메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 31, Issue 5, 1996, Pages 372-385

Pharmacokinetic changes in the elderly. Do they contribute to drug abuse and dependence?

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALPRAZOLAM; BENZODIAZEPINE DERIVATIVE; CHLORDIAZEPOXIDE; CODEINE; CYTOCHROME P450; ISOENZYME; MIDAZOLAM; OPIATE; PSYCHOTROPIC AGENT; TRIAZOLAM;

EID: 0029970731     PISSN: 03125963     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2165/00003088-199631050-00004     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (39)

References (144)
  • 1
    • 0029148925 scopus 로고
    • Abuse of prescription and licit psychoactive substances by the elderly: Issues and recommendations
    • Naranjo CA, Herrmann N, Özdemir V, et al. Abuse of prescription and licit psychoactive substances by the elderly: issues and recommendations. CNS Drugs 1995; 4 (3): 207-21
    • (1995) CNS Drugs , vol.4 , Issue.3 , pp. 207-221
    • Naranjo, C.A.1    Herrmann, N.2    Özdemir, V.3
  • 3
    • 0026800717 scopus 로고
    • Multiple medication use in the elderly: Use of prescription and non-prescription drugs in an Australian community setting
    • Simons LA, Tett S, Simons J, et al. Multiple medication use in the elderly: use of prescription and non-prescription drugs in an Australian community setting. Med J Aust 1992; 157: 242-6
    • (1992) Med J Aust , vol.157 , pp. 242-246
    • Simons, L.A.1    Tett, S.2    Simons, J.3
  • 4
    • 0025637750 scopus 로고
    • Failure to limit quantities of benzodiazepine hypnotic drugs for outpatients: Placing the elderly at risk
    • Short RI, Bauwens SF, Landefeld CS. Failure to limit quantities of benzodiazepine hypnotic drugs for outpatients: placing the elderly at risk. Am J Med 1990; 89: 725-32
    • (1990) Am J Med , vol.89 , pp. 725-732
    • Short, R.I.1    Bauwens, S.F.2    Landefeld, C.S.3
  • 5
    • 0023836017 scopus 로고
    • Development of long term use of psychotropic drugs by general practice patients
    • Mant A, Duncan-Jones P, Saltman D, et al. Development of long term use of psychotropic drugs by general practice patients. BMJ 1988; 296: 251-4
    • (1988) BMJ , vol.296 , pp. 251-254
    • Mant, A.1    Duncan-Jones, P.2    Saltman, D.3
  • 6
    • 0023835060 scopus 로고
    • Prevalence, frequency and duration of hypnotic use among the elderly living at home
    • Morgan K, Dallosso H, Ebrahim S, et al. Prevalence, frequency and duration of hypnotic use among the elderly living at home. BMJ 1988; 296: 601-2
    • (1988) BMJ , vol.296 , pp. 601-602
    • Morgan, K.1    Dallosso, H.2    Ebrahim, S.3
  • 7
    • 0024269779 scopus 로고
    • Use and abuse of benzodiazepines: Issues relevant to prescribing
    • Woods JH, Katz JL, Winger G. Use and abuse of benzodiazepines: issues relevant to prescribing. JAMA 1988; 260: 3476-80
    • (1988) JAMA , vol.260 , pp. 3476-3480
    • Woods, J.H.1    Katz, J.L.2    Winger, G.3
  • 8
    • 0023141490 scopus 로고
    • Psychotropic drug utilization patterns in a metropolitan population
    • Koenig W, Ruther E, Filipiak B. Psychotropic drug utilization patterns in a metropolitan population. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1987; 32: 43-51
    • (1987) Eur J Clin Pharmacol , vol.32 , pp. 43-51
    • Koenig, W.1    Ruther, E.2    Filipiak, B.3
  • 10
    • 0022381699 scopus 로고
    • Aging and generational effects on drinking behaviors in men: Results from the normative aging study
    • Glynn RJ, Bouchard GR, LoCastro JS, et al. Aging and generational effects on drinking behaviors in men: results from the normative aging study. Am J Public Health 1985; 75: 1413-9
    • (1985) Am J Public Health , vol.75 , pp. 1413-1419
    • Glynn, R.J.1    Bouchard, G.R.2    LoCastro, J.S.3
  • 12
    • 0021015572 scopus 로고
    • Sedative-hypnotic drug use and ageing
    • Morgan K. Sedative-hypnotic drug use and ageing. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 1983; 2: 181-99
    • (1983) Arch Gerontol Geriatr , vol.2 , pp. 181-199
    • Morgan, K.1
  • 13
    • 0026515661 scopus 로고
    • Cognitive improvement following benzodiazepine discontinuation in elderly nursing home residents
    • Salzman C, Fisher J, Nobel K, et al. Cognitive improvement following benzodiazepine discontinuation in elderly nursing home residents. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 1992; 7: 89-93
    • (1992) Int J Geriatr Psychiatry , vol.7 , pp. 89-93
    • Salzman, C.1    Fisher, J.2    Nobel, K.3
  • 14
    • 0025042573 scopus 로고
    • Problems and pitfalls in the use of benzodiazepines in the elderly
    • Kruse WHH. Problems and pitfalls in the use of benzodiazepines in the elderly. Drug Saf 1990; 5: 328-44
    • (1990) Drug Saf , vol.5 , pp. 328-344
    • Kruse, W.H.H.1
  • 15
    • 0023803453 scopus 로고
    • Benzodiazepine sedatives and the risk of falling in a community-dwelling elderly cohort
    • Sorock GS, Shimkin EE. Benzodiazepine sedatives and the risk of falling in a community-dwelling elderly cohort. Arch Intern Med 1988; 148: 2441-4
    • (1988) Arch Intern Med , vol.148 , pp. 2441-2444
    • Sorock, G.S.1    Shimkin, E.E.2
  • 16
    • 0024273598 scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for falls among the elderly persons living in the community
    • Tinetti ME, Speechley M, Ginter SF. Risk factors for falls among the elderly persons living in the community. N Engl J Med 1988; 319: 1701-7
    • (1988) N Engl J Med , vol.319 , pp. 1701-1707
    • Tinetti, M.E.1    Speechley, M.2    Ginter, S.F.3
  • 17
    • 0023626486 scopus 로고
    • Adverse drug reactions associated with global cognitive impairment in elderly persons
    • Larson EB, Kukull WA, Buchner DA, et al. Adverse drug reactions associated with global cognitive impairment in elderly persons. Ann Intern Med 1987; 107: 169-73
    • (1987) Ann Intern Med , vol.107 , pp. 169-173
    • Larson, E.B.1    Kukull, W.A.2    Buchner, D.A.3
  • 18
    • 0023093943 scopus 로고
    • Psychotropic drug use and the risk of hip fracture
    • Ray W, Griffin M, Schaffner W, et al. Psychotropic drug use and the risk of hip fracture. N Engl J Med 1987; 316: 363-9
    • (1987) N Engl J Med , vol.316 , pp. 363-369
    • Ray, W.1    Griffin, M.2    Schaffner, W.3
  • 19
    • 0018100104 scopus 로고
    • Toxicity of nitrazepam in the elderly: A report from the Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program
    • Greenblatt DJ, Allen MD. Toxicity of nitrazepam in the elderly: a report from the Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1978; 5: 407-13
    • (1978) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.5 , pp. 407-413
    • Greenblatt, D.J.1    Allen, M.D.2
  • 21
    • 0345229609 scopus 로고
    • Benzodiazepine kinetics contribute to their differential abuse
    • Busto UE, Lanctot KL, Bremner KE, et al. Benzodiazepine kinetics contribute to their differential abuse. Can J Clin Pharmacol 1995; 2 (1): 23-28
    • (1995) Can J Clin Pharmacol , vol.2 , Issue.1 , pp. 23-28
    • Busto, U.E.1    Lanctot, K.L.2    Bremner, K.E.3
  • 22
    • 0024380512 scopus 로고
    • Dose response relationships in drug dependence in humans
    • Lasagna L, Erill S, Naranjo CA, editors. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science Publishers Biomedical Division
    • Naranjo CA, Busto UE. Dose response relationships in drug dependence in humans. In: Lasagna L, Erill S, Naranjo CA, editors. Dose-response relationships in clinical pharmacology. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science Publishers Biomedical Division, 1989: 79-92
    • (1989) Dose-response Relationships in Clinical Pharmacology , pp. 79-92
    • Naranjo, C.A.1    Busto, U.E.2
  • 23
    • 0024854201 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic drug interactions: Implications for abuse liability testing
    • Fishman MW, Mello NK, editors. NIDA Res Monogr
    • Sellers EM, Busto U, Kaplan HL. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic drug interactions: implications for abuse liability testing. In: Fishman MW, Mello NK, editors. Testing for abuse liability of drugs. NIDA Res Monogr 1989; 92: 287-306
    • (1989) Testing for Abuse Liability of Drugs , vol.92 , pp. 287-306
    • Sellers, E.M.1    Busto, U.2    Kaplan, H.L.3
  • 24
    • 0022633359 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetic determinants of drug abuse and dependence: A conceptual perspective
    • Busto U, Sellers EM. Pharmacokinetic determinants of drug abuse and dependence: a conceptual perspective. Clin Pharmacokinet 1986; 11: 144-53
    • (1986) Clin Pharmacokinet , vol.11 , pp. 144-153
    • Busto, U.1    Sellers, E.M.2
  • 25
    • 0029091638 scopus 로고
    • Alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenase polymorphisms and the risk for alcoholism
    • Higuchi S, Matsushita S, Murayaina M, et al. Alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenase polymorphisms and the risk for alcoholism. Am J Psychiatry 1995; 152: 1219-21
    • (1995) Am J Psychiatry , vol.152 , pp. 1219-1221
    • Higuchi, S.1    Matsushita, S.2    Murayaina, M.3
  • 26
    • 0028832177 scopus 로고
    • Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases and interactions of psychotropic drugs: A five-year update
    • Shen WW. Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases and interactions of psychotropic drugs: a five-year update. Int J Psychiatry Med 1995; 25 (3): 277-90
    • (1995) Int J Psychiatry Med , vol.25 , Issue.3 , pp. 277-290
    • Shen, W.W.1
  • 27
    • 0029125984 scopus 로고
    • Metabolism of drugs by cytochrome P450 3A isoforms: Implications for drug interactions in psychopharmacology
    • Von Moltke LL, Greenblatt DJ, Schmider J, et al. Metabolism of drugs by cytochrome P450 3A isoforms: implications for drug interactions in psychopharmacology. Clin Pharmacokinet 1995; 29 Suppl. 1: 33-44
    • (1995) Clin Pharmacokinet , vol.29 , Issue.1 SUPPL. , pp. 33-44
    • Von Moltke, L.L.1    Greenblatt, D.J.2    Schmider, J.3
  • 28
    • 0027724292 scopus 로고
    • Triazolam in cirrhosis: Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics
    • Robin DW, Lee M, Hasan SS, et al. Triazolam in cirrhosis: pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1993; 54: 630-7
    • (1993) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.54 , pp. 630-637
    • Robin, D.W.1    Lee, M.2    Hasan, S.S.3
  • 29
    • 0026496950 scopus 로고
    • The role of individual human cytochromes P450 in drug metabolism and clinical response
    • Cholerton S, Daly AK, Idle JR. The role of individual human cytochromes P450 in drug metabolism and clinical response. Trends Pharmacol Sci 1992; 13: 434-9
    • (1992) Trends Pharmacol Sci , vol.13 , pp. 434-439
    • Cholerton, S.1    Daly, A.K.2    Idle, J.R.3
  • 30
    • 0026681168 scopus 로고
    • P450 enzymes: Inhibition mechanisms, genetic regulation and effects of liver disease
    • Murray M. P450 enzymes: Inhibition mechanisms, genetic regulation and effects of liver disease. Clin Pharmacokinet 1992; 23: 132-46
    • (1992) Clin Pharmacokinet , vol.23 , pp. 132-146
    • Murray, M.1
  • 32
    • 0024603310 scopus 로고
    • Aging and determinants of hepatic drug clearance
    • Vestal RE. Aging and determinants of hepatic drug clearance. Hepatology 1989; 9: 331-4
    • (1989) Hepatology , vol.9 , pp. 331-334
    • Vestal, R.E.1
  • 33
    • 0023492782 scopus 로고
    • Drug metabolism in extrahepatic diseases
    • Farrell GC. Drug metabolism in extrahepatic diseases. Pharmacol Ther 1987; 35: 375-404
    • (1987) Pharmacol Ther , vol.35 , pp. 375-404
    • Farrell, G.C.1
  • 34
    • 0019522919 scopus 로고
    • Human liver aldehyde dehydrogenase in Chinese and Asiatic Indians: Gene detection and the possible implication in alcohol metabolism
    • Teng YS. Human liver aldehyde dehydrogenase in Chinese and Asiatic Indians: gene detection and the possible implication in alcohol metabolism. Biochem Genet 1981; 19: 107-13
    • (1981) Biochem Genet , vol.19 , pp. 107-113
    • Teng, Y.S.1
  • 36
    • 0027213217 scopus 로고
    • Use of benzodiazepines in anxiety disorders
    • Shader RI, Greenblatt DJ. Use of benzodiazepines in anxiety disorders. N Engl J Med 1993; 328: 1398-405
    • (1993) N Engl J Med , vol.328 , pp. 1398-1405
    • Shader, R.I.1    Greenblatt, D.J.2
  • 38
    • 0017740102 scopus 로고
    • Tolerance and dependence after chronic administration of clonidine to the rat
    • Meyer DR, El-Azhary R, Bierer DWS, et al. Tolerance and dependence after chronic administration of clonidine to the rat. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 1977; 7: 227-31
    • (1977) Pharmacol Biochem Behav , vol.7 , pp. 227-231
    • Meyer, D.R.1    El-Azhary, R.2    Bierer, D.W.S.3
  • 39
    • 0016796611 scopus 로고
    • Barbiturate-reinforced responding in rhesus monkeys: Comparison of drugs with different durations of actions
    • Winger GD, Stitzer M, Woods JH. Barbiturate-reinforced responding in rhesus monkeys: comparison of drugs with different durations of actions. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1975; 195: 505-14
    • (1975) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.195 , pp. 505-514
    • Winger, G.D.1    Stitzer, M.2    Woods, J.H.3
  • 40
    • 0025830898 scopus 로고
    • Clinical pharmacokinetics of anxiolytics and hypnotics in the elderly: Therapeutic considerations (Pt I)
    • Greenblatt DJ, Harmatz JS, Shader RI. Clinical pharmacokinetics of anxiolytics and hypnotics in the elderly: therapeutic considerations (Pt I). Clin Pharmacokinet 1991; 21: 165-77
    • (1991) Clin Pharmacokinet , vol.21 , pp. 165-177
    • Greenblatt, D.J.1    Harmatz, J.S.2    Shader, R.I.3
  • 41
    • 0026075902 scopus 로고
    • Clinical pharmacokinetics of anxiolytics and hypnotics in the elderly: Therapeutic considerations (Pt II)
    • Greenblatt DJ, Harmatz JS, Shader RI. Clinical pharmacokinetics of anxiolytics and hypnotics in the elderly: therapeutic considerations (Pt II). Clin Pharmacokinet 1991; 21: 262-273
    • (1991) Clin Pharmacokinet , vol.21 , pp. 262-273
    • Greenblatt, D.J.1    Harmatz, J.S.2    Shader, R.I.3
  • 42
    • 0024435591 scopus 로고
    • The effect of ageing on the pharmacokinetics of dihydrocodeine
    • Davies KN, Castleden CM, McBurney A, et al. The effect of ageing on the pharmacokinetics of dihydrocodeine. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1989; 37: 375-9
    • (1989) Eur J Clin Pharmacol , vol.37 , pp. 375-379
    • Davies, K.N.1    Castleden, C.M.2    McBurney, A.3
  • 44
    • 0029120874 scopus 로고
    • Ethanol metabolism and aging: The role of 'first pass metabolism' and gastric alcohol dehydrogenase activity
    • Pozzato G, Moretti M, Franzin F, et al. Ethanol metabolism and aging: the role of 'first pass metabolism' and gastric alcohol dehydrogenase activity. J Gerontol 1995; 50A (3): B135-41
    • (1995) J Gerontol , vol.50 A , Issue.3
    • Pozzato, G.1    Moretti, M.2    Franzin, F.3
  • 46
    • 0024761885 scopus 로고
    • Benzodiazepine use and abuse in Canada
    • Busto U, Lanctot KL, Isaac P, et al. Benzodiazepine use and abuse in Canada. Can Med Assoc J 1989; 141: 917-21
    • (1989) Can Med Assoc J , vol.141 , pp. 917-921
    • Busto, U.1    Lanctot, K.L.2    Isaac, P.3
  • 47
    • 0025909542 scopus 로고
    • The ambiguous relation between aging and adverse drug reactions
    • Gurwitz JH, Avorn J. The ambiguous relation between aging and adverse drug reactions. Ann Intern Med 1991; 114: 956-966
    • (1991) Ann Intern Med , vol.114 , pp. 956-966
    • Gurwitz, J.H.1    Avorn, J.2
  • 48
    • 0024398368 scopus 로고
    • Implications of altered drug disposition in the elderly: Studies of benzodiazepines
    • Greenblatt DJ, Shader RI, Harmatz JS. Implications of altered drug disposition in the elderly: studies of benzodiazepines. J Clin Pharmacol 1989; 29: 866-72
    • (1989) J Clin Pharmacol , vol.29 , pp. 866-872
    • Greenblatt, D.J.1    Shader, R.I.2    Harmatz, J.S.3
  • 49
    • 0023836571 scopus 로고
    • Health of long term benzodiazepine users
    • Rodrigo EK, King MB, Williams P. Health of long term benzodiazepine users. BMJ 1988; 296: 603-6
    • (1988) BMJ , vol.296 , pp. 603-606
    • Rodrigo, E.K.1    King, M.B.2    Williams, P.3
  • 52
    • 0029894677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disposition and first-pass metabolism of ethanol in humans: Is it gastric or hepatic and does it depend on gender?
    • Ammon E, Schafer C, Hofmann U, et al. Disposition and first-pass metabolism of ethanol in humans: is it gastric or hepatic and does it depend on gender? Clin Pharmacol Ther 1996; 59: 503-13
    • (1996) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.59 , pp. 503-513
    • Ammon, E.1    Schafer, C.2    Hofmann, U.3
  • 53
    • 0015849146 scopus 로고
    • Intrasubject variation in elimination half-lives of drugs which are appreciably metabolized
    • Wagner JG. Intrasubject variation in elimination half-lives of drugs which are appreciably metabolized. J Pharmacokinet Biopharm 1973; 1: 165-73
    • (1973) J Pharmacokinet Biopharm , vol.1 , pp. 165-173
    • Wagner, J.G.1
  • 55
    • 0023760328 scopus 로고
    • Frequency of the atypical aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 gene (ALDH2) in Japanese and Caucasians
    • Shibuya A, Yoshida A. Frequency of the atypical aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 gene (ALDH2) in Japanese and Caucasians. Am J Hum Genet 1988; 43: 741-3
    • (1988) Am J Hum Genet , vol.43 , pp. 741-743
    • Shibuya, A.1    Yoshida, A.2
  • 56
    • 0344934175 scopus 로고
    • Aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitors as alcohol-sensitizing drugs: A pharmacological perspective
    • Brien JF, Loomis CW. Aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitors as alcohol-sensitizing drugs: a pharmacological perspective. Trends Pharmacol Sci 1985; 6: 478-80
    • (1985) Trends Pharmacol Sci , vol.6 , pp. 478-480
    • Brien, J.F.1    Loomis, C.W.2
  • 57
    • 0025852722 scopus 로고
    • Alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenase genotypes and alcoholism in Chinese men
    • Thomasson HR, Edenberg HJ, Crabb DW, et al. Alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenase genotypes and alcoholism in Chinese men. Am J Hum Genet 1991; 48: 677-81
    • (1991) Am J Hum Genet , vol.48 , pp. 677-681
    • Thomasson, H.R.1    Edenberg, H.J.2    Crabb, D.W.3
  • 58
    • 0028003869 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of long-term benzodiazepine users in three settings
    • Hawley CJ, Tattersall M, Dellaportas C, et al. Comparison of long-term benzodiazepine users in three settings. Br J Psychiatry 1994; 165: 792-6
    • (1994) Br J Psychiatry , vol.165 , pp. 792-796
    • Hawley, C.J.1    Tattersall, M.2    Dellaportas, C.3
  • 59
    • 0021256584 scopus 로고
    • A cross-national comparison of anti-anxiety/sedative drug use
    • Balter MB, Manheimer DI, Mellinger GD, et al. A cross-national comparison of anti-anxiety/sedative drug use. Curr Med Res Opin 1984; 8 Suppl. 4: 5-20
    • (1984) Curr Med Res Opin , vol.8 , Issue.4 SUPPL. , pp. 5-20
    • Balter, M.B.1    Manheimer, D.I.2    Mellinger, G.D.3
  • 60
    • 0025352882 scopus 로고
    • Kinetic and dynamic components of increased benzodiazepine sensitivity in aging animals
    • Barnhill JG, Greenblatt DJ, Miller LG, et al. Kinetic and dynamic components of increased benzodiazepine sensitivity in aging animals. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1990; 253: 1153-61
    • (1990) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.253 , pp. 1153-1161
    • Barnhill, J.G.1    Greenblatt, D.J.2    Miller, L.G.3
  • 61
    • 0021147864 scopus 로고
    • Diazepam tolerance: Effect of age. regular sedation, and alcohol
    • Cook PJ, Flanagan R, James IM. Diazepam tolerance: effect of age. regular sedation, and alcohol. BMJ 1984; 289: 351-3
    • (1984) BMJ , vol.289 , pp. 351-353
    • Cook, P.J.1    Flanagan, R.2    James, I.M.3
  • 62
    • 0021933045 scopus 로고
    • Responsiveness to oral diazepam in the elderly: Relationship to total and free plasma concentrations
    • Swift CG, Ewen JM, Clarke P, et al. Responsiveness to oral diazepam in the elderly: relationship to total and free plasma concentrations. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1985; 20: 111-8
    • (1985) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.20 , pp. 111-118
    • Swift, C.G.1    Ewen, J.M.2    Clarke, P.3
  • 64
    • 0026410185 scopus 로고
    • Abuse liability assessment of anxiolytics/hypnotics: Rationale and laboratory core
    • Evans SM, Critchfield TS, Griffiths RR. Abuse liability assessment of anxiolytics/hypnotics: rationale and laboratory core. Br J Addict 1991; 86: 1625-32
    • (1991) Br J Addict , vol.86 , pp. 1625-1632
    • Evans, S.M.1    Critchfield, T.S.2    Griffiths, R.R.3
  • 65
    • 0026410805 scopus 로고
    • Utility of subjective-effects measurements in assessing abuse liability of drugs in humans
    • Fischman MW, Foltin RW. Utility of subjective-effects measurements in assessing abuse liability of drugs in humans. Br J Addict 1991; 86: 1563-70
    • (1991) Br J Addict , vol.86 , pp. 1563-1570
    • Fischman, M.W.1    Foltin, R.W.2
  • 67
    • 0019130292 scopus 로고
    • Drug preference and mood in humans: Diazepam
    • Johanson CE, Uhlenhuth EH. Drug preference and mood in humans: diazepam. Psychopharmacology 1980; 71: 269-73
    • (1980) Psychopharmacology , vol.71 , pp. 269-273
    • Johanson, C.E.1    Uhlenhuth, E.H.2
  • 70
    • 0022524929 scopus 로고
    • Lack of preference for diazepam in anxious volunteers
    • De Wit H, Uhlenhuth EH, Hedeker D. Lack of preference for diazepam in anxious volunteers. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1986; 43: 533-41
    • (1986) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.43 , pp. 533-541
    • De Wit, H.1    Uhlenhuth, E.H.2    Hedeker, D.3
  • 71
    • 0018407165 scopus 로고
    • Human drug self-administration: Double-blind comparison of pentobarbital, diazepam, chlorpromazine and placebo
    • Griffiths RR, Bigelow G, Liebson I. Human drug self-administration: double-blind comparison of pentobarbital, diazepam, chlorpromazine and placebo. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1979; 210: 301-10
    • (1979) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.210 , pp. 301-310
    • Griffiths, R.R.1    Bigelow, G.2    Liebson, I.3
  • 72
    • 0019126543 scopus 로고
    • Drug preference in humans: Double-blind comparison of pentobarbital. diazepam, and placebo
    • Griffiths RR, Bigelow GE, Liebson I, et al. Drug preference in humans: double-blind comparison of pentobarbital. diazepam, and placebo. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1980; 215: 649-61
    • (1980) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.215 , pp. 649-661
    • Griffiths, R.R.1    Bigelow, G.E.2    Liebson, I.3
  • 73
    • 0021348225 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of diazepam and oxazepam: Preference, liking and extent of abuse
    • Griffiths RR, McLeod DR, Bigelow GE, et al. Comparison of diazepam and oxazepam: preference, liking and extent of abuse. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1984; 229: 501-8
    • (1984) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.229 , pp. 501-508
    • Griffiths, R.R.1    McLeod, D.R.2    Bigelow, G.E.3
  • 74
    • 0026683081 scopus 로고
    • Debrisoquine hydroxylation phenotyping in geriatric psychopharmacology
    • Pollock BG, Perel JM, Altieri LP, et al. Debrisoquine hydroxylation phenotyping in geriatric psychopharmacology. Psychopharmacol Bull 1992; 28: 163-8
    • (1992) Psychopharmacol Bull , vol.28 , pp. 163-168
    • Pollock, B.G.1    Perel, J.M.2    Altieri, L.P.3
  • 75
    • 0025009831 scopus 로고
    • Effects of age and gender on in vitro properties of human liver microsomal monooxygenases
    • Schmucker DL, Woodhouse KW, Wang RK, et al. Effects of age and gender on in vitro properties of human liver microsomal monooxygenases. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1990; 48: 365-74
    • (1990) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.48 , pp. 365-374
    • Schmucker, D.L.1    Woodhouse, K.W.2    Wang, R.K.3
  • 76
    • 0024241308 scopus 로고
    • The effect of age upon the affinity of microsomal monooxygenase enzymes for substrate in human liver
    • Wynne HA, Mutch E, James OFW, et al. The effect of age upon the affinity of microsomal monooxygenase enzymes for substrate in human liver. Age Ageing 1988; 17: 401-5
    • (1988) Age Ageing , vol.17 , pp. 401-405
    • Wynne, H.A.1    Mutch, E.2    James, O.F.W.3
  • 77
    • 0022197022 scopus 로고
    • Aging and drug disposition: An update
    • Schmucker DL. Aging and drug disposition: an update. Pharmacol Rev 1985; 37: 133-48
    • (1985) Pharmacol Rev , vol.37 , pp. 133-148
    • Schmucker, D.L.1
  • 78
    • 0021705685 scopus 로고
    • The effect of age on pathways of drug metabolism in human liver
    • Woodhouse KW, Mutch E, Williams FM, et al. The effect of age on pathways of drug metabolism in human liver. Age Ageing 1984; 13: 328-34
    • (1984) Age Ageing , vol.13 , pp. 328-334
    • Woodhouse, K.W.1    Mutch, E.2    Williams, F.M.3
  • 79
    • 0029976064 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Newer antidepressants and the cytochrome P450 system
    • Nemeroff CB, De Vane CL, Pollock BG. Newer antidepressants and the cytochrome P450 system. Am J Psychiatry 1996; 153 (3): 311-20
    • (1996) Am J Psychiatry , vol.153 , Issue.3 , pp. 311-320
    • Nemeroff, C.B.1    De Vane, C.L.2    Pollock, B.G.3
  • 80
    • 0028898044 scopus 로고
    • Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and theophylline metabolism in human liver microsomes: Potent inhibition by fluvoxamine
    • Rasmussen BB, Maenpaa J, Pelkonen O, et al. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and theophylline metabolism in human liver microsomes: potent inhibition by fluvoxamine. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1995; 39 (2): 151-9
    • (1995) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.39 , Issue.2 , pp. 151-159
    • Rasmussen, B.B.1    Maenpaa, J.2    Pelkonen, O.3
  • 81
    • 0028898816 scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of alprazolam and desipramine hydroxylation in vitro by paroxetine and fluvoxamine: Comparison with other selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressants
    • von Moltke LL, Greenblatt DJ, Court MH, et al. Inhibition of alprazolam and desipramine hydroxylation in vitro by paroxetine and fluvoxamine: comparison with other selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressants. J Clin Psychopharmacol 1995; 15: 125-31
    • (1995) J Clin Psychopharmacol , vol.15 , pp. 125-131
    • Von Moltke, L.L.1    Greenblatt, D.J.2    Court, M.H.3
  • 82
    • 0028091180 scopus 로고
    • A pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic evaluation of the combined administration of alprazolam and fluvoxamine
    • Fleishaker JC, Hulst LK. A pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic evaluation of the combined administration of alprazolam and fluvoxamine. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1994; 46: 35-9
    • (1994) Eur J Clin Pharmacol , vol.46 , pp. 35-39
    • Fleishaker, J.C.1    Hulst, L.K.2
  • 83
    • 0028568243 scopus 로고
    • Midazolam should he avoided in patients receiving the systemic antimyeotics ketoconazole or itraconazole
    • Olkkola KT, Backman JT, Neuvonen PJ. Midazolam should he avoided in patients receiving the systemic antimyeotics ketoconazole or itraconazole. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1994; 56: 601-7
    • (1994) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.56 , pp. 601-607
    • Olkkola, K.T.1    Backman, J.T.2    Neuvonen, P.J.3
  • 84
    • 0028568243 scopus 로고
    • Oral triazolam is potentially hazardous to patients receiving systemic antimycotics ketoconazole or itraconazole
    • Varhe A, Olkkola KT, Neuvonen PJ. Oral triazolam is potentially hazardous to patients receiving systemic antimycotics ketoconazole or itraconazole. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1994; 56: 601-7
    • (1994) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.56 , pp. 601-607
    • Varhe, A.1    Olkkola, K.T.2    Neuvonen, P.J.3
  • 85
    • 0028279667 scopus 로고
    • Inhibitors of alprazolam metabolism in vitro: Effect of serotonin-reuptake-inhibitor antidepressants, ketoconazole and quinidine
    • von Moltke LL, Greenblatt DJ, Cotreau-Bibbo MM, et al. Inhibitors of alprazolam metabolism in vitro: effect of serotonin-reuptake-inhibitor antidepressants, ketoconazole and quinidine. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1994; 38: 23-31
    • (1994) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.38 , pp. 23-31
    • Von Moltke, L.L.1    Greenblatt, D.J.2    Cotreau-Bibbo, M.M.3
  • 86
    • 0027167470 scopus 로고
    • Inhibition by paroxetine of desipramine metabolism in extensive but not in poor metabolizers of sparteine
    • Brosen K, Hansen JG, Nielsen KK, et al. Inhibition by paroxetine of desipramine metabolism in extensive but not in poor metabolizers of sparteine. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1993; 44: 349-55
    • (1993) Eur J Clin Pharmacol , vol.44 , pp. 349-355
    • Brosen, K.1    Hansen, J.G.2    Nielsen, K.K.3
  • 87
    • 0027440142 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetic drug interactions with antimicrobial agents
    • Gillum JG, Israel DS, Polk RE. Pharmacokinetic drug interactions with antimicrobial agents. Clin Pharmacokinet 1993; 25: 450-82
    • (1993) Clin Pharmacokinet , vol.25 , pp. 450-482
    • Gillum, J.G.1    Israel, D.S.2    Polk, R.E.3
  • 88
    • 0027456438 scopus 로고
    • Inhibition by fluoxetine of cytochrome P450 2D6 activity
    • Otton VS, Dafang W, Russell TJ, et al. Inhibition by fluoxetine of cytochrome P450 2D6 activity. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1993; 53: 401-9
    • (1993) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.53 , pp. 401-409
    • Otton, V.S.1    Dafang, W.2    Russell, T.J.3
  • 89
    • 0026787192 scopus 로고
    • The effect of selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors on cytochrome P4502D6 (CYP2D6) activity in human liver microsomes
    • Crewe HK, Lennard MS, Tucker GT, et al. The effect of selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors on cytochrome P4502D6 (CYP2D6) activity in human liver microsomes. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1992; 34: 262-5
    • (1992) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.34 , pp. 262-265
    • Crewe, H.K.1    Lennard, M.S.2    Tucker, G.T.3
  • 90
    • 0026451267 scopus 로고
    • Fluoxetine impairs clearance of alprazolam but not of clonazepam
    • Greenblatt DJ, Preskorn SH, Cotreau MM, et al. Fluoxetine impairs clearance of alprazolam but not of clonazepam. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1992; 52: 470-86
    • (1992) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.52 , pp. 470-486
    • Greenblatt, D.J.1    Preskorn, S.H.2    Cotreau, M.M.3
  • 91
    • 0025760457 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetic pharmacodynamic evaluation of the combined administration of alprazolam and fluoxetine
    • Lasher TA, Fleishaker JC, Steenwyk RC, et al. Pharmacokinetic pharmacodynamic evaluation of the combined administration of alprazolam and fluoxetine. Psychopharmacology 1991; 104: 323-7
    • (1991) Psychopharmacology , vol.104 , pp. 323-327
    • Lasher, T.A.1    Fleishaker, J.C.2    Steenwyk, R.C.3
  • 92
    • 0024373348 scopus 로고
    • Oxidation of midazolam and triazalom by human liver cytochrome P450III A4
    • Kronbach T, Mathys D, Umeno M, et al. Oxidation of midazolam and triazalom by human liver cytochrome P450III A4. Mol Pharmacol 1989; 36: 89-96
    • (1989) Mol Pharmacol , vol.36 , pp. 89-96
    • Kronbach, T.1    Mathys, D.2    Umeno, M.3
  • 93
    • 0024580554 scopus 로고
    • Importance of genetic factors in the regulation of diazepam metabolism: Relationship to S-mephenytoin but not debrisoquine hydroxylation phenotype
    • Bertilsson L, Henthorn TK, Sanz E, et al. Importance of genetic factors in the regulation of diazepam metabolism: relationship to S-mephenytoin but not debrisoquine hydroxylation phenotype. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1989; 45: 348-55
    • (1989) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.45 , pp. 348-355
    • Bertilsson, L.1    Henthorn, T.K.2    Sanz, E.3
  • 94
    • 0028237729 scopus 로고
    • Interindividual variations in human liver cytochrome P-450 enzymes involved in the oxidation of drugs, carcinogens and toxic chemicals: Studies with liver microsomes of 30 Japanese and 30 Caucasians
    • Shimada T, Yamazaki H, Mimura M, et al. Interindividual variations in human liver cytochrome P-450 enzymes involved in the oxidation of drugs, carcinogens and toxic chemicals: studies with liver microsomes of 30 Japanese and 30 Caucasians. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1994; 270: 414-23
    • (1994) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.270 , pp. 414-423
    • Shimada, T.1    Yamazaki, H.2    Mimura, M.3
  • 95
    • 0026506140 scopus 로고
    • Pronounced differences between native Chinese and Swedish populations in the polymorphic hydroxylations of debrisoquine and S-mephenytoin
    • Bertilsson L, Lou YQ, Du YL, et al. Pronounced differences between native Chinese and Swedish populations in the polymorphic hydroxylations of debrisoquine and S-mephenytoin. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1942; 51: 388-47
    • (1942) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.51 , pp. 388-447
    • Bertilsson, L.1    Lou, Y.Q.2    Du, Y.L.3
  • 96
    • 0022220338 scopus 로고
    • Genetic polymorphism of mephenytoin p (4′)-hydroxylation: Difference between Orientals and Caucasians
    • Jurima M, Inaba T, Kadar D, et al. Genetic polymorphism of mephenytoin p (4′)-hydroxylation: difference between Orientals and Caucasians. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1985; 19: 483-7
    • (1985) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.19 , pp. 483-487
    • Jurima, M.1    Inaba, T.2    Kadar, D.3
  • 97
    • 0022178173 scopus 로고
    • Interethnic differences in genetic polymorphism of debrisoquin and mephenytoin hydroxylation between Japanese and Caucasian populations
    • Nakamura K, Goto F, Ray WA, et al. Interethnic differences in genetic polymorphism of debrisoquin and mephenytoin hydroxylation between Japanese and Caucasian populations. Clin Pharmacol 1985; 38: 402-8
    • (1985) Clin Pharmacol , vol.38 , pp. 402-408
    • Nakamura, K.1    Goto, F.2    Ray, W.A.3
  • 98
    • 10344255850 scopus 로고
    • Induction of theophylline metabolism by phenytoin is unaltered by aging
    • Crowley JJ, Cusack BJ, Jue SG, et al. Induction of theophylline metabolism by phenytoin is unaltered by aging. Clin Res 1986; 34: 396A
    • (1986) Clin Res , vol.34
    • Crowley, J.J.1    Cusack, B.J.2    Jue, S.G.3
  • 99
    • 0021166048 scopus 로고
    • Impaired enzyme induction by rifampicin in the elderly
    • Twum-Barima Y, Finnigan T, Habush Al, et al. Impaired enzyme induction by rifampicin in the elderly. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1984; 17: 595-6
    • (1984) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.17 , pp. 595-596
    • Twum-Barima, Y.1    Finnigan, T.2    Al, H.3
  • 100
    • 0018831881 scopus 로고
    • Theophylline kinetics in relation to age: The importance of smoking
    • Cusack BJ, Kelly JG, Lavan J, et al. Theophylline kinetics in relation to age: The importance of smoking. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1980; 10: 109-14
    • (1980) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.10 , pp. 109-114
    • Cusack, B.J.1    Kelly, J.G.2    Lavan, J.3
  • 101
    • 0018869877 scopus 로고
    • The effects of age and smoking upon antipyrine metabolism
    • Mucklow JC, Fraser HS. The effects of age and smoking upon antipyrine metabolism. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1980; 9: 63-4
    • (1980) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.9 , pp. 63-64
    • Mucklow, J.C.1    Fraser, H.S.2
  • 102
    • 0017968392 scopus 로고
    • Reduced induction of drug metabolism in the elderly
    • Salem SAM, Rajjayabun P, Shepherd AMM, et al. Reduced induction of drug metabolism in the elderly. Age Ageing 1978; 7: 68-73
    • (1978) Age Ageing , vol.7 , pp. 68-73
    • Salem, S.A.M.1    Rajjayabun, P.2    Shepherd, A.M.M.3
  • 103
    • 0016796602 scopus 로고
    • Antipyrine metabolism in man: Influence of age, alcohol, caffeine and smoking
    • Vestal RE, Norris AH, Tobin JD, et al. Antipyrine metabolism in man: influence of age, alcohol, caffeine and smoking, Clin Pharmacol Ther 1975; 18: 425-32
    • (1975) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.18 , pp. 425-432
    • Vestal, R.E.1    Norris, A.H.2    Tobin, J.D.3
  • 104
    • 0026409625 scopus 로고
    • Human drug abuse liability assessment: Opioids and analgesics
    • Bigelow GE. Human drug abuse liability assessment: opioids and analgesics. Br J Addict 1991; 86: 1615-28
    • (1991) Br J Addict , vol.86 , pp. 1615-1628
    • Bigelow, G.E.1
  • 106
    • 0024306112 scopus 로고
    • Codeine O-demethylation co-segregates with polymorphic debrisoquine hydroxylation
    • Yue QY, Svensson JO, Alm C, et al. Codeine O-demethylation co-segregates with polymorphic debrisoquine hydroxylation. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1989; 28: 639-45
    • (1989) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.28 , pp. 639-645
    • Yue, Q.Y.1    Svensson, J.O.2    Alm, C.3
  • 107
    • 0023795013 scopus 로고
    • Polymorphic O-demethylation of codeine
    • Chen ZR, Somogyi AA, Bochner F. Polymorphic O-demethylation of codeine. Lancet 1988; 2: 914-5
    • (1988) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 914-915
    • Chen, Z.R.1    Somogyi, A.A.2    Bochner, F.3
  • 108
    • 0023931696 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of codeine in end-stage renal disease
    • Guay DRP, Awni WM, Findlay JWA, et al. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of codeine in end-stage renal disease. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1988; 43: 63-71
    • (1988) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.43 , pp. 63-71
    • Guay, D.R.P.1    Awni, W.M.2    Findlay, J.W.A.3
  • 109
    • 0025898644 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics of codeine and its metabolites in Caucasian healthy volunteers: Comparisons between extensive and poor hydroxylators of debrisoquine
    • Yue QY, Hassclström J, Svensson JO, et al. Pharmacokinetics of codeine and its metabolites in Caucasian healthy volunteers: comparisons between extensive and poor hydroxylators of debrisoquine. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1991; 31: 635-42
    • (1991) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.31 , pp. 635-642
    • Yue, Q.Y.1    Hassclström, J.2    Svensson, J.O.3
  • 110
    • 0024369341 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacological characterization of morphine-6β-glucuronide, a very potent morphine metabolite
    • Paul D, Standifer KM, Inturrisi CE, et al. Pharmacological characterization of morphine-6β-glucuronide, a very potent morphine metabolite. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1989; 251: 477-83
    • (1989) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.251 , pp. 477-483
    • Paul, D.1    Standifer, K.M.2    Inturrisi, C.E.3
  • 111
    • 0022467935 scopus 로고
    • Plasma concentrations of codeine and its metabolite, morphine, after single and repeated oral administration
    • Quiding H, Anderson P, Bondesson U, et al. Plasma concentrations of codeine and its metabolite, morphine, after single and repeated oral administration. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1986; 30: 673-7
    • (1986) Eur J Clin Pharmacol , vol.30 , pp. 673-677
    • Quiding, H.1    Anderson, P.2    Bondesson, U.3
  • 112
    • 0001197260 scopus 로고
    • Contributo sperimentale all'ipotesi della smetilazione della codeina nell'organismo: I. Influenze della dose sull'assuefazione alla codeina. II. Assuefazione alla codeina attenuta con somministrazione prolungata di morfina
    • Sanfilippo G. Contributo sperimentale all'ipotesi della smetilazione della codeina nell'organismo: I. Influenze della dose sull'assuefazione alla codeina. II. Assuefazione alla codeina attenuta con somministrazione prolungata di morfina. Boll Soc Ital Biol Sper 1948; 24: 723-6
    • (1948) Boll Soc Ital Biol Sper , vol.24 , pp. 723-726
    • Sanfilippo, G.1
  • 113
    • 0028923152 scopus 로고
    • Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) with codeine for postoperative pain relief in ten extensive metabolisers and one poor metaboliser of dextromethorphan
    • Persson K, Sjöstrom S, Sigurdardottir I, et al. Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) with codeine for postoperative pain relief in ten extensive metabolisers and one poor metaboliser of dextromethorphan. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1995; 39: 182-6
    • (1995) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.39 , pp. 182-186
    • Persson, K.1    Sjöstrom, S.2    Sigurdardottir, I.3
  • 114
    • 0025868355 scopus 로고
    • Impact of environmental and genetic factors on codeine analgesia
    • Desmeules J, Gascon MP, Dayer P, et al. Impact of environmental and genetic factors on codeine analgesia. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1991; 41: 23-6
    • (1991) Eur J Clin Pharmacol , vol.41 , pp. 23-26
    • Desmeules, J.1    Gascon, M.P.2    Dayer, P.3
  • 115
    • 0025830147 scopus 로고
    • μ-opioid receptor binding affinity of some opiates and their metabolites
    • Irvine RJ, Chen ZR, Somogyi AA, et al. μ-opioid receptor binding affinity of some opiates and their metabolites. Life Sci 1991; 48: 2165-71
    • (1991) Life Sci , vol.48 , pp. 2165-2171
    • Irvine, R.J.1    Chen, Z.R.2    Somogyi, A.A.3
  • 116
    • 0025649038 scopus 로고
    • Codeine increases pain thresholds to copper vapor laser stimuli in extensive but not poor metabolizers of sparteine
    • Sindrup SH, Brosen K, Bjerring P, et al. Codeine increases pain thresholds to copper vapor laser stimuli in extensive but not poor metabolizers of sparteine. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1991; 49: 686-93
    • (1991) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.49 , pp. 686-693
    • Sindrup, S.H.1    Brosen, K.2    Bjerring, P.3
  • 117
    • 0025149050 scopus 로고
    • Plasma codeine and morphine concentrations alter a single oral dose of codeine phosphate
    • Shah JC, Mason WD. Plasma codeine and morphine concentrations alter a single oral dose of codeine phosphate. J Clin Pharmacol 1990; 30: 764-6
    • (1990) J Clin Pharmacol , vol.30 , pp. 764-766
    • Shah, J.C.1    Mason, W.D.2
  • 118
    • 0023508821 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics of codeine after single- and multiple-oral-dose administration to normal volunteers
    • Guay DRP, Awni WM, Halstenson CE, et al. Pharmacokinetics of codeine after single- and multiple-oral-dose administration to normal volunteers. J Clin Pharmacol 1987; 27: 983-7
    • (1987) J Clin Pharmacol , vol.27 , pp. 983-987
    • Guay, D.R.P.1    Awni, W.M.2    Halstenson, C.E.3
  • 119
    • 0020328806 scopus 로고
    • Patient-controlled analgesic therapy (Pt IV): Pharmacokinetics and analgesic plasma concentrations of morphine
    • Dahlstrom B, Tamsen A, Paalzow L, et al. Patient-controlled analgesic therapy (Pt IV): pharmacokinetics and analgesic plasma concentrations of morphine. Clin Pharmacokinet 1982; 7: 266-79
    • (1982) Clin Pharmacokinet , vol.7 , pp. 266-279
    • Dahlstrom, B.1    Tamsen, A.2    Paalzow, L.3
  • 120
    • 0021351709 scopus 로고
    • Analgesic efficacy after single and repeated doses of codeine and acetaminophen
    • Quiding H, Oikarinen V, Sane J, et al. Analgesic efficacy after single and repeated doses of codeine and acetaminophen. J Clin Pharmacol 1984; 24: 27-34
    • (1984) J Clin Pharmacol , vol.24 , pp. 27-34
    • Quiding, H.1    Oikarinen, V.2    Sane, J.3
  • 121
    • 0018126174 scopus 로고
    • A two dose evaluation of propoxyphene napsylate and codeine in postoperative pain
    • Young RES. A two dose evaluation of propoxyphene napsylate and codeine in postoperative pain. Curr Ther Res 1978; 24: 495-502
    • (1978) Curr Ther Res , vol.24 , pp. 495-502
    • Young, R.E.S.1
  • 122
    • 0017683075 scopus 로고
    • Codeine and propoxyphene in postepisiotomy pain: A two dose evaluation
    • Gruber CM. Codeine and propoxyphene in postepisiotomy pain: a two dose evaluation. JAMA 1977; 237: 2734-2735
    • (1977) JAMA , vol.237 , pp. 2734-2735
    • Gruber, C.M.1
  • 123
    • 0026669218 scopus 로고
    • The analgesic activity of morphine-6-glucuronide
    • Osborne R, Thompson P, Joel S, et al. the analgesic activity of morphine-6-glucuronide. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1992; 34: 130-8
    • (1992) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.34 , pp. 130-138
    • Osborne, R.1    Thompson, P.2    Joel, S.3
  • 124
    • 0023272780 scopus 로고
    • Potential analgesic contribution from morphine-6-glucuronide in CSF
    • Hand CW, Blunnie WP, Claffey LP, et al. Potential analgesic contribution from morphine-6-glucuronide in CSF. Lancet 1987; II: 1207-8
    • (1987) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 1207-1208
    • Hand, C.W.1    Blunnie, W.P.2    Claffey, L.P.3
  • 125
    • 0015116683 scopus 로고
    • Analgesic effect of morphine glucuronides
    • Shimomura K, Kamata O, Ueki S, et al. Analgesic effect of morphine glucuronides. Tohoku J Exp Med 1971; 105: 45-52
    • (1971) Tohoku J Exp Med , vol.105 , pp. 45-52
    • Shimomura, K.1    Kamata, O.2    Ueki, S.3
  • 126
    • 0024435591 scopus 로고
    • The effect of ageing on the pharmacokinetics of dihydrocodeine
    • Davies KN, Castleden CM, McBurney A, et al. The effect of ageing on the pharmacokinetics of dihydrocodeine. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1989; 37: 375-9
    • (1989) Eur J Clin Pharmacol , vol.37 , pp. 375-379
    • Davies, K.N.1    Castleden, C.M.2    McBurney, A.3
  • 127
    • 0024311970 scopus 로고
    • Age and the pharmacokinetics of morphine
    • Baillie SP, Bateman DN, Coates PE, et al. Age and the pharmacokinetics of morphine. Age Ageing 1989; 18: 258-62
    • (1989) Age Ageing , vol.18 , pp. 258-262
    • Baillie, S.P.1    Bateman, D.N.2    Coates, P.E.3
  • 128
    • 0023491175 scopus 로고
    • Oral administration of codeine in the presence of ethanol: A pharmacokinetic study in man
    • Bodd E, Beylich KM, Christophersen AS, et al. Oral administration of codeine in the presence of ethanol: a pharmacokinetic study in man. Pharmacol Toxicol 1987; 61: 297-300
    • (1987) Pharmacol Toxicol , vol.61 , pp. 297-300
    • Bodd, E.1    Beylich, K.M.2    Christophersen, A.S.3
  • 130
    • 0022179340 scopus 로고
    • A family study of genetic and environmental factors determining polymorphic hydroxylation of debrisoquine
    • Steiner E, Iselius L, Alvan G, et al. A family study of genetic and environmental factors determining polymorphic hydroxylation of debrisoquine. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1985; 38: 394-401
    • (1985) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.38 , pp. 394-401
    • Steiner, E.1    Iselius, L.2    Alvan, G.3
  • 131
    • 0026779189 scopus 로고
    • In vitro forecasting of drugs that may interfere with codeine bioactivation
    • Dayer P, Desmeules J, Striberni R. In vitro forecasting of drugs that may interfere with codeine bioactivation. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 1992; 17: 115-20
    • (1992) Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet , vol.17 , pp. 115-120
    • Dayer, P.1    Desmeules, J.2    Striberni, R.3
  • 132
    • 10344230639 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developing medication strategies as adjuncts to treating prescription opiate dependence and comorbidity
    • Harris LS, editor. Problems of drug dependence. Rockville: US Department of Health and Human Services
    • Romach MK, Sproule B, Kathiramalainathan K, et al. Developing medication strategies as adjuncts to treating prescription opiate dependence and comorbidity. In: Harris LS, editor. Problems of drug dependence. Proceedings of the 57th Annual Scientific Meeting of the College on Problems of Drug Dependence. Rockville: US Department of Health and Human Services, 1996: 120
    • (1996) Proceedings of the 57th Annual Scientific Meeting of the College on Problems of Drug Dependence , pp. 120
    • Romach, M.K.1    Sproule, B.2    Kathiramalainathan, K.3
  • 133
    • 0026673808 scopus 로고
    • Management of behavior disturbance in Alzheimer disease: Current knowledge and future direction
    • Teri L, Rabins P, Whitehouse P, et al. Management of behavior disturbance in Alzheimer disease: current knowledge and future direction. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 1992; 6: 77-88
    • (1992) Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord , vol.6 , pp. 77-88
    • Teri, L.1    Rabins, P.2    Whitehouse, P.3
  • 135
    • 0023272506 scopus 로고
    • Behavioral symptoms in Alzheimer's disease: Phenomenology and treatment
    • Reisberg B, Borenstein J, Salob SP, et al. Behavioral symptoms in Alzheimer's disease: phenomenology and treatment. J Clin Psychiatry 1987; 48 Suppl. 5: 9-15
    • (1987) J Clin Psychiatry , vol.48 , Issue.5 SUPPL. , pp. 9-15
    • Reisberg, B.1    Borenstein, J.2    Salob, S.P.3
  • 137
    • 0025305464 scopus 로고
    • The genetic polymorphism of debrisoquine/sparteine metabolism - Clinical aspects
    • Eichelbaum M, Gross AS. The genetic polymorphism of debrisoquine/sparteine metabolism - clinical aspects. Pharmacol Ther 1990; 46: 377-94
    • (1990) Pharmacol Ther , vol.46 , pp. 377-394
    • Eichelbaum, M.1    Gross, A.S.2
  • 138
    • 0026610576 scopus 로고
    • Analysis of the CYP2D6 gene in relation to debrisoquine and desipramine hydroxylation in a Swedish population
    • Dahl ML, Johansson I, Palmertz MP, et al. Analysis of the CYP2D6 gene in relation to debrisoquine and desipramine hydroxylation in a Swedish population. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1992; 51: 12-7
    • (1992) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.51 , pp. 12-17
    • Dahl, M.L.1    Johansson, I.2    Palmertz, M.P.3
  • 139
    • 0028942981 scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of CYP2D6 gene duplication and its repercussion on the oxidative phenotype in a white population
    • Agundez JA, Ledesma MC, Ladero JM, et al. Prevalence of CYP2D6 gene duplication and its repercussion on the oxidative phenotype in a white population. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1995; 57: 265-9
    • (1995) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.57 , pp. 265-269
    • Agundez, J.A.1    Ledesma, M.C.2    Ladero, J.M.3
  • 140
    • 0029064096 scopus 로고
    • Ultrarapid hydroxylation of debrisoquine in a Swedish population: Analysis of the molecular genetic basis
    • Dahl M-L, Johansson I, Bertilsson L, et al. Ultrarapid hydroxylation of debrisoquine in a Swedish population: analysis of the molecular genetic basis. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1995; 274: 516-20
    • (1995) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.274 , pp. 516-520
    • Dahl, M.-L.1    Johansson, I.2    Bertilsson, L.3
  • 141
    • 0027534276 scopus 로고
    • Molecular basis for rational megaprescribing in ultrarapid hydroxylators of debrisoquine
    • Bertilsson L, Dahl M-L, Sjöqvist F, et al. Molecular basis for rational megaprescribing in ultrarapid hydroxylators of debrisoquine. Lancet 1993; 341: 63
    • (1993) Lancet , vol.341 , pp. 63
    • Bertilsson, L.1    Dahl, M.-L.2    Sjöqvist, F.3
  • 142
    • 0027136288 scopus 로고
    • Inherited amplification of an active gene in the cytochrome P450 CYP2D-locus as a cause of ultrarapid metabolism of debrisoquine
    • Johansson I, Lundqvist E, Bertilsson L, et al. Inherited amplification of an active gene in the cytochrome P450 CYP2D-locus as a cause of ultrarapid metabolism of debrisoquine. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1993; 90: 11825-9
    • (1993) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.90 , pp. 11825-11829
    • Johansson, I.1    Lundqvist, E.2    Bertilsson, L.3
  • 143
    • 0025736774 scopus 로고
    • A comparison of the pharmacokinetics of codeine and its metabolites in healthy Chinese and Caucasian extensive hydroxylators of debrisoquine
    • Yue QY, Svensson JO, Sjöqvist F, et al. A comparison of the pharmacokinetics of codeine and its metabolites in healthy Chinese and Caucasian extensive hydroxylators of debrisoquine. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1991; 31: 643-7
    • (1991) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.31 , pp. 643-647
    • Yue, Q.Y.1    Svensson, J.O.2    Sjöqvist, F.3
  • 144
    • 0026031652 scopus 로고
    • Interethnic variation of drug metabolism
    • Kalow W. Interethnic variation of drug metabolism. Trends Pharmacol Sci 1991; 12: 102-7
    • (1991) Trends Pharmacol Sci , vol.12 , pp. 102-107
    • Kalow, W.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.