Observations of deep convection in the Gulf of Lions, northern Mediterranean, during the winter of 1991/92

Journal of Physical Oceanography

Volumn 26, Issue 4, 1996, Pages 505-524

  Schott, Friedrich ^a   Visbeck, Martin ^b   Send, Uwe ^a   Fischer, Jürgen ^a   Stramma, Lothar ^a   Desaubies, Yves ^c  

^a GEOMAR HELMHOLTZ CENTRE FOR OCEAN RESEARCH KIEL   (Germany)

^b MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

^c Laboratoire d'Océanographie Physique et Satellite   (France)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CONVECTION; INTERNAL WAVE GENERATION; MIXED LAYER; WINTER;

MEDITERRANEAN SEA, GULF OF LIONS;

EID: 0029954615     PISSN: 00223670     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/1520-0485(1996)026<0505:OODCIT>2.0.CO;2     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. Anati, D. A., 1971: On the mechanism of the deep mixed layer formation during MEDOC'69. Cah. Oceanogr., 23, 427-443.
2. Astraldi, M., and G. P. Gasparini, 1992: The seasonal characteristics of the circulation in the north Mediterranean Basin and their relationship with the atmospheric-climatic conditions. J. Geophys. Res., 97(C6), 9531-9540.
3. Bryden, H. L., J. Candela, and T. H. Kinder, 1994: Exchange through the Strait of Gibraltar. Progress in Oceanography, Pergamon, Vol. 33, 201-248.
4. Coates, M. J., G. N. Ivey, and J. R. Taylor, 1995: Unsteady, turbulent convection into a rotating linearly, stratified fluid: Modeling deep ocean convection. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 25, 3022-3050.
5. Fischer, J., and M. Visbeck, 1993: Seasonal variation of the daily zooplankton migration in the Greenland Sea measured with ADCPs. Deep-Sea Res., 40, 1547-1557.
6. Garrett, C., R. Outerbridge, and K. Thompson, 1993: Interannual variability in Mediterranean heat and buoyancy fluxes. J. Climate, 6, 900-910.
7. Gascard, J.-C., 1973: Vertical motions in a region of deep water formation. Deep-Sea Res., 20, 1011-1027.
8. _, 1978: Mediterranean deep water formation baroclinic instability and oceanic eddies. Oceanol. Acta, 1, 315-330.
9. Jones, H., and J. Marshall, 1993: Convection with rotation in a neutral ocean: A study of open-ocean deep convection. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 23, 1009-1039.
10. Kinder, T. H., and G. Parilla, 1987: Yes, some of the Mediterranean Outflow does come from great depth. J. Geophys. Res., 92, 2901-2906.
11. Leaman, K. D., and F. Schott, 1991: Hydrographic structure of the convection regime in the Golfe du Lion. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 21, 575-598.
12. Madec, C., M. Chartier, P. Delecluse, and M. Crepon, 1991: A three-dimensional numerical study of deep water formation in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 21, 1349-1371.
13. Martel, L., and F. Martel, 1994: Air-sea fluxes and winds over the western Mediterranean Sea from three data set: FNOC, Peridot 1988-1989, Peridot 1991-1992. CETIIS Tech. Rep., 26 pp plus figures.
14. Maxworthy, T., and S. Narimousa, 1994: Unsteady, turbulent convection into a homogenous, rotating fluid, with oceanographic applications. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 24, 865-887.
15. MEDOC Group, 1970: Observation of formation of deep water in the Mediterranean Sea, 1969. Nature, 227, 1037-1040.
16. Mertens, C., 1994: Winterliche Deckschichtentwicklung und ihre zwischenjährliche Variabilität im nordwestlichen Mittelmeer. M.S. thesis, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Kiel, 65 pp.
17. Rhein, M., 1995: Deep water formation in the western Mediterranean. J. Geophys. Res., 100(C4), 6943-6959.
18. Schott, F., and K. D. Leaman, 1991: Observations with moored acoustic Doppler current profilers in the convection regime in the Golfe du Lion. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 21, 558-574.
19. _, M. Visbeck, and J. Fischer, 1993: Observations of vertical currents and convection in the central Greenland Sea during the winter of 1988/89. J. Geophys. Res., 98(C8), 14401-14 421.
20. _, _, and U. Send, 1994: Open ocean deep convection, Mediterranean and Greenland Seas. Ocean Processes in Climate Dynamics: Global and Mediterranean Examples, P. Malanotte-Rizzoli and A. R. Robinson, Eds., Kluwer Academic, 203-225.
21. Schumacher, J., 1994: Zirkulation im Golf von Lion im Winter 1991/ 92 in Zusammenhang mit winterlicher Konvektion. M.S. thesis, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Kiel, 74 pp.
22. Send, U., and J. Marshall, 1995: Integral effects of deep convection. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 25, 855-872.
23. _, F. Schott, F. Gaillard, and Y. Desaubies, 1995: Observation of a deep convection regime with acoustic tomography. J. Geophys. Res., 100(C4), 6927-6941.
24. Swallow, J. C., and G. F. Caston, 1973: The preconditioning phase of MEDOC: 1969. Part I: Observations. Deep-Sea Res., 20, 429-448.
25. The THETIS Group (F. Schott, U. Send, G. Krahmann, C. Mertens, M. Rhein, M. Visbeck, Y. Desaubies, F. Gaillard, T. Terre, J. Papadakis, M. Taroudakis, G. Athanassoulis, and E. Skarsoulis), 1994: Open-ocean deep convection explored in the Mediterranean. Eos, Trans. Amer. Geophys. Union, 75, 217-221.
26. Visbeck, M., 1993: Konvektion im offenen Ozean. Interpretation von Beobachtungen aus der Grönlandsee und dem westlichen Mittelmeer. Inst. Meereskd. Report No. 237.
27. _, J. Marshall, and H. Jones, 1995: On the dynamics of convective chimneys in the ocean, submitted.