Accessing short-term memory with semantic and phonological information: A time-course analysis

Memory and Cognition

Volumn 24, Issue 2, 1996, Pages 173-187

  McElree, Brian ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b NEW YORK UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACCURACY; ARTICLE; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; LANGUAGE; NORMAL HUMAN; PHONETICS; RECALL; SEMANTICS; SHORT TERM MEMORY; TASK PERFORMANCE; WORD RECOGNITION;

EID: 0029960046     PISSN: 0090502X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3758/BF03200879     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. ANDERSON, J. A. (1973). A theory for the recognition of items from short memorized lists. Psychological Review, 80, 417-438.
2. BADDELEY, A. D., & ECOB, J. R. (1973). Reaction time and short-term memory: Implications of repetition effects for high speed exhaustive scan hypothesis. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 25, 229-240.
3. BECKER, C. A. (1979). Semantic context and word frequency effects in visual word recognition. Journal of Experimental Psychology Human Perception & Performance, 5, 252-259.
4. BOWER, G. H. (1967). A multicomponent theory of the memory trace. In K. W. Spence & J. T. Spence (Eds.), The psychology of learning and motivation (Vol. 1, pp. 230-325). New York: Academic Press.
5. CHANDLER, J. P. (1969). Subroutine STEPIT - Finds local minimum of a smooth function of several parameters. Behavioral Science, 14, 81-82.
6. CLARK, S. E. (1992). Word frequency effects in associative and item recognition. Memory & Cognition, 20, 231-243.
7. COWAN, N. (1993). Activation, attention, and short-term memory. Memory & Cognition, 21, 162-167.
8. DOSHER, B. A. (1976). The retrieval of sentences from memory: A speedaccuracy study. Cognitive Psychology, 8, 291-310.
9. DOSHER, B. A. (1979). Empirical approaches to information processing: Speed-accuracy tradeoff or reaction time. Acta Psyckologica, 43, 347-359.
10. DOSHER, B. A. (1982). Sentence size, network distance and sentence retrieval. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory & Cognition, 8, 173-207.
11. DOSHER, B. A., & MCELREE, B. (1992). Memory search. In L. R. Squire (Ed.), Encyclopedia of learning and memory (pp. 398-406). New York: Macmillan.
12. DOSHER, B. A., & ROSEDALE, G. (1989). Combined retrieval cues as a mechanism for priming in retrieval from memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology General, 118, 191-211.
13. DREWNOWSKI, A. (1980). Attributes and priorities in short-term recall: A new model of memory span. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 109, 208-250
14. EICH, J. M. (1982). A composite holographic associative recall model. Psychological Review, 89, 627-661.
15. GILLUND, G., & SHIFFRIN, R. M. (1984). A retrieval model for both recognition and recall. Psychological Review, 91, 1-67.
16. GRONLUND, S. D., EDWARDS, M. B., & OHRT, D. D. (1993). Item information precedes position information in recognition. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Psychological Society, Chicago.
17. GRONLUND, S. D., & RATCLIFF, R. (1989). Time course of item and associative information: Implications for global memory models. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory, & Cognition, 15, 846-858.
18. HACKER, M. J. (1980). Speed and accuracy of recency judgments for event in short-term memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, & Cognition, 6, 651-675.
19. HINTZMAN, D. L. (1984). MINERVA2: A simulation model of human memory. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 16, 96-101.
20. HINTZMAN, D. L. (1988). Judgments of frequency and recognition memory in a multiple-trace memory model. Psychological Review, 95, 528-551.
21. HINTZMAN, D. L., & CURRAN, T. (1994). Retrieval dynamics of recognition and frequency judgments: Evidence for separate processes of familiarity and recall. Journal of Memory & Language, 33, 1-18.
22. JOHNSON, N. F. (1972). Organization and the concept of a memory code. In A. W. Melton & E. Martin (Eds.), Coding processes in human memory (pp. 125-159). Washington DC: V H. Winston.
23. JUDD, C. M., & MCCLELLAND, G. H. (1989). Data analysis: A modelcomparison approach. San Diego: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.
24. MACMILLAN, N. A., & CREELMAN, C. D. (1991). Detection theory: A user's guide. New York: Cambridge University Press.
25. MCELREE, B. (1993). The locus of lexical preference effects in sentence comprehension: A time-course analysis. Journal of Memory & Language, 32, 536-571.
26. MCELREE, B., & DOSHER, B. A. (1989). Serial position and set size in short-term memory: Time course of recognition. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 118, 346-373.
27. MCELREE, B., & DOSHER, B. A. (1993). Serial retrieval processes in the recovery of order information. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 122, 291-315.
28. MURDOCK, B. B., JR. (1971). A parallel-processing model for scanning. Perception & Psychophysics, 10, 289-291.
29. MURDOCK, B. B., JR. (1982). A theory for the storage and retrieval of item and associative information. Psychological Review, 89, 609-626.
30. MURDOCK, B. B., JR. (1983). A distributed memory model for serial order information. Psychological Review, 90, 316-338.
31. MURDOCK, B. B., JR. (1993). TODAM2: A model for the storage and retrieval of item, associative, and serial-order information. Psychological Review, 100, 183-203.
32. MUTER, P. A. (1979). Response latencies in discriminations of recency. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory & Cognition, 5, 160-169.
33. NAIRNE, J. S. (1988). A framework for interpreting recency effects in immediate serial recall. Memory & Cognition, 16, 343-352.
34. NAIRNE, J. S. (1990). A feature model of immediate memory. Memory & Cognition, 18, 251-269.
35. NOSOFSKY, R. M. (1986). Attention, similarity, and the identification-categorization relationship. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 115, 39-57.
36. POSNER, M. I., BOIES, S. J., EICHELMAN, W. H., & TAYLOR, R. L. (1969). Retention of visual and name codes of single letters. Journal of Experimental Psychology Monographs, 79 (1, Pt. 2).
37. RATCLIFF, R. (1978). A theory of memory retrieval. Psychological Review, 85, 59-108.
38. REED, A. V. (1973). Speed-accuracy trade-off in recognition memory. Science, 181, 574-576.
39. REED, A. V. (1976). The time course of recognition in human memory. Memory & Cognition, 4, 16-30.
40. RICHARDSON-KLAVEHN, A., & BJORK, R. A. (1988). Measures of memory. Annual Review of Psychology, 39, 475-543.
41. SHULMAN, H. G. (1970). Encoding and retention of semantic and phonemic information in short-term memory. Journal of Verbal Learning & Verbal Behavior, 9, 499-508.
42. STERNBERG, S. (1966). High speed scanning in human memory. Science. 153, 652-654.
43. STERNBERG, S. (1969). Memory scanning: Mental processes revealed by reaction-time experiments. American Scientist, 57, 421-457.
44. STERNBERO, S. (1975). Memory-scanning: New findings and current controversies. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 27, 1-32.
45. THEIOS, J. (1973). Reaction time measurement in the study of memory processes: Theory and data. In G. H. Bower (Ed.), The psychology of learning and motivation (Vol. 7, pp. 44-85). New York: Academic Press.
46. THEIOS, J., SMITH, P. G., HAVILAND, S. E., TRAUPMAN, J., & MOY, M. C. (1973). Memory scanning as a serial self-terminating process. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 97, 323-336.
47. TOWNSEND, J. T., & ASHBY, F. G. (1983). The stochastic modeling of elementary psychological processes. New York: Cambridge University Press.
48. UNDERWOOD, B. J. (1969). Attributes of memory. Psychological Review, 76, 559-573.
49. WICKELGREN, W. (1977) Speed-accuracy tradeoff and information processing dynamics. Acta Psychologica, 41, 67-85.
50. WICKELGREN, W. A., CORBETT, A. T., & DOSHER, B. A. (1980). Priming and retrieval from short-term memory: A speed-accuracy trade off analysis. Journal of Verbal Learning & Verbal Behavior, 19, 387-404.