Spatial distribution of Phytophthora cactorum in New York apple orchard soils

Phytopathology

Volumn 86, Issue 10, 1996, Pages 1122-1132

  Horner, I J ^a   Wilcox, W F ^b  

^a THE NEW ZEALAND INSTITUTE FOR PLANT AND FOOD RESEARCH LIMITED   (New Zealand)

^b New York State Agricultural Experiment Station   (United States)

Author keywords

epidemiology; oospores; quantification; SADAMCAP

Indexed keywords

PHYTOPHTHORA CACTORUM;

EID: 0029976284     PISSN: 0031949X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1094/Phyto-86-1122     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. Banihashemi, Z., and Mitchell, J. E. 1975 Use of safflower seedlings for the detection and isolation of Phytophthora cactorum from soil and its application to population studies. Phytopathology 65:1424-1430.
2. Banihashemi, Z., and Mitchell, J. E. 1976. Factors affecting oospore germination in Phytophthora cactorum, the incitant of apple collar rot. Phytopathology 66:443-448.
3. Braun, H., and Nienhaus, F. 1959. Fortgeführte Untersuchungen über die Kragenfaüle des Apfels (Phytophthora cactorum). Phytopathol. Z. 36:169-208.
4. Braun, H., and Schwinn, F. J. 1963 Fortgeführte Untersuchungen über den Erreger der Kragenfäule des Apfelsbaumes (Phytophthora cactorum). II. Phytopathol. Z. 47:327-370.
5. Browne, G. T, and Mircetich, S. M. 1988. Effects of flood duration on the development of Phytophthora root and crown rots of apple. Phytopathology 78:846-851.
6. Campbell, C. L., Jacobi, W. R., Powell, N. T., and Main, C. E. 1984. Analysis of disease progression and the randomness of occurrence of infected plants during tobacco black shank epidemics. Phytopathology 74:230-235.
7. Carlile, M. J. 1983. Motility, taxis and tropism in Phytophthora. Pages 95-107 in: Phytophthora. Its Biology, Taxonomy, Ecology and Control. D. C. Erwin, S. Bartnicki-Garcia, and P. H. Tsao, eds. The American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN.
8. Ferrin, D. M., and Mitchell, D. J. 1983. Spatial pattern of Phytophthora parasitica var. nicotianae in infested tobacco field soil. (Abstr.) Phytopathology 73:812.
9. Harris, D. C. 1979. The occurrence of Phytophthora syringae in fallen apple leaves. Ann. Appl. Biol. 91:309-312.
10. Harris, D. C. 1985. The colonization of fallen apple leaves by Phytophthora syringae in relation to inoculum levels in orchard soil. Ann. Appl. Biol. 107:179-188.
11. Harris, D. C. 1989. The significance of apple tree tissues for regeneration of Phytophthora cactorum in apple orchards. J. Hortic. Sci. 64:389-393.
12. Harris, D. C. 1991. The Phytophthora diseases of apple. J. Hortic. Sci. 66:513-544.
13. Harris, D. C., and Bielenin, A. 1986. Evaluation of selective media and bait methods for estimating Phytophthora cactorum in apple orchard soils. Plant Pathol. 35:565-574.
14. Harris, D. C., Cole, D. M., and Gibbs, J. A. 1981. Diseases caused by Phytophthora species. Page 81 in: Rep. East Malling Res. Stn. (Maidstone, Engl.) 1980.
15. Harris, D. C., and Tobutt, K. R. 1986. Factors influencing the mortality of apple seedlings inoculated with zoospores of Phytophthora cactorum (L. & C.) Schroet. J. Hortic. Sci. 61:457-464.
16. Horner, I. J., and Wilcox, W. F. 1995. Spatial and temporal distribution of Phytophthora cactorum in apple orchard soils. (Abstr.) Phytopathology 85:1125.
17. Horner, I. J., and Wilcox, W. F. 1995. SADAMCAP, a technique for quantifying populations of Phytophthora cactorum in apple orchard soils. Phytopathology 85:1400-1408.
18. Horner, I. J., and Wilcox, W. F. 1996. Temporal changes in activity and dormant spore populations of Phytophthora cactorum in New York apple orchard soils. Phytopathology 86:1133-1139.
19. Jeffers, S N. 1985. Phytophthora crown rot of apple trees: Detection and occurrence of the pathogens and seasonal variation in colonization of two apple rootstocks. Ph D. thesis. Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.
20. Jeffers, S. N., and Aldwinckle, H. S 1987. Enhancing detection of Phytophthora cactorum in naturally infested soil. Phytopathology 77:1475-1482.
21. Jeffers, S. N., and Martin, S. B. 1986. Comparison of two media selective for Phytophthora and Pythium species. Plant Dis. 70:1038-1043.
22. Jeffers, S. N., and Wilcox, W. F. 1990. Phytophthora crown, collar, and root rots. Pages 43-45 in: Compendium of Apple and Pear Diseases. A. L. Jones and H. S. Aldwinckle, eds. The American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN.
23. Marks, G. C., and Mitchell, J. E. 1970. Detection, isolation, and pathogenicity of Phytophthora megasperma from soils and estimation of inoculum levels. Phytopathology 60:1687-1690.
24. Matheron, M. E., Young, D. J., and Matejka, J. C. 1988. Phytophthora root and crown rot of apple trees in Arizona. Plant Dis. 72:481-484.
25. McIntosh, D. L. 1963. The collar rot problems in our orchards. Proc. Wash. State Hortic. Assoc. 59:131-136.
26. McIntosh, D. L. 1977. Phytophthora cactorum propagule density levels in orchard soil Plant Dis. Rep 61:528-532.
27. Meyer, D., and Schonbeck, F. 1975. Investigations on the development of Phytophthora cactorum (Leb. et Cohn) Schroet. in soil. Z. Pflanzenkr. Pflanzenschutz 82:337-354.
28. Nienhaus, F. 1960. Das Wirtsspektrum von Phytophthora cactorum (Leb. et Cohn) Schröet. Phytopathol. Z. 38:33-68.
29. Nicot, P. C., Rouse, D. I., and Yandell, B. S. 1983. Spatial statistics as a tool to compare the distribution of Verticillium dahliae in the soil to that of diseased plants in a commercial potato field. (Abstr.) Phytopathology 73:803.
30. Raw, F. 1962. Studies of earthworms populations in orchards. I. Leaf burial in orchards. Ann. Appl. Biol. 50:389-404.
31. Ristaino, J. B., Larkin, R P., and Campbell, C. L. 1994. Spatial dynamics of disease symptom expression during Phytophthora epidemics in bell pepper. Phytopathology 84:1015-1024.
32. Satchell, J. E. 1967. Lumbricidae. Pages 259-322 in: Soil Biology. A. Burges and F. Raw, eds. Academic Press Ltd., London.
33. Sewell, G. W. F., Wilson, J. F., and Dakwa, J. T. 1974. Seasonal variations in the activity in soil of Phytophthora cactorum, P. syringae, and P. citricola in relation to collar rot disease of apple. Ann. Appl. Biol. 76:179-186.
34. Timmer, L. W., Sandler, H. A., Graham, J. H., and Zitko, S. E. 1988. Sampling citrus orchards in Florida to estimate populations of Phytophthora parasitica. Phytopathology 78:940-944.
35. Timmer, L. W., Zitko, S. E., Sandler, H A., and Graham, J. H. 1989. Seasonal and spatial analysis of populations of Phytophthora parasitica in citrus orchards in Florida. Plant Dis. 73:810-813.
36. Welsh, M. F. 1942. Studies of crown rot of apple trees. Can. J. Res. Sect. C 20:457-490.
37. Woodhead, C. E. 1957. A survey of collar rot and root rot of Cox's Orange Pippin and other apple varieties in Nelson and Marlborough. N.Z. J. Agric. Res. 1:462-476.
38. Workneh, F., Yang, X. B., and Tylka, G. L. 1995. Vertical distribution of Phytophthora sojae and Phialophora gregata in till and no-till soybean fields. (Abstr.) Phytopathology 85:1193.