic schizophrenia: a reexamination of the positive-negative dichotomy. British Journal of Psychiatry, 151, 145-151.
14. MALLA, A. K., NORMAN, R. M. G., WILLIAMSON, P., et al (1993) Three syndrome concept of schizophrenia. A factor analytic study. Schizophrenia Research, 10, 143-150.
15. MILLER, D. D., ARNDT, S. & ANDREASEN, N. C. (1993) Alogia, attentional impairment, and inappropriate affect: Their status in the dimension of schizophrenia. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 34, 221-226.
16. OBIOLS, J. E., SALVADOR, L., HUMBERT, M., et al (1985) Evaluación de los síntomas negativos de la esquizofrenia, Revista Departamento de Psiquiatría Facultad de Medicina de Barcelona, 12, 85-91.
17. PERALTA, V., DE LEON, J. & CUESTA, M. J. (1992) Are there more than two syndromes in schizophrenia? A critique of the positive-negative dichotomy. British Journal of Psychiatry, 161, 335-343.
18. _, CUESTA, M. J. & DE LEON, J. (1994) An empirical analysis of latent structures underlying schizophrenic symptoms: A four-syndrome model. Biological Psychiatry, 36, 726-736.
19. SALVADOR, L., OBIOLS, J. E., HUMBERT, M., et al (1985) Evaluación de los sintomas positivos de la esquizofrenia. Revista Departamento de Psiquiatría Facultad de Medicina de Barcelona, 12, 92-102.
20. SHTASEL, D. L., GUR, R. E., GALLACHER, F., et al (1992) Phenomenology and functioning in first-episode schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 18, 449-461.
21. SILVER, H., DAVID, D., KAPLAN, M., et al (1993) Factor analysis of schizophrenic symptoms and comparison of different rating scales. Schizophrenia Research, 10, 67-75.
22. SPSS (1993) SPSS for Windows. Release 6.0. Chicago: SPSS Inc.
23. THOMPSON, P. A. & MELTZER, H. Y. (1993) Positive, negative, and disorganisation factors from the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia and the Present State Examination. A three-factor solution. British Journal of Psychiatry, 163, 344-351.
24. VÁZQUEZ-BARQUERO, J. L., DÍEZ MANRIQUE, J. F., PEÑA, C., et al (1987) A community mental health survey in Cantabria: a general description of morbidity. Psychological Medicine, 17, 227-241.
25. _, CUESTA, M. J., DE LA VARGA, M., et al (1995a) The Cantabria first episode schizophrenia study: a summary of general findings. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 91, 156-162.
26. _, _, QUINTANA, F., et al (1995b) Structural abnormalities of the brain in schizophrenia: Sex differences in the Cantabria First Episode of Schizophrenia Study. Psychological Medicine, 25, 1247-1257.
27. _, DE LA VARGA, M., CUESTA, M. J., et al (1996) Sociodemographic and clinical variables as predictors of the diagnostic characteristics of first episodes of schizophrenia. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, in press.
28. WING, J., COOPER, J. E. & SARTORIUS, N. (1974) Measurement and Classification of Psychiatric Symptoms. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.