Functional analysis of the human androgen receptor promoter

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology

Volumn 119, Issue 1, 1996, Pages 83-93

  Takane, Karen K ^a,b   McPhaul, Michael J ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS SOUTHWESTERN MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS SOUTHWESTERN MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANDROGEN; ANDROGEN RECEPTOR; MESSENGER RNA;

ANDROGEN SYNTHESIS; ARTICLE; DNA SEQUENCE; HUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROMOTER REGION; PROTEIN PROCESSING; REPORTER GENE; SITE DIRECTED MUTAGENESIS; TISSUE; TRANSCRIPTION INITIATION;

EID: 0029953615     PISSN: 03037207     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/0303-7207(96)03800-2     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. Griffin, J.E., McPhaul, M.J., Russell, D.W. and Wilson, J.D. (1995) The androgen resistance syndromes: steroid 5α-reductase 2 deficiency, testicular feminization, and related disorders. In: The Metabolic and Molecular Bases of Inherited Disease, 7th ed., Vol. II (Scriver, C.R., Beaudet, A.L., Sly, W.S., and Valle, D. eds), pp. 2967-2998, McGraw-Hill, New York.
2. Takane, K.K., George, F.W. and Wilson, J.D. (1990) Androgen receptor of rat penis is downregulated by androgen. Am. J. Physiol, 258, E45-E50.
3. Takane, K.K., Husmann, D.A., McPhaul, M.J. and Wilson, J.D. (1991) Androgen receptor levels in the rat penis are controlled differently in distinctive cell types. Endocrinology 128, 2234-2238.
4. Husmann, D.A. and McPhaul, M.J. (1991) Localization of the androgen receptor in the developing rat gubernaculum. Endocrinology 128, 383-387.
5. Husmann, D.A., McPhaul, M.J. and Wilson, J.D. (1991) Androgen receptor expression in the developing rat prostate is not altered by castration, flutamide, or suppression of the adrenal axis. Endocrinology 128, 1902-1906.
6. Tilley, W.D., Marcelli, M. and McPhaul, M.J. (1990) Expression of the human androgen receptor gene utilizes a common promoter in diverse human tissues and cell lines. J. Biol. Chem. 265, 13776-13781.
7. Faber, P.W., Van Rooij, H.C.J., van der Korput, H.A.G.M., Baarends, W.M., Brinkman, A.O., Grootegood, J.A. and Trapman, J. (1991) Characterization of the human androgen receptor transcription unit. J. Biol. Chem. 266, 10743-10749.
8. Takane, K.K., Wilson, J.D. and McPhaul, M.J. (1992) Decreased levels of the androgen receptor in the mature rat phallus are associated with decreased levels of androgen receptor messenger ribonucleic acid. Endocrinology 129, 1093-1100.
9. Graham, F.L. and van der Eb, A.J. (1973) A new technique for the assay of infectivity of human adenovirus 5 DNA. Virology 52, 456-467.
10. Hall, C., Jacob, P., Ringold, G.M. and Lee, F. (1983) Expression and regulation of Escherichia coli lacZ gene fusions in mammalian cells. J. Mol. Appl. Genet. 2, 101-109
11. Lowry, O.H., Rosebrough, N.J., Farr, A.L and Randall, R.J. (1951) Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J. Biol. Chem. 193, 265-275.
12. Gorman, C.M., Moffat, L.F. and Howard, B.H. (1982) Recombinant genomes which express chloramphenicol acetyltransfcrase in mammalian cells. Mol. Cell. Biol. 2, 1044-1051.
13. de Wet, J.R., Wood, K.V., DeLuca, M., Helinski, D.R. and Subramani, S. (1987) Firefly luciferase gene: structure and expression in mammalian cells. Mol. Cell. Biol. 7, 725-737.
14. Rosenthal, M. (1987) Identification of regulatory elements of cloned genes with functional assays. Methods Enzymol. 152, 704-720.
15. Landolfi, N.K., Capra, J.D. and Tucker, P.W. (1987) Protein-nucleotide contacts in the immunoglobulin heavy-chain promoter region. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84, 3851-3855.
16. Dignam, J.D., Lebovitz, R.M. and Roeder, R.G. (1983) Accurate transcription initiation by RNA polymerase II in a soluble extract from isolated mammalian nuclei. Nucleic Acids Res. 11, 1475-1489.
17. Krongrad, A., Wilson, C.M., Wilson, J.D., Allman, D.R. and McPhaul, M.J. (1991) Androgen increases androgen receptor protein while decreasing receptor mRNA in LNCaP cells. Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 76, 79-88.
18. Pongubala, J.M. and Atchison, M.L. (1991) Functional characterization of the developmentally controlled immunoglobulin kappa 3′ enhancers: regulation by Id, a repressor of helix-loop-helix transcription factors. Mol. Cell. Biol. 11, 1040-1047.
19. Wilson, R.B., Kiledjian, M., Shen, C.-P., Benezra, R., Zwollo, P., Dymecki, S.M., Desiderio, S.V. and Kadesch, T. (1991) Repression of immunoglobulin enhancers by the helix-loop-helix protein Id: implications for β-lymphoid-cell development. Mol. Cell. Biol. 11, 6185-6191.
20. Benezra, R., Davis, R.L., Lockshon, D., Turner, D.L. and Weintraub, H. (1990) The protein Id: a negative regulator of helix-loop-helix DNA binding proteins. Cell 6, 49-59.
21. Sun, X.-H., Copeland, N.G., Jenkins, N.A. and Baltimore, D. (1991) Id proteins Id1 and Id2 selectively inhibit DNA binding by one class of helix-loop-helix proteins. Mol. Cell. Biol. 11, 5603-5611.
22. Song, C.S., Her, S., Slomezynska, M., Choi, S.J., Jung, M.H., Roy, A.K. and Chatterjee, B. (1993) A distal activation domain is critical in the regulation of the rat androgen receptor gene promoter. Biochem. J. 294, 779-784.
23. Lindzey, J., Grossmann, M., Kumar, M.V. and Tindall, D.J. (1993) Regulation of the 5′-flanking region of the mouse andro-gen receptor gene by cAMP and androgen. Mol. Endocrinol. 7, 1530-1540.
24. Grossmann, M.E., Lindzey, J., Kumar, M.V. and Tindell, D.J. (1994) The mouse androgen receptor is suppressed by the 5′-untranslated region of the gene. Mol. Endocrinol. 8, 448-455.
25. Kumar, M.V., Jones, E.A., Grossmann, M.E., Blexrad, M.D. and Tindall, D.J. (1994) Identification and characterization of a suppressor element in the 5′-flanking region of the mouse androgen receptor gene. Nucleic Acids Res. 22, 3693-3698.
26. Faber P.W., Van Rooij, H.C.J., Schipper, H.J., Brinkmann, A.O. and Trapman, J. (1993). Two different, overlapping pathways of transcription initiation are active on the TATA less human androgen receptor promoter. J. Biol. Chem. 268, 296-301.
27. Mizokami, A. and Chang C. (1994) Induction of translation by the 5′-untranslated region of human androgen receptor mRNA. J. Biol. Chem. 269, 25655-25659.
28. Mizokami, A., Yeh, S.-Y. and Chang, C. (1994) Identification of 3′,5′-cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element and other cis-acting elements in the human androgen receptor gene promoter. Mol. Endocrinol. 8, 77-88.
29. Cullen, B.R. (1990) The HIV-1 tat protein: an RNA sequence-specific processivity factor? Cell 63, 655-657.
30. Quarmby, V.B., Yarbrough, W.O., Lubahn, D.B., French, F.S. and Wilson, E.M. (1990) Autologous down-regulation of androgen receptor messenger ribonucleic acid. Mol. Endocrinol. 4, 22-28.
31. Shan, L.-X., Rodriguez, M.C. and Jänne, O.A. (1990) Regulation of androgen receptor protein and mRNA concentrations by androgens in rat ventral prostate and seminal vesicles and in human hepatoma cells. Mol. Endocrinol. 4, 1636-1646.
32. Wolf, D.A., Herzinger, T., Hermeking, H., Blaschke, D. and Horz, W. (1993) Transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation of human androgen receptor expression by androgen. Mol. Endocrinol. 7, 924-936.
33. Dong, Y., Poellinger, E., Gustaffson, J.A. and Okret, S. (1988) Regulation of glucocorticoid receptor expression: evidence for transcriptional and post translational mechanisms. Mol. Endocrinol. 2, 1256-1264.
34. Burnstein, K.E., Jewell, C.M. and Cidlowski, J.A. (1990) Human glucocorticoid receptor cDNA contains sequences sufficient for receptor down-regulation. J. Biol. Chem. 265, 7284-729.
35. Alksnis, M., Barkhem, T., Stromstedt, P.E., Ahola, H., Kutoh, E.. Gustafsson, J.A., Poellingr, E. and Nilsson, S. (1991) High level expression of functional full length and truncated glucocorticoid receptor in Chinese hamster ovary cells J. Biol. Chem. 266, 10078-10085.
36. Saceda, M., Lippman, M., Chambon, P., Lindsey, R., Ponglikitmongkol, M., Puente, M. and Martin, M.B. (1988) Regulation of the estrogen receptor in MCF-7 cells by estradiol. Mol. Endocrinol. 2, 1157-1162.
37. CO and MCF-7 breast cancer cells Mol. Endocrinol. 3, 22-28.
38. Burnstein, K.L., Maiorino, C.A., Dai, J.L. and Cameron, D.J. (1995) Androgen and glucocorticoid regulation of androgen receptor cDNA expression. Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 115, 117-186.
39. Cordle, S.R., Henderson, E., Mashoka, H., Weil, P.A. and Stein, R. (1991) Pancreatic β-cell-type-specific transcription of the insulin gene is mediated by basic helix-loop-helix DNA-binding proteins. Mol. Cell. Biol. 11, 1734-1738.
40. Tapscott, S.J. and Weintraub, H. (1991) Myo D and the regulation of myogenesis by helix-loop-helix proteins. J. Clin. Invest. 87, 1133-1138.
41. Kadesch, T. (1993) Consequences of heteromeric interactions among helix-loop-helix proteins. Cell Growth Differentiation 4, 49-55.
42. Yokogama, C., Wang, X., Briggs, M.R., Admon, A., Wu, J., Hua, X., Goldstein, J.L. and Brown, M.S. (1993) SREBP-1, a basic-helix-loop-helix-leucine zipper protein that controls transcription of the low density lipoprotein receptor gene. Cell 75, 187-197.
43. Tilley, W.D., Wilson, C.M., Marcelli, M. and McPhaul, M.J. (1990) Androgen receptor gene expression in human prostate carcinoma cell lines. Cancer Res. 50, 5382-5386.