A one year prospective study of the effect of life events and medication in the aetiology of schizophrenic relapse

British Journal of Psychiatry

Volumn 168, Issue JAN., 1996, Pages 49-56

  Hirsch, Steven ^a   Bowen, J O ^b   Emami, Javad ^a   Cramer, Philip ^c   Jolley, Anthony ^d   Haw, Camilla ^e   Dickinson, Mark ^f  

^a IMPERIAL COLLEGE SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United Kingdom)

^b CHELSEA AND WESTMINSTER HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

^c Ealing Mental Health Unit   (United Kingdom)

^d CHARING CROSS HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

^e Horton Hospital   (United Kingdom)

^f Harpersbury Hospital

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

FLUPHENAZINE DECANOATE;

ADULT; ARTICLE; CHRONIC DISEASE; FEMALE; HUMAN; LIFE EVENT; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; RECURRENCE RISK; RELAPSE; SCHIZOPHRENIA;

EID: 0029954342     PISSN: 00071250     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1192/bjp.168.1.49     Document Type: Article

References (29)

1. AL KHANI, M. A. F. K., BEBBINGTON, P. E., WATSON, J. P., et al (1986) Life events in schizophrenia. British Journal of Psychiatry, 148, 12-22.
2. BEBBINGTON, P. E., WILKINS, S., JAMES, P., et al (1993) Life events and psychosis. Initial results from the Camberwell Collaborative Psychosis Study. British Journal of Psychiatry, 161, 72-79.
3. BROWN, G. W. & BIRLEY, J. (1968) Crises and life changes and the onset of schizophrenia. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 9, 203-214.
4. _ & HARRIS, T. O. (1978) The Bedford College of Life Events and Difficulties Schedule: Directory of Contextual Ratings of Events, Bedford. London: Tavistock.
5. _ & _ (eds) (1989) Life Events and Illness, pp. 49-93. London: Unwin Hyman.
6. _, _ & PETO, J. (1973) Life events and psychiatric disorders. Part 2. Nature of causal link. Psychological Medicine, 3, 159-176.
7. CANTON, G. & FRACCON, I. G. (1985) Life events and schizophrenia: A replication. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 71, 211-216.
8. CHUNG, R. K., LANGELLUDUECKE, P. & TENNANT, C. (1986) Threatening life events in the onset of schizophrenia, schizophreniform psychosis and hypomania. British Journal of Psychiatry, 148, 680-685.
9. COX, D. R. & OAKES, D. (1984) Time Dependent Covariates. In Analysis of Survival Data, pp. 112-139. London: Chapman & Hall.
10. DAY, R. (1981) Life events and schizophrenia: "triggering hypothesis". Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 64, 97-122.
11. _, NEILSEN, J. A., KORTEN, A., et al (1987) Stressful life events preceding acute onset of schizophrenia: A cross-sectional study from the World Health Organization Culture. Medicine & Psychiatry, 11, 123-206.
12. DEROGATIS, L. R., LIPMAN, R. S. & COVI, L. (1973) An outpatient psychotic rating scale (SCL-90); preliminary report. Psychopharmacological Bulletin, 9, 13-28.
13. DOHRENWEND, B. P., LEVAV, I., SHROUT, P. E., et al (1987) Life stress and cycle pathology: Progress on research begun with Dohrenwend. American Journal of Community Psychology, 15, 677-715.
14. GUREJE, O. & ADEWUNMI, A. (1988) Life events in schizophrenia in Nigerians. A controlled investigation. British Journal of Psychiatry, 153, 367-375.
15. HARDESTY, J. P., FALLOON, I. R. & SHIRIN, K. (1985) The impact of life events, stress and coping on the morbidity of schizophrenia. In Family Management of Schizophrenia (ed. I. R. Falloon). Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press.
16. HIRSCH, S. R., CRAMER, P. & BOWEN, J. T. (1992) The triggering hypothesis of the role of life events in schizophrenia. British Journal of Psychiatry, 161 (suppl 18), 84-87.
17. JACOBS, S. & MYERS, J. (1976) Recent life events and acute schizophrenic psychosis: A controlled study. Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases, 162, 75-87.
18. KRAWIECKA, M., GOLDBERG, D. & VAUGHAN, M. (1977) A standardised psychiatric assessment scale for rating chronic psychotic patients. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 55, 299-308.
19. LEE, E. T. (1992) Statistical Methods for Survival Data Analysis (2nd edn). California: Wadsworth.
20. LEFF, J. P., HIRSCH, S. R., GAIND, R., et al (1973) Life events and maintenance therapy in schizophrenic relapse. British Journal of Psychiatry, 123, 659-660.
21. _ & VAUGHAN, C. (1980) The interaction of life events and relative expressed emotion in schizophrenic and depressive neurosis. British Journal of Psychiatry, 136, 146-153.
22. _, KUIPERS, L., BERKOWITZ, R., et al (1983) Life events, relative expressed emotion and maintenance neuroleptics in schizophrenic relapse. Psychological Medicine, 113, 799-806.
23. MALLA, A. K., CORTESE, T. S. & GINSBERG, G. (1990) Life events and relapse in schizophrenia. A one year prospective study. Social Psychiatry and Epidemiology, 15, 221-224.
24. MALZACHER, M., MERTZ, J. & EBNOTHER, P. (1981) Einschneidende Lebensereignisse im Vorfeld akuter Schizophrener Episoden. Archiv für Psychiatrie und Nervenkrankheiten, 230, 227-242.
25. NORMAN, R. M. G. & MALLA, A. K. (1993) Stressful life events and schizophrenia. Parts I and II. British Journal of Psychiatry, 162, 161-174.
26. PAYKEL, E. S. (1978) The contribution of life events to the causation of psychiatric illness. Psychiatric Medicine, 34, 1238-1241.
27. ROTHMAN, K. J. (1986) Modern Epidemiology, pp. 35-46. Boston: Little Brown.
28. VENTURA, J., NUECHTERLEIN, K. H., LUKOFF, D., et al (1989) A prospective study of stressful life events in schizophrenic relapse. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 98, 407-411.
29. _, _, HARDESTY, J. P., et al (1992) Life events and schizophrenic relapse after withdrawal of medication. British Journal of Psychiatry, 161, 615-620.