Youth at risk: Definitions and implications for service delivery

American Journal of Orthopsychiatry

Volumn 66, Issue 2, 1996, Pages 172-188

  Resnick, Gary ^a   Burt, Martha R ^b  

^a WESTAT   (United States)

^b URBAN INSTITUTE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENCE; ADOLESCENT; ADOLESCENT PREGNANCY; CRIMINAL BEHAVIOR; FAMILY LIFE; HEALTH CARE DELIVERY; HIGH RISK POPULATION; HOMELESSNESS; HUMAN; JUVENILE DELINQUENCY; MODEL; PREVENTIVE HEALTH SERVICE; REVIEW; SCHOOL; SEXUAL BEHAVIOR; SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT; SUBSTANCE ABUSE;

ADOLESCENT; ADOLESCENT BEHAVIOR; ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY; ADULT; CHILD; FAMILY; HUMANS; MENTAL DISORDERS; RISK FACTORS; SOCIAL WORK; SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS;

EID: 0029974504     PISSN: 00029432     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1037/h0080169     Document Type: Review

References (67)

1. Adams, G.R., Gulotta, T., & Clancy, M.A. (1985) Homeless adolescents: A descriptive study of similarities and differences between runaways and thrownaways. Adolescence, 79, 715-724.
2. Arnett, J., & Balle-Jensen, L. (1993). Cultural bases of risk behavior: Danish adolescents. Child Development, 64, 1842-1855
3. Bane, M.J., & Ellwood, D. (1989) One fifth of the nation's children: Why are they poor? Science, 245, 1047-1053.
4. Baumrind, D. (1991). Parenting styles and adolescent development. In J. Brooks-Gunn, R. Lerner, & A.C. Petersen (Eds.), The encyclopedia of adolescence. New York: Garland Press.
5. Belsky, J. (1981) Early human experience: A family perspective. Developmental Psychology, 17(1), 3-23.
6. Berla, N., Henderson, A.T., & Kerewsky, W (1989). The middle school years: A parents' handbook. Columbia, MD: National Committee for Citizens in Education.
7. Botvin, G.J., Horace, W., Batson, S.W.-V. et al. (1989). A psychosocial approach to smoking prevention for urban black youth Public Health Reports. 104(6), 573-582.
8. Bronfenbrenner, U (1979). The ecology of human development Experiments by nature and design Cambridge, MA Harvard University Press.
9. Bureau of the Census. (1989). Money, income and poverty status in the United States: 1988 (Advance data from the March 1989 Current Population Survey, Current Population Reports, Consumer Income, Series P-60, No 166) Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Commerce.
10. Centers for Disease Control. (1990) Unpublished 1988 data from the National Health Interview Survey. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics, U.S. Department. of Health and Human Services.
11. Cole, E., Nelson, K., Purcell, B , Farrow, F., & Ooms, T. (1990, June) Keeping troubled families together Promising programs and statewide reform Paper presented the annual meeting of the American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy, Washington, D.C.
12. D'Angelo, L J , Getson, P.R., Luban, N.L.C., & Gayle, H D. (1991). Human immunodeficiency virus infection in urban adolescents: Can we predict who is at risk? Pediatrics, 88(5), 982-986.
13. Dryfoos, J.G. (1990). Adolescents at risk New York: Oxford University Press.
14. Elliott, D.S., Dunford, F.W , & Huizinga, L M. (1987) The identification and prediction of career offenders utilizing self reported and official data. In J.D. Burchard & S N Burchard (Eds.), Primary prevention of psycho-pathology, Vol. 10 Prevention of delinquent behavior. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
15. Emans, S.J., Grace, E., Woods, E.R., Smith, D.E., Klein, K., & Merola, J. (1987). Adolescents compliance with the use of oral contraceptives. Journal of the American Medical Association, 257, 3377-3381.
16. Epstein, N.B , Bishop, D.S., & Baldwin, L.M. (1982). McMaster model of family functioning: A view of the normal family. In F Walsh (Ed.), Normal family processes. New York: Guilford Press.
17. Fanshel, D., Finchs, S J , & Grundy, J.F. (1990). Foster children in life course perspective. New York: Columbia University Press.
18. Farrington, D.P., & West, D.J. (1989). The Cambridge study in delinquent development: A long- term followup of 411 London males. In G. Kaiser & H.J. Kerner (Eds.), Criminality: Personality, behavior, life history. Heidelberg, Germany: Springer- Verlag.
19. Feldman, R A., Stiffman, A.R., & Jung, K.G. (1987) Children at risk. In the web of parental mental illness. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press.
20. Finkelhor, D., Hotaling, G., & Sedlak, A. (1990) Missing, abducted, runaway, and thrownaway children in America: First report - Numbers and characteristics (Report by the University of New Hampshire and Westat, Inc. [Cooperative Agreement #87-MC-CX-K069]) Washington, DC: Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, U.S. Department of Justice.
21. Garbarino, J , Schellenbach, C.J., Sebes, J.M., & Associates. (1986). Troubled youth, troubled families. Understanding families at risk for adolescent maltreatment New York: Aldine Publishing.
22. Garmezy, N., Masten, A.S., & Tellegen, A. (1984). The study of stress and competence in children: A building block for developmental psychopathology Child Development, 55, 97-111.
23. Gibbs, J.T., Brunswick, A.F., Connor, M.E., Dembo, R., Larson, T E , Reed, R.J., & Solomon, B. (1988). Young, black, and male in America: An endangered species. New York: Auburn House.
24. Goffman, E. (1961). Asylums. New York: Doubleday.
25. Hogan, D P., Astone, N M., & Kitagawa, E M. (1985). The impact of social status, family structure, and neighborhood on the fertility of black adolescents. Family Planning Perspectives, 17, 165-169
26. Jargowsky, P., & Bane, M.J. (1990). Neighborhood poverty: Basic questions. (Paper H-90-3). Cambridge, MA: Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University. .
27. Jaynes, G., & Williams, R. (Eds.). (1989). A common destiny: Blacks and American society. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
28. Jessor, R. (1987). Risky driving and adolescent problem behavior: An extension of problem behavior theory Alcohol, drugs and driving, 3, 1-11
29. Kreppner, K., & Lerner, R.M (Eds.). (1989). Family systems and life span development. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
30. Kronick, R. (1990, March). Update. Adolescent health insurance status Washington, DC: Office of Technology Assessment, U.S. Congress.
31. Lamb, M. (Ed.). (1981). The role of the father in child development (2nd ed.). New York: John Wiley.
32. Lorion, R.P., Price, R.H., & Eaton, W.W. (1989). The prevention of child and adolescent disorders: From theory to research In D. Shaffer, I. Philips, & N.B. Enzer (Eds.), Prevention of mental disorders, alcohol, and other drug use in children and adolescents. Rockville, MD: Office for Substance Abuse Prevention, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
33. Marcia, J. (1987). The identity status approach to the study of ego identity development. In T Honess & K. Yardley (Eds.), Self and identity Perspectives across the lifespan. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.
34. Melaville, A.I.,& Blank, M.J (1991) What it takes: Structuring interagency partnerships to connect children and families with comprehensive services. Washington, DC: Education and Human Services Consortium
35. Minuchin, S. (1977). Families and Family Therapy Cambridge, MA. Harvard University Press
36. Moore, T., Simms, N C , & Betsey, C L. (1986). Choice and circumstance: Racial differences in adolescent sexuality and fertility New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Books
37. Moos, R.H., & Moos, B S (1976). A typology of family social environments Family Process, 15, 257-371.
38. Mulvey, E.P , Arthur, M W., & Reppucci, N.D (1990, March). Review of programs for the prevention and treatment of delinquency. Washington, DC: Office of Technology Assessment, U.S. Congress.
39. National Assessment of Educational Progress. (1990). The reading report card, 1971-88. Princeton, NJ: Educational Testing Service.
40. National Center for Health Statistics. (1991, December 12). Advance report of final natality statistics: 1989. Monthly Vital Statistics Report, 40(8).
41. National Center on Child Abuse and Neglect. (1980). Recognition and reporting of child maltreatment: Findings from the study of national incidence and severity of child abuse and neglect. Washington. DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
42. National Center on Child Abuse and Neglect. (1988). Study findings: Study of national incidence and prevalence of child abuse and neglect, 1988. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
43. National Network of Runaway and Youth Services (1991). To whom do they belong?: Runaway, homeless and other youth in high-risk situations in the 1990s. Washington, DC: Author.
44. Office of Technology Assessment (1991). Adolescent Health, 1, 2, and 3. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.
45. Oliveri, M.E , & Reiss, D. (1981). A theory-based empirical classification of family problem-solving behavior. Family Process, 20, 409-418.
46. Olson, D.H., McCubbin, H I., Barnes, H L., Larsen, A.S., Muxen, M.J., & Wilson, M.A. (1983). Families. Beverly Hills: Sage.
47. Patterson, G.R. (1976). The aggressive child: Victim and architect of a coercive system. In L.A. Hamerlynck, L.C. Handy, & E.J. Mash (Eds.), Behavior modification and families I. Theory and research. New York: Brunner/Mazel.
48. Pelcovitz, D., Kaplan, S., Samit, C., & Krieger, R. (1984). Adolescent abuse: Family structure and implications for treatment. Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry, 23(1), 85-90.
49. Reid, J (1986). Social-interactional patterns in families of abused and nonabused children In C. Waxler & M. Radke-Yarrow (Eds.), Social and biological origins of altruism and aggression. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.
50. Resnick, G., Burt, M B , & Novick, E. (in press). Comprehensive service integration programs for at-risk youth Washington, DC: American Psychological Association Press
51. Ricketts, E.R., & Sawhill, I.V. (1988). Defining and measuring the underclass Journal of Policy Analysis and Management. 7, 316-325.
52. Rotheram-Borus, M.J., Koopman, C., & Ehrhardt, A.A (1991) Homeless youths and HIV infection. American Psychologist, 46 (11), 1188-1197
53. Rutter, M. (1979). Protective factors in children's responses to stress and disadvantage. In M W Kent & J.E. Rolf (Eds), Primary prevention of psychopathology (Vol. 3). Hanover, NH: University Press of New England.
54. Sameroff, A.J., & Fiese, B.H. (1989) Transactional regulation and early interaction. In S.J. Meisels & J.P. Shonkoff (Eds.), Early intervention A handbook of theory, practice and analysis Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.
55. Schorr, L B., & Schorr, D. (1988). Within our reach: Breaking the cycle of disadvantage New York: Doubleday.
56. Sroufe, L.A., & Rutter, M. (1984), The domain of developmental psychopathology. Child Development, 55, 17-29.
57. St. Louis, M.E., Conway, G A , Hayman, C.R., Miller, C., Petersen, L.R., & Dondero, T.J. (1991). Human immunodeficiency virus infection in disadvantaged adolescents. Journal of the American Medical Association, 266, 2387-2391.
58. Steinberg, L.D., Mounts, N.S., Lamborn, S.D., & Dornbusch, S.M. (1991). Authoritative parenting and adolescent adjustment across varied ecological niches. Journal of Research on Adolescence, I, 19-36.
59. Werner, E.E. (1986) Vulnerability and resiliency in children at risk for delinquency: A longitudinal study from birth to young adulthood. In J. Burchard & S. Burchard (Eds), Prevention of delinquent behavior. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
60. Werner, E.E. (1988). Individual differences, universal needs: A 30-year study of resilient high risk infants. Zero to three: Bulletin of the National Center for Clinical Infant Programs, 8(4), 1-5
61. West, D.J. (1977). Delinquency, its roots, careers and prospects. London: Heinemann.
62. West, D J., & Farrington, D.P. (1973) Who becomes delinquent? London: Heinemann.
63. William T. Grant Commission on Work, Family, and Citizenship. (1988). The forgotten half: Pathways to success for America's youth and young families Washington, DC: William T. Grant Foundation.
64. Wilson, W.J. (1987). The truly disadvantaged: The inner city, the underclass, and public policy. Chicago. Chicago University Press.
65. Young, A M. (1983). Youth labor force marked turning point in 1982. Monthly Labor Review, 106(8), 29-34.
66. Zuckerman, M. (1979) Sensation seeking. Beyond the optimum level of arousal. Hillsdale, NJ. Erlbaum.
67. Zuckerman, M., Eysenck, S.B.G., & Eysenck, H.J. (1978). Sensation seeking in England and America. Cross-cultural, age and sex comparisons Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 46, 39-149