메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 70, Issue 6, 1996, Pages 3887-3893

Mechanisms of simian virus 40 T-antigen activation by phosphorylation of threonine 124

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

VIRUS ANTIGEN; VIRUS DNA;

EID: 0029941001     PISSN: 0022538X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1128/jvi.70.6.3887-3893.1996     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (29)

References (47)
  • 1
    • 0023908688 scopus 로고
    • Expression of simian virus 40 T antigen in Escherichia coli: Localization of T antigen origin DNA binding domain to within 129 amino acids
    • Arthur, A. K., A. Hoess, and E. Fanning. 1988. Expression of simian virus 40 T antigen in Escherichia coli: localization of T antigen origin DNA binding domain to within 129 amino acids. J. Virol. 62:1999-2006.
    • (1988) J. Virol. , vol.62 , pp. 1999-2006
    • Arthur, A.K.1    Hoess, A.2    Fanning, E.3
  • 2
    • 0024095899 scopus 로고
    • Localized melting and structural changes in the SV40 origin of replication induced by T-antigen
    • Borowiec, J. A., and J. HurwiTz. 1988. Localized melting and structural changes in the SV40 origin of replication induced by T-antigen. EMBO J. 7:3149-3158.
    • (1988) EMBO J. , vol.7 , pp. 3149-3158
    • Borowiec, J.A.1    Hurwitz, J.2
  • 3
    • 0023354678 scopus 로고
    • Consensus topography in the ATP binding site of the simian virus 40 and polyomavirus large tumor antigens
    • Bradley, M. K., T. F. Smith, R. H. Lathrop, D. M. Livingston, and T. A. Webster. 1987. Consensus topography in the ATP binding site of the simian virus 40 and polyomavirus large tumor antigens. Proc. Natl. Acad. SCi. USA 84:4026-4030.
    • (1987) Proc. Natl. Acad. SCi. USA , vol.84 , pp. 4026-4030
    • Bradley, M.K.1    Smith, T.F.2    Lathrop, R.H.3    Livingston, D.M.4    Webster, T.A.5
  • 4
    • 0028057834 scopus 로고
    • T-antigen kinase inhibits simian virus 40 DNA replication by phosphorylation of intact T antigen on serines 120 and 123
    • Cegielska, A., I. MoarefI, E. Fanning, and D. M. Virshup. 1994. T-antigen kinase inhibits simian virus 40 DNA replication by phosphorylation of intact T antigen on serines 120 and 123. J. Virol. 68:269-275.
    • (1994) J. Virol. , vol.68 , pp. 269-275
    • Cegielska, A.1    Moarefi, I.2    Fanning, E.3    Virshup, D.M.4
  • 5
    • 0028276611 scopus 로고
    • Different oligomeric forms of protein phosphatase 2A activate and inhibit simian virus 40 DNA replication
    • Cegielska, A., S. Shaffer, R. Derua, J. Goris, and D. M. Virshup. 1994. Different oligomeric forms of protein phosphatase 2A activate and inhibit simian virus 40 DNA replication. Mol. Cell. Biol. 14:4616-4623.
    • (1994) Mol. Cell. Biol. , vol.14 , pp. 4616-4623
    • Cegielska, A.1    Shaffer, S.2    Derua, R.3    Goris, J.4    Virshup, D.M.5
  • 6
    • 0020532658 scopus 로고
    • Biochemical activities of T-antigen proteins encoded by simian virus 40 A gene deletion mutants
    • Clark, R., K. Peden, J. M. Pipas, D. Nathans, and R. Tjian. 1983. Biochemical activities of T-antigen proteins encoded by simian virus 40 A gene deletion mutants. Mol. Cell. Biol. 3:220-228.
    • (1983) Mol. Cell. Biol. , vol.3 , pp. 220-228
    • Clark, R.1    Peden, K.2    Pipas, J.M.3    Nathans, D.4    Tjian, R.5
  • 7
    • 0009607249 scopus 로고
    • Simian virus 40 (SV40) DNA replication: SV40 large T antigen unwinds DNA containing the SV40 origin of replication
    • Dean, F. B., P. Bullock, Y. Murakami, R. Wobbe, L. Weissbach, and J. Hurwitz. 1987. Simian virus 40 (SV40) DNA replication: SV40 large T antigen unwinds DNA containing the SV40 origin of replication. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84:16-20.
    • (1987) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.84 , pp. 16-20
    • Dean, F.B.1    Bullock, P.2    Murakami, Y.3    Wobbe, R.4    Weissbach, L.5    Hurwitz, J.6
  • 8
    • 0022637859 scopus 로고
    • Functional interactions of the simian virus 40 core origin of replication with flanking regulatory sequences
    • DeLucia, A. L., S. Deb, K. Partin, and P. Tegtmeyer. 1986. Functional interactions of the simian virus 40 core origin of replication with flanking regulatory sequences. J. Virol. 57:138-144.
    • (1986) J. Virol. , vol.57 , pp. 138-144
    • DeLucia, A.L.1    Deb, S.2    Partin, K.3    Tegtmeyer, P.4
  • 9
    • 0023201251 scopus 로고
    • Unwinding of duplex DNA from the SV40 origin of replication by T antigen
    • Dodson, M., F. B. Dean, P. Bullock, H. Echols, and J. Hurwitz. 1987 Unwinding of duplex DNA from the SV40 origin of replication by T antigen. Science 238:964-967.
    • (1987) Science , vol.238 , pp. 964-967
    • Dodson, M.1    Dean, F.B.2    Bullock, P.3    Echols, H.4    Hurwitz, J.5
  • 10
    • 0026540613 scopus 로고
    • Simian virus 40 large T antigen: The puzzle, the pieces, and the emerging picture
    • Fanning, E. 1992. Simian virus 40 large T antigen: the puzzle, the pieces, and the emerging picture. J. Virol. 66:1289-1293.
    • (1992) J. Virol. , vol.66 , pp. 1289-1293
    • Fanning, E.1
  • 11
    • 0026724311 scopus 로고
    • Structure and function of simian virus-40 large tumor antigen
    • Fanning, E., and R. Knippers. 1992. Structure and function of simian virus-40 large tumor antigen. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 61:55-85.
    • (1992) Annu. Rev. Biochem. , vol.61 , pp. 55-85
    • Fanning, E.1    Knippers, R.2
  • 12
    • 0019401161 scopus 로고
    • Monoclonal antibodies specific for simian virus 40 tumor antigens
    • Harlow, E., L. V. Crawlbrd, D. C. Pim, and N. M. Williamson. 1981. Monoclonal antibodies specific for simian virus 40 tumor antigens. J. Virol. 39:861-869.
    • (1981) J. Virol. , vol.39 , pp. 861-869
    • Harlow, E.1    Crawlbrd, L.V.2    Pim, D.C.3    Williamson, N.M.4
  • 13
    • 0025244148 scopus 로고
    • The finger domain of simian virus 40 large T antigen controls DNA-binding specificity
    • Hoss, A., I. F. Moarefi, E. Fanning, and A. K. Arthur. 1990. The finger domain of simian virus 40 large T antigen controls DNA-binding specificity. J. Virol. 64:6291-6296.
    • (1990) J. Virol. , vol.64 , pp. 6291-6296
    • Hoss, A.1    Moarefi, I.F.2    Fanning, E.3    Arthur, A.K.4
  • 14
    • 0026562948 scopus 로고
    • Glycogen phosphorylase: Control by phosphorylation and allosteric effectors
    • Johnson, L. N. 1992. Glycogen phosphorylase: control by phosphorylation and allosteric effectors. FASEB J. 16:2274-2282.
    • (1992) FASEB J. , vol.16 , pp. 2274-2282
    • Johnson, L.N.1
  • 15
    • 2642699794 scopus 로고
    • Rapid and efficient site-specific mutagenesis without phenotypic selection
    • Kunkel, T. A. 1985. Rapid and efficient site-specific mutagenesis without phenotypic selection. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82:488-492.
    • (1985) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.82 , pp. 488-492
    • Kunkel, T.A.1
  • 16
    • 0024597678 scopus 로고
    • The zinc finger region of simian virus 40 large T antigen
    • Loeber, G., R. Parsons, and P. Tegtmeyer. 1989. The zinc finger region of simian virus 40 large T antigen. J. Virol. 63:94-100.
    • (1989) J. Virol. , vol.63 , pp. 94-100
    • Loeber, G.1    Parsons, R.2    Tegtmeyer, P.3
  • 17
    • 0026058683 scopus 로고
    • The zinc finger region of simian virus 40 large T antigen is needed for hexamer assembly and origin melting
    • Loeber, G., J. E. Stenger, S. Ray, R. E. Parsons, M. E. Anderson, and P. Tegtmeyer. 1991. The zinc finger region of simian virus 40 large T antigen is needed for hexamer assembly and origin melting. J. Virol. 65:3167-3174.
    • (1991) J. Virol. , vol.65 , pp. 3167-3174
    • Loeber, G.1    Stenger, J.E.2    Ray, S.3    Parsons, R.E.4    Anderson, M.E.5    Tegtmeyer, P.6
  • 18
    • 0024550638 scopus 로고
    • ATP-dependent assembly of double hexamers of SV40 T antigen at the viral origin of DNA replication
    • Mastrangelo, I. A., P. V. C. Hough, J. S. Wall, M. Dodson, F. B. Dean, and J. Hurwitz. 1989. ATP-dependent assembly of double hexamers of SV40 T antigen at the viral origin of DNA replication. Nature (London) 338:658-662.
    • (1989) Nature (London) , vol.338 , pp. 658-662
    • Mastrangelo, I.A.1    Hough, P.V.C.2    Wall, J.S.3    Dodson, M.4    Dean, F.B.5    Hurwitz, J.6
  • 19
    • 0022416976 scopus 로고
    • Monomers through trimers of large tumor antigen bind in region I and monomers through tetramers bind in region II of simian virus 40 origin of replication DNA as stable structures in solution
    • Mastrangelo, I. A., P. V. C. Hough, V. G. Wilson, J. S. Wall, J. F. Hainfeld, and P. Tegtmeyer. 1985. Monomers through trimers of large tumor antigen bind in region I and monomers through tetramers bind in region II of simian virus 40 origin of replication DNA as stable structures in solution. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82:3626-3630.
    • (1985) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.82 , pp. 3626-3630
    • Mastrangelo, I.A.1    Hough, P.V.C.2    Wilson, V.G.3    Wall, J.S.4    Hainfeld, J.F.5    Tegtmeyer, P.6
  • 20
    • 0019475699 scopus 로고
    • Binding of a simian virus 40 T antigen related protein to DNA
    • McKay, R. D. G. 1981. Binding of a simian virus 40 T antigen related protein to DNA. J. Mol. Biol. 145:471-488.
    • (1981) J. Mol. Biol. , vol.145 , pp. 471-488
    • McKay, R.D.G.1
  • 21
    • 0024430871 scopus 로고
    • Phosphorylation of large tumour antigen by cdc2 stimulates SV40 DNA replication
    • McVey, D., L. Brizuela, I. Mohr, D. R. Marshak, Y. Gluzman, and D. Beach. 1989. Phosphorylation of large tumour antigen by cdc2 stimulates SV40 DNA replication. Nature (London) 341:503-507.
    • (1989) Nature (London) , vol.341 , pp. 503-507
    • McVey, D.1    Brizuela, L.2    Mohr, I.3    Marshak, D.R.4    Gluzman, Y.5    Beach, D.6
  • 22
    • 0027268605 scopus 로고
    • Cdc2 phosphorylation of threonine 124 activates the origin-unwinding functions of simian virus 40 T antigen
    • McVey, D., S. Ray, Y. Gluzman, L. Berger, A. G. Wildeman, D. R. Marshak, and P. Tegtmeyer. 1993. cdc2 phosphorylation of threonine 124 activates the origin-unwinding functions of simian virus 40 T antigen. J. Virol. 67:5206-5215.
    • (1993) J. Virol. , vol.67 , pp. 5206-5215
    • McVey, D.1    Ray, S.2    Gluzman, Y.3    Berger, L.4    Wildeman, A.G.5    Marshak, D.R.6    Tegtmeyer, P.7
  • 23
    • 0024313960 scopus 로고
    • Properties of the DNA-binding domain of the simian virus large T antigen
    • McVey, D., M. Strauss, and Y. Gluzman. 1989. Properties of the DNA-binding domain of the simian virus large T antigen. Mol. Cell. Biol. 9:5525-5536.
    • (1989) Mol. Cell. Biol. , vol.9 , pp. 5525-5536
    • McVey, D.1    Strauss, M.2    Gluzman, Y.3
  • 25
    • 0024407779 scopus 로고
    • Production of simian virus 40 large tumor antigen in bacteria: Altered DNA-binding specificity and DNA-replication activity of underphosphorylated large tumor antigen
    • Mohr, I. J., M. P. Gluzman, M. Fairman, M. Strauss, D. McVey, B. Stillman, and R. Gerard. 1989. Production of simian virus 40 large tumor antigen in bacteria: altered DNA-binding specificity and DNA-replication activity of underphosphorylated large tumor antigen. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86:6479-6483.
    • (1989) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.86 , pp. 6479-6483
    • Mohr, I.J.1    Gluzman, M.P.2    Fairman, M.3    Strauss, M.4    McVey, D.5    Stillman, B.6    Gerard, R.7
  • 26
    • 0023079050 scopus 로고
    • Regulation of SV40 DNA replication by phosphorylation of T antigen
    • Mohr, I. J., B. Stillman, and Y. Gluzman. 1987. Regulation of SV40 DNA replication by phosphorylation of T antigen. EMBO J. 6:153-160.
    • (1987) EMBO J. , vol.6 , pp. 153-160
    • Mohr, I.J.1    Stillman, B.2    Gluzman, Y.3
  • 27
    • 0025096688 scopus 로고
    • Three domains in the simian virus 40 core origin orchestrate the binding, melting, and DNA helicase activities of T antigen
    • Parsons, R., M. E. Anderson, and P. Tegtmeyer. 1990. Three domains in the simian virus 40 core origin orchestrate the binding, melting, and DNA helicase activities of T antigen. J. Virol. 64:509-518.
    • (1990) J. Virol. , vol.64 , pp. 509-518
    • Parsons, R.1    Anderson, M.E.2    Tegtmeyer, P.3
  • 28
    • 0026587625 scopus 로고
    • Spacing is crucial for coordination of domain functions within the simian virus 40 core origin of replication
    • Parsons, R., and P. Teglmeyer. 1992. Spacing is crucial for coordination of domain functions within the simian virus 40 core origin of replication. J. Virol. 66:1933-1942.
    • (1992) J. Virol. , vol.66 , pp. 1933-1942
    • Parsons, R.1    Teglmeyer, P.2
  • 29
    • 0026076317 scopus 로고
    • Cooperative assembly of simian virus 40 T-antigen hexamers on functional halves of the replication origin
    • Parsons, R. E., J. E. Stenger, S. Ray, R. Welker, M. E. Anderson, and P. Tegtmeyer. 1991. Cooperative assembly of simian virus 40 T-antigen hexamers on functional halves of the replication origin. J. Virol. 65:2798-2806.
    • (1991) J. Virol. , vol.65 , pp. 2798-2806
    • Parsons, R.E.1    Stenger, J.E.2    Ray, S.3    Welker, R.4    Anderson, M.E.5    Tegtmeyer, P.6
  • 30
    • 0022640333 scopus 로고
    • Simian virus 40 origin DNA-binding domain on large T antigen
    • Paucha, E., D. Kalderon, R. W. Harvey, and A. E. Smith. 1986. Simian virus 40 origin DNA-binding domain on large T antigen. J. Virol. 57:50-64.
    • (1986) J. Virol. , vol.57 , pp. 50-64
    • Paucha, E.1    Kalderon, D.2    Harvey, R.W.3    Smith, A.E.4
  • 31
    • 0025348816 scopus 로고
    • The replication functions of SV40 T-antigen are regulated by phosphorylation
    • Prives, C. 1990. The replication functions of SV40 T-antigen are regulated by phosphorylation. Cell 61:735-738.
    • (1990) Cell , vol.61 , pp. 735-738
    • Prives, C.1
  • 32
    • 0027515316 scopus 로고
    • Phosphorylation and active ATP hydrolysis are not required for SV40 T-antigen hexamer formation
    • Reynisdottir, I., H. E. Lorimer, P. N. Friedman, E. H. Wang, and C. Prives. 1993. Phosphorylation and active ATP hydrolysis are not required for SV40 T-antigen hexamer formation. J. Biol. Chem. 268:24647-24654.
    • (1993) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.268 , pp. 24647-24654
    • Reynisdottir, I.1    Lorimer, H.E.2    Friedman, P.N.3    Wang, E.H.4    Prives, C.5
  • 33
    • 0022132079 scopus 로고
    • Seventeen base pairs of region I encode a novel tripartite binding signal for SV40 T antigen
    • Ryder, K., E. Vakalopoulou, R. Mertz, I. Mastrangelo, P. Hough, P. Tegtmeyer, and E. Fanning. 1985. Seventeen base pairs of region I encode a novel tripartite binding signal for SV40 T antigen. Cell 42:539-548.
    • (1985) Cell , vol.42 , pp. 539-548
    • Ryder, K.1    Vakalopoulou, E.2    Mertz, R.3    Mastrangelo, I.4    Hough, P.5    Tegtmeyer, P.6    Fanning, E.7
  • 34
    • 0026029622 scopus 로고
    • Protein phosphatase 2A dephosphorylates simian virus 40 large T antigen specifically at residues involved in regulation of DNA-binding activity
    • Scheidtmann, K. H., D. M. Virshup, and T. J. Kelly. 1991. Protein phosphatase 2A dephosphorylates simian virus 40 large T antigen specifically at residues involved in regulation of DNA-binding activity. J. Virol. 65:2098-2101.
    • (1991) J. Virol. , vol.65 , pp. 2098-2101
    • Scheidtmann, K.H.1    Virshup, D.M.2    Kelly, T.J.3
  • 35
    • 0023905494 scopus 로고
    • Mutations in the phosphorylation sites of simian virus 40 (SV40) T antigen alter its origin DNA-binding specificity for sites I or II and affect SV40 DNA replication activity
    • Schneider, J., and E. Fanning. 1988. Mutations in the phosphorylation sites of simian virus 40 (SV40) T antigen alter its origin DNA-binding specificity for sites I or II and affect SV40 DNA replication activity. J. Virol. 62:1598-1605.
    • (1988) J. Virol. , vol.62 , pp. 1598-1605
    • Schneider, J.1    Fanning, E.2
  • 36
    • 0021970530 scopus 로고
    • An immunoaffinity purification procedure for SV40 large T antigen
    • Simanis, V., and D. P. Lane. 1985. An immunoaffinity purification procedure for SV40 large T antigen. Virology 144:88-100.
    • (1985) Virology , vol.144 , pp. 88-100
    • Simanis, V.1    Lane, D.P.2
  • 37
    • 0022636307 scopus 로고
    • DNA-binding region of the simian virus 40 tumor antigen
    • Simmons, D. T. 1986. DNA-binding region of the simian virus 40 tumor antigen. J. Virol. 57:776-785.
    • (1986) J. Virol. , vol.57 , pp. 776-785
    • Simmons, D.T.1
  • 38
    • 0025320032 scopus 로고
    • Four major sequence elements of simian virus 40 large T antigen coordinate its specific and nonspecific DNA binding
    • Simmons, D. T., G. Loeber, and P. Tegtmeyer. 1990. Four major sequence elements of simian virus 40 large T antigen coordinate its specific and nonspecific DNA binding. J. Virol. 64:1973-1983.
    • (1990) J. Virol. , vol.64 , pp. 1973-1983
    • Simmons, D.T.1    Loeber, G.2    Tegtmeyer, P.3
  • 39
    • 0025151570 scopus 로고
    • Identification of simian virus 40 T-antigen residues important for specific and nonspecific binding to DNA and for helicase activity
    • Simmons, D. T., K. Wun-Kim, and W. Young. 1990. Identification of simian virus 40 T-antigen residues important for specific and nonspecific binding to DNA and for helicase activity. J. Virol. 64:4858-4865.
    • (1990) J. Virol. , vol.64 , pp. 4858-4865
    • Simmons, D.T.1    Wun-Kim, K.2    Young, W.3
  • 40
    • 0022160320 scopus 로고
    • T antigen and template requirements for SV40 DNA replication in vitro
    • Stillman, B. W., R. D. Gerard, R. A. Guggenbeiraer, and V. Gluzman. 1985. T antigen and template requirements for SV40 DNA replication in vitro. EMBO J. 4:2933-2939.
    • (1985) EMBO J. , vol.4 , pp. 2933-2939
    • Stillman, B.W.1    Gerard, R.D.2    Guggenbeiraer, R.A.3    Gluzman, V.4
  • 41
    • 0023202059 scopus 로고
    • Studies on the origin-specific DNA-binding domain of simian virus 40 large T antigen
    • Strauss, M., P. Argani, I. J. Mohr, and Y. Gluzman. 1987. Studies on the origin-specific DNA-binding domain of simian virus 40 large T antigen. J. Virol. 61:3325-3330.
    • (1987) J. Virol. , vol.61 , pp. 3325-3330
    • Strauss, M.1    Argani, P.2    Mohr, I.J.3    Gluzman, Y.4
  • 42
    • 0017853182 scopus 로고
    • The binding site on SV40 DNA for a T antigen-related protein
    • Tjian, R. 1978. The binding site on SV40 DNA for a T antigen-related protein. Cell 13:165-179.
    • (1978) Cell , vol.13 , pp. 165-179
    • Tjian, R.1
  • 43
    • 0026732848 scopus 로고
    • Mechanism of activation of simian virus 40 DNA replication by protein phosphatase 2A
    • Virshup, D. M., A. A. R. Russo, and T. J. Kelly. 1992. Mechanism of activation of simian virus 40 DNA replication by protein phosphatase 2A. Mol. Cell. Biol. 12:4883-4895.
    • (1992) Mol. Cell. Biol. , vol.12 , pp. 4883-4895
    • Virshup, D.M.1    Russo, A.A.R.2    Kelly, T.J.3
  • 44
    • 0342564930 scopus 로고
    • Initiation of simian virus 40 DNA replication in vitro: Large-tumor-antigen and origin-dependent unwinding of the template
    • Wold, M. S., J. J. Li, and T. J. Kelly. 1987. Initiation of simian virus 40 DNA replication in vitro: large-tumor-antigen and origin-dependent unwinding of the template. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84:3643-3647.
    • (1987) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.84 , pp. 3643-3647
    • Wold, M.S.1    Li, J.J.2    Kelly, T.J.3
  • 45
    • 0021736625 scopus 로고
    • Sequence-specific binding of simian virus 40 A protein to nonorigin and cellular DNA
    • Wright, P. J., A. L. Delucia, and P. Tegtmeyer. 1984. Sequence-specific binding of simian virus 40 A protein to nonorigin and cellular DNA. Mol. Cell. Biol. 4:2631-2638.
    • (1984) Mol. Cell. Biol. , vol.4 , pp. 2631-2638
    • Wright, P.J.1    Delucia, A.L.2    Tegtmeyer, P.3
  • 46
    • 0025271051 scopus 로고
    • Mapping of helicase and helicase substrate binding domains on simian virus 40 T antigen
    • Wun-Kim, K., and D. T. Simmons. 1990. Mapping of helicase and helicase substrate binding domains on simian virus 40 T antigen. J. Virol. 64:2014-2020.
    • (1990) J. Virol. , vol.64 , pp. 2014-2020
    • Wun-Kim, K.1    Simmons, D.T.2
  • 47
    • 0027363328 scopus 로고
    • The DNA-binding domain of simian virus 40 tumor antigen has multiple functions
    • Wun-Kim, K., R. Upson, W. Young, T. Melendy, B. Stillman, and D. T. Simmons. 1993. The DNA-binding domain of simian virus 40 tumor antigen has multiple functions. J. Virol. 67:7608-7611.
    • (1993) J. Virol. , vol.67 , pp. 7608-7611
    • Wun-Kim, K.1    Upson, R.2    Young, W.3    Melendy, T.4    Stillman, B.5    Simmons, D.T.6


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.