Hepatitis B virus X gene expression is activated by X protein but repressed by p53 tumor suppressor gene product in the transient expression system

Virology

Volumn 216, Issue 1, 1996, Pages 80-89

  Takada, Shinako ^a   Kaneniwa, Noriko ^a   Tsuchida, Nobuo ^b   Koike, Katsuro ^a  

^a CANCER INSTITUTE   (Japan)

^b TOKYO MEDICAL AND DENTAL UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

PROTEIN P53;

ARTICLE; CELL LINE; CONTROLLED STUDY; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION; HEPATITIS B VIRUS; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROMOTER REGION; TRANSCRIPTION REGULATION; TUMOR SUPPRESSOR GENE;

EID: 0029960015     PISSN: 00426822     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1006/viro.1996.0036     Document Type: Article

References (76)

1. Araki, E., Shimada, F., Shichiri, M., Mori, M., and Ebina, Y. (1988). pSVOOCAT: Low background CAT plasmid. Nucleic Acids Res. 16, 1627.
2. Arii, M., Takada, S., and Koike, K. (1992). Identification of three essential regions of hepatitis B virus X protein for transactivation function. Oncogene 7, 397-403.
3. Benn, J., and Schneider, R. T. (1994). Hepatitis B virus HBx protein activates Ras-GTP complex formation and establishes a Ras, Raf, MAP kinase signaling cascade. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91, 10350-10354.
4. Bressac, B., Galvin, K. M., Liang, T. J., Isselbacher, K. J., Wands, J. R., and Ozturk, M. (1990). Abnormal structure and expression of p53 gene in human hepatocellular carcinoma. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87, 1973-1977.
5. Cross, J. C., Wen, P., and Rutter, W. J. (1993). Transactivation by hepatitis B virus X protein is promiscuous and dependent on mitogen-activated cellular serine/threonine kinases. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90, 8078-8082.
6. Deffie, A., Wu, H., Reinke, V., and Lozano, G. (1993). The tumor suppressor p53 regulates its own transcription. Mol. Cell. Biol. 13, 3415-3423.
7. Dignam, J. D., Lebovitz, R. M., and Reoder, R. G. (1983). Accurate transcription initiation by RNA polymerase II in a soluble extract from isolated mammalian nuclei. Nucleic Acids Res. 11, 1475-1489.
8. Dittmer, D., Pati, S., Zambetti, G., Chu, S., Teresky, A. K., Moore, M., Finlay, C., and Levine, A. J. (1993). Gain of function mutations in p53. Nature Genet. 4, 42-46.
9. Dutta, A., Ruppert, J. M., Aster, C., and Winchester, E. (1993). Inhibition of DNA replication factor RPA by p53. Nature 365, 79-82.
10. Dyson, N., Howley, P. M., Munger, K., and Harlow, E. (1989). The human papilloma virus-16E7 oncoprotein is able to bind the retinoblastoma gene product. Science 243, 934-937.
11. Faktor, O., Budlovsky, S., Ben-Levy, R., and Shaul, Y. (1990). A single element within the hepatitis B virus enhancer binds multiple proteins and responds to multiple stimuli. J. Virol. 64, 1861-1863.
12. Farmer, G., Bargonetti, J., Zhu, H., Friedman, P., Prywes, R., and Prives, C. (1992). Wild-type p53 activates transcription in vitro. Nature 358, 83-86.
13. Feitelson, M. A., Zhu, M., Duan, L. X., and London, W. T. (1993). Hepatitis B X antigen and p53 are associated in vitro and in liver tissues from patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncogene 8, 1109-1117.
14. Ganem, D., and Varmus, H. E. (1987). The molecular biology of hepatitis B viruses. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 56, 651-695.
15. Gerwin, B. I., Spillare, E., Forrester, K., Lehman, T. A., Kispert, L., Welsh, J. A., Reifer, A. M. A., Lechner, J. F., Baker, S. J., Vogelstein, B., and Harris, C. C. (1992). Mutant p53 can induce tumorigenic conversion of human bronchial epithelial cells and reduce their responsiveness to a negative growth factor, transforming growth factor β. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89, 2759-2763.
16. Ginsberg, D., Mechta, F., Yaniv, M., and Oren, M. (1991). Wild-type p53 can down-regulate the activity of various promoters. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88, 9979-9983.
17. Harris, C. C., and Hollstein, M. C. (1993). Clinical implications of the p53 tumor suppressor gene. N. Engl. J. Med. 329, 1318-1327.
18. Hohne, M., Schaefer, S., Scifer, M., Feitelson, M. A., Paul, D., and Gerlich, W. H. (1990). Malignant transformation of immortalized transgenic hepatocyte after transfection with hepatitis B virus DNA EMBO J. 9, 1137-1145.
19. Hollstein, M., Sidransky, D., Vogelstein, B., and Harris, C. C. (1991). p53 mutations in human cancers. Science 253, 49-53.
20. Hupp, T. R., Meek, D. W., Midgley, C. A., and Lane, D. P. (1992). Regulation of the specific DNA binding function of p53. Cell 71, 875-886.
21. Johnson, P. F., and McKnight, S. L. (1989). Eukaryotic transcriptional regulatory proteins. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 58, 799-839.
22. Kastan, M. B., Zhan, Q., El-Deiry, W. S., Carrier, F., Jacks, T., Walsh, W. V., Plunkett, B. S., Vogelstein, B., and Fornace, A. J., Jr. (1992). A mammalian cell cycle checkpoint pathway utilizing p53 and GADD45 is defective in ataxia-telangiectasia. Cell 71, 587-597.
23. Kekule, A. S., Lauer, U., Weiss, L., Luber, B., and Hofschneider, P. H. (1993). Hepatitis B virus transactivator HBx uses a tumour promoter signalling pathway. Nature 361, 742-745.
24. Kern, S. E., Kinzler, K. W., Bruskin, A., Jarosz, D., Friedman, P., Prives, C., and Vogelstein, B. (1991). Identification of p53 as a sequence-specific DNA-binding protein. Science 252, 1708-1711.
25. + lymphocytes immunologically reactive with antibody inhibiting syncytia induced by HIV-I. J. Biol. Chem. 265, 21979-21985.
26. Kim, C.-M., Koike, K., Saito, I., Miyamura, T., and Jay, G. (1991). HBx gene of hepatitis B virus induces liver cancer in transgenic mice. Nature 351, 317-320.
27. Kim, D. W., Uetsuki, T., Kaziro, K., Yamaguchi, N., and Sugano, S. (1990). Use of the human elongation factor 1a promoter as a versatile and efficient expression system. Gene 91, 217-223.
28. Kobayashi, M., and Koike, K. (1984). Complete nucleotide sequence of hepatitis B virus DNA of subtype adr and its conserved gene organization. Gene 30, 227-232.
29. Koike, K., Shirakata, Y., Yaginuma, K., Arkii, M., Takada, S., Nakamura, I., Hayashi, Y., Kawada, M., and Kobayashi, M. (1989). Oncogenic potential of hepatitis B virus. Mol. Biol. Med. 6, 151-160.
30. Lane, D. P., and Crawford, L. V. (1979). T antigen is bound to a host protein in SV40-transformed cells. Nature 278, 261-263.
31. Linzer, D. I., and Levine, A. J. (1979). Characterization of a 54K dalton cellular SV40 tumor antigen present in SV40-transformed cells and uninfected embryonal carcinoma cells. Cell 17, 43-52.
32. Liu, X., Miller, C. W., Koeffler, P. H., and Berk, A. J. (1993). The p53 activation domain binds the TATA box-binding polypeptide in Holo-TFIID, and a neighboring p53 domain inhibits transcription. Mol. Cell. Biol. 13, 3291-3300.
33. Maguire, H. F., Hoeffler, J. P., and Siddiqui, A. (1991). HBV X protein alters the DNA binding specificity of CREB and ATF-2 by protein-protein interaction. Science 252, 842-844.
34. Masuda, H., Miller, C., Koeffler, H. P., Battifora, H., and Cline, M. J. (1987). Rearrangement of the p53 gene in human osteogenic sarcomas. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84, 7716-7719.
35. Momand, J., Zambetti, G. P., Olson, D. C., George, D., and Levine, A. J. (1992). The mdm-2 oncogene product forms a complex with the p53 protein and inhibits p53-medicated transactivation. Cell 69, 1327-1245.
36. Nakamura, I., and Koike, K. (1992). Identification of a binding protein to the X gene promoter region of hepatitis B virus. Virology 191, 533-540.
37. Natoli, G., Avantaggiati, M. L., Chirillo, P., Puri, P., Ianni, A., Balsano, C., and Levrero, M. (1994a). Ras- and Raf-dependent activation of c-Jun transcriptional activity by the hepatitis B virus transactivator pX Oncogene 9, 2837-2843.
38. Natoli, G., Avantaggiati, M. L., Chirillo, P., Costanzo, A., Artini, M., Balsano, C., and Levrero, M. (1994b). Induction of the DNA-binding activity of c-Jun/c-Fos heterodimers by the hepatitis B virus transactivator pX Mol. Cell. Biol. 14, 989-998.
39. Oliner, J. D., Kinzler, K. W., Meltzer, P. S., George, D. L., and Vogelstein, B. (1992). Amplification of a gene encoding a p53-associated protein in human sarcomas. Nature 358, 80-83.
40. Ptashne, M. (1988). How eukaryoric transcriptional activators work. Nature 335, 683-689.
41. Ragimov, N., Krauskopf, A., Navot, N., Rotter, V., Oren, M., and Aloni, Y. (1993). Wild-type but not mutant p53 can repress transcription initiation in vitro by interfering with the binding of basal transcription factors to the TATA motif. Oncogens 8, 1183-1193.
42. Rakotomahanina, C. K., Hilger, C., Fink, T., Zentgraf, H., and Schroder, C. H. (1994). Biological activities of a putative truncated hepatitis B virus X gene product fused to a polylysin stretch. Oncogene 9, 2613-2621.
43. Rechstreiner, M. (1991). Natural substrates of the ubiquitin proteolytic pathway. Cell 66, 615-618.
44. Rossner, M. T. (1992). Hepatitis B Virus X-gene product: A promiscuous transcriptional activator. J. Med. Virol. 36, 101-117.
45. Sakai, E., and Tsuchida, N. (1992). Most human squamous cell carcinomas in the oral cavity contain mutated p53 tumor-suppressor genes. Oncogene 7, 927-933.
46. Sang, B.-C., Chen, J.-Y., Minna, J., and Barbosa, M. S. (1994). Distinct regions of p53 have a differential role in transcriptional activation and repression functions. Oncogene 9, 853-859.
47. Santhanam, U., Ray, A., and Sehgal, P. B. (1991). Repression of the interleukin 6 gene promoter by p53 and the retinoblastoma susceptibility gene product. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88, 7605-7609.
48. Sarnow, P., Ho, Y. S., Williams, J., and Levine, A. J. (1982). Adenovirus Elb-58kd tumor antigen and SV40 large tumor antigen are physically associated with the same 54 kd cellular protein in transformed cells. Cell 28, 387-394.
49. Seto, E., Zhou, D. X., Peterlin, B. M., and Yen, T. S. B. (1989). Transactivation by the hepatitis B virus X protein shows cell-type specificity. Virology 173, 764-766.
50. Seto, E., Mitchell, P. J., and Yen, T. S. B. (1990). Transactivation by the hepatitis B virus X protein depends on AP-2 and other transcription factors. Nature 344, 72-74.
51. Seto, E., Usheva, A., Zambetti, G. P., Momand, J., Horikoshi, N., Weinmann, R., Levine, A. J., and Shenk, T. (1992). Wild-type p53 binds to the TATA-binding protein and represses transcription. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89, 12028-12032.
52. Shiio, Y., Yamamoto, T., and Yamaguchi, N. (1992). Negative regulation of Rb expression by the p53 gene product. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89, 5206-5210.
53. Shirakata, Y., Kawada, M., Fujiki, Y., Sano, H., Oda, M., Yaginuma, K., Kobayashi, M., and Koike, K. (1989). The X gene of hepatitis B virus induced growth stimulation and tumorigenic transformation of mouse NIH3T3 cells. Jpn. J. Cancer Res. 80, 617-621.
54. Siddiqui, A., Jameel, S., and Mapoles, J. (1987). Expression of hepatitis B virus X gene in mammalian cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84, 2513-2517.
55. Siddiqui, A., Gayner, R., Srinivasan, A., Mapoles, J., and Farr, R. W. (1989). Trans-activation of viral enhancers including long terminal repeat of the human immunodeficiency virus by the hepatitis B virus X protein. Virology 169, 479-484.
56. Spandau, D. F., and Lee, C-H. (1988). Trans-activation of viral enhancers by the hepatitis B virus X protein. J. Virol. 62, 427-434.
57. Subler, M. A., Martin, D. W., and Deb, S. (1992). Inhibition of viral and cellular promoters by human wild-type p53. J. Virol. 66, 4757-4762.
58. Subler, M. A., Martin, D. W., and Deb, S. (1994). Overlapping domains on the p53 protein regulates its transcriptional activation and repression functions. Oncogene 9, 1351-1359.
59. Takada, S., and Koike, K. (1990a). X protein of hepatitis B virus resembles a serine protease inhibitor. Jpn. J. Cancer Res. 81, 1191-1194.
60. Takada, S., and Koike, K. (1990b). Trans-activation function of 3′ truncated X gene-cell fusion product from integrated hepatitis B virus DNA in chronic hepatitis tissues. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87, 5628-5632.
61. Takada, S., Kido, H., Fukutomi, A., Mori, T., and Koike, K. (1994a). Interaction of hepatitis B virus X protein with a serine protease, tryptase TL2, as an inhibitor. Oncogens 9, 341-348.
62. Takada, S., Mori, T., Kido, H., Nakamura, I., Yaginuma, K., Tsuchida, N., and Koike, K. (1994b). Contribution of HBV X gene expression to hepatic carcinogenesis. In ""Viral Hepatitis and Liver Diseases" (K. Nishioka, H. Suzuki, S. Mishiro, and T. Oda, Eds.), pp. 753-756. Springer-Verlag, Tokyo.
63. Tanaka, K., Tamura, T., Yoshimura, T., and Ichihara, A. (1992). Proteasomes: Protein and gene structures. New Biol. 4, 173-187.
64. Thut, C. J., Chen, J.-L., Kiemm, R., and Tjian, R. (1995). p53 transcriptional activation mediated by co-activators TAFII40 and TAFII60. Science 267, 100-104.
65. Tiollais, P., Pourcel, C., and Dejean, A. (1985). The hepatitis B virus. Nature 317, 489-495.
66. Tsutsumi-lshii, Y., Tadokoro, K., Hanaoka, F., and Tsuchida, N. (1995). Response of heat shock element within the human HSP70 promoter to mutated p53 genes. Cell Growth Differentiation 6, 1-8.
67. Twu, J.-S., Chu, K., and Robinson, W. S. (1989a). Hepatitis B virus X gene can transact!vate heterologous viral sequences. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86, 5168-5172.
68. Twu, J.-S., Rosen, C. A., Haseltine, W. A., and Robinson, W. S. (1989b). Identification of a region within the human immunodeficiency virus type I long terminal repeat that is essential for transactivation by the hepatitis B virus gene X. J. Virol. 63, 2857-2860.
69. Wang, X. W., Forrester, K., Yeh, H., Feitelson, M. A., and Gu, J.-R.(1994). Hepatitis B virus X protein inhibits p53 sequence-specific DNA binding, transcriptional activity, and association with transcription factor ERCC3. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91, 2230-2234.
70. Weintraub, H. (1985). Assembly and propagation of repressed and derepressed chromosomal states. Cell 42, 705-711.
71. Weintraub, H., Hauschka, S., and Tapscott, S. J. (1991). The MCK enhancer contains a p53 responsive element. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88, 4570-4571.
72. Wolf, D., Harris, N., and Rotter, V. (1984). Reconstitution of p53 expression in a nonproducer Ab-MuLV-transformed cell line by transfection of a functional p53 gene. Cell 38, 119-126.
73. Xiao, H., Pearson, A., Coulombe, B., Truant, R., Zhang, S., Regier, J. L., Triezenberg, S. J., Reinberg, D., Flores, O., Ingles, C. J., and Greenblatt, J. (1994). Binding of basal transcription factor TFIIH to the acidic activation domains of VP16 and p53. Mol. Cell. Biol. 14, 7013-7024.
74. Yaginuma, K., Shirakata, Y., Kobayashi, M., and Koike, K. (1987). Hepatitis B virus (HBV) particles are produced in a cell culture system by transient expression of transfected HBV DNA. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84, 2678-2682.
75. Yaginuma, K., Nakamura, I., Takada, S., and Koikra, K. (1993). A transcription initiation site for the hepatitis B virus X gene is directed by the promoter-binding protein. J. Virol. 67, 2559-2565.
76. Zambetti, G. P., Bargonetti, J., Walker, K., Prives, C., and Levine, A. J. (1992). Wild-type p53 mediate positive regulation of gene expression through a specific DNA sequence element. Genes Dev. 6, 1143-1152.