Regulation and interactions of transforming growth factor-β with cardiovascular cells: Implications for development and disease

Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology

Volumn 23, Issue 3, 1996, Pages 193-200

  Saltis, John ^a   Agrotis, Alex ^a   Bobik, Alex ^a,b  

^a ALFRED HOSPITAL   (Australia)

^b BAKER IDI HEART AND DIABETES INSTITUTE   (Australia)

Author keywords

angiogenesis; atherosclerosis; fibrocellular lesions; gene expression; hypertension; intracellular signalling; TGF receptors; transforming growth factor beta

Indexed keywords

TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA; TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA RECEPTOR;

ANGIOGENESIS; ANIMAL; ANIMAL CELL; ANIMAL MODEL; ANIMAL TISSUE; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; HUMAN TISSUE; HYPERTENSION; NONHUMAN; REVIEW;

EID: 0029938333     PISSN: 03051870     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1681.1996.tb02595.x     Document Type: Review

References (94)

1. Massagué J, Attisano L, Wrana JL. The TGF-β family and its composite receptors. Trends Cell Biol. 1994; 4: 172-8.
2. Roberts AB, Sporn MB. The transforming growth factor-betas. In: Sporn MB, Roberts AB (eds). Peptide Growth Factors and their Receptors, Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg. 1992; pp. 419-72.
3. Kingsley DM. The TGF-β superfamily: New members, new receptors and new genetic tests of function in different organisms. Genes Dev. 1994; 8: 133-46.
4. Roberts AB, Sporn MB. Physiological actions and clinical applications of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). Growth Factors 1993; 8: 1-9.
5. Border WA, Ruoslahti E. Transforming growth factor-beta in disease: The dark side of tissue repair. J. Clin. Invest. 1992; 90: 1-7.
6. Daopin S, Piez KA, Ogawa Y, Davies DR. Crystal structure of transforming growth factor-beta2: An unusual fold for the superfamily. Science 1992; 257: 369-73.
7. Schlunegger MP, Grutter MG. An unusual feature revealed by the crystal structure at 2.2Å resolution of human transforming growth factor-2β. Nature 1992; 358: 430-4.
8. Gentry LE, Webb NR, Lim GJ et al. Type I transforming growth factor beta: Amplified expression and secretion of mature and precursor polypeptides in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Mol. Cell. Biol. 1987; 7: 3418-28.
9. 1. EMBO J. 1991; 10: 1091-101.
10. Antonelli-Olridge A, Saunders KB, Smith SR, D'Amore PA. An activated form of transforming growth factor beta is produced by cocultures of endothelial cells and pericytes. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 1989; 86: 4544-8.
11. Jullien P, Berg TM, Lawrence DA. Acidic cellular environment: activation of latent TGF-β and sensitization of cellular responses to TGF-β and EGF. Int. J. Cancer 1989; 43: 886-91.
12. Sato Y, Rifkin DB. Inhibition of endothelial cell movement by pericytes and smooth muscle cells: Activation of a latent transforming growth factor-β like molecule by plasmin during coculture. J. Cell Biol. 1989; 109: 309-15.
13. 1 by plasmin. J. Cell Biol. 1990; 110: 1361-7.
14. Schultz-Cherry S, Murphy-Ullrich JE. Thrombospondin causes activation of latent transforming growth factor-β secreted by endothelial cells by a novel mechanism. J. Cell Biol. 1993; 122: 923-32.
15. 1 gene activation and growth of smooth muscle from hypertensive rats. Hypertension 1994; 23: 593-9.
16. 1 is mediated by the AP-I complex. Mol. Cell. Biol. 1990; 10: 1492-7.
17. 1 gene expression by the product of the retinoblastoma-susceptibility gene. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 1991; 88: 3052-6.
18. 1 transforming growth factor gene expression: A corrected mRNA structure reveals a downstream phorbol ester responsive element in human cells. J. Biol. Chem. 1990; 265: 2203-8.
19. Kim S-J, Park K, Koeller D et al. Post-transcriptional regulation of the human transforming growth factor-beta 1 gene. J. Biol. Chem. 1992; 267: 702-7.
20. 3 promoter: A cAMP-responsive element regulates basal and induced transcription. J. Biol. Chem. 1990; 265: 19 128-36.
21. 2 gene expression and growth arrest in the human androgen-independent prostate carcinoma cell line PC-3. Proc. Natl Acad Sci. USA 1992; 89: 3556-60.
22. 2 promoter. J. Biol. Chem. 1992; 267: 19938-43.
23. 3 promoters by transcription factor Sp1. Gene 1993; 129: 223-8.
24. 1 through a specific promoter element in PC 12 cells. J. Biol. Chem. 1994; 269: 3739-44.
25. Massagué J. The transforming growth factor-β family. Annu. Rev. Cell Biol. 1990; 6: 597-641.
26. Roberts AB, Roche NS, Winokur TS et al. Role of transforming growth factor-β in maintenance of function of cultured neonatal cardiac myocytes. J. Clin. Invest. 1992; 90: 2056-62.
27. López-Casillas F, Payne HM, Andres JL, Massagué J. Betaglycan can act as a dual modulator of TGF-β access to signalling receptors: Mapping of ligand binding and GAG attachment sites. J. Cell Biol. 1994; 124: 557-68.
28. Lin HY, Moustakas A. TGF-β receptors: Structure and function. Cell. Mol. Biol. 1994; 40: 337-49.
29. Wrana JL, Attisano L, Wieser R, Ventura F, Massagué J. Mechanism of activation of the TGF-β receptor. Nature 1994; 370: 341-7.
30. Xu J, Matsuzaki K, McKeehan K et al. Genomic structure and cloned cDNAs predict that four variants in the kinase domain of serine/threonine kinase receptors arise by alternative splicing and poly (A) addition. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 1994; 91: 7957-61.
31. Johnson DE, Williams LT. Structural and functional diversity in the FGF receptor multigene family. Adv. Cancer Res. 1993; 60: 1-41.
32. Brand T, MacLellan RW, Schneider MD. A dominant-negative receptor for type β transforming growth factors created by deletion of the kinase domain. J. Biol. Chem. 1993; 268: 11500-3.
33. Massagué J, Cheifetz S, Laiho M et al. Transforming growth factor-β. Cancer Surveys 1992; 12: 81-103.
34. Laiho M, DeCaprio JA, Ludlow JW et al. Growth inhibition by TGF-β linked to suppression of retinoblastoma protein phosphorylation. Cell 1990; 62: 175-85.
35. 1 inhibition of c-myc transcription and growth in keratinocytes is abrogated by viral transforming proteins with pRB binding domains. Cell 1990; 61: 777-85.
36. Ewen M, Sluss HK, Whitehouse LL, Livingston DM. TGF-β inhibition of Cdk4 synthesis is linked to cell cycle arrest. Cell 1993; 74: 1009-20.
37. Koff A, Ohtsuki M, Polyak K et al. Negative regulation of G1 in mammalian cells: Inhibition of cyclin E-dependent kinase by TGF-β. Science 1993; 260: 536-9.
38. Koike M, Ishino K, Huk N, Kuroki T. Growth inhibition of SV40-transformed human keratinocytes by TGF-β is not linked to dephosphorylation of the Rb gene product. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 1994; 201: 673-81.
39. kip1, a cyclin-Cdk inhibitor, links transforming growth factor-β and contact inhibition to cell cycle arrest. Genes Dev. 1994; 8: 9-22.
40. 1 on growth of aortic smooth muscle cells. Atherosclerosis 1991; 88: 227-34.
41. 1 potentiates growth factor stimulated proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells in genetic hypertension. Am. J. Physiol. 1992; 263: C420-8.
42. 1 is a powerful modulator of platelet-derived growth factor action in vascular smooth muscle cells. J. Cell. Physiol. 1992; 150: 232-42.
43. 1 induces α-smooth muscle actin expression in granulation tissue myofibroblasts and in quiescent and growing cultured fibroblasts. J. Cell Biol. 1993; 122: 103-11.
44. Heino J, Ignotz RA, Hemler ME, Grouse C, Massagué. Regulation of cell adhesion receptors by transforming growth factor-β. J. Biol. Chem. 1989; 264: 380-8.
45. Ignotz RA, Massagué J. Cell adhesion protein receptors as targets for transforming growth factor-β action. Cell 1987; 51: 189-97.
46. Bobik A, Campbell JH. Vascular-derived growth factors: Cell biology, pathophysiology and pharmacology. Pharmacol. Rev. 1993; 45: 1-42.
47. Rossi P, Karsenty G, Roberts A et al. A nuclear factor I binding site mediates the transcriptional activation of a type I collagen promoter by transforming growth factor-β. Cell 1988; 52: 405-14.
48. Ritzenthaler JD, Goldstein RH, Fine A, Smith BD. Regulation of the α1(I) collagen promoter via a transforming growth factor-β activation element. J. Biol. Chem. 1993; 268: 13625-31.
49. 1 stimulate fibronectin gene expression through a cAMP response element. Kidney Int. 1994; 46: 1019-24.
50. 1 inhibition of transin/stromelysin gene expression is mediated through a Fos binding sequence. Cell 1990; 61: 267-78.
51. 2+ oscillations in cardiac myocytes. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm. 1994; 204: 678-84.
52. Brillantes A-MB, Ondrias AS, Kobrinsky E et al. Stabilization of calcium release channel (ryanodine receptor) function by FK506-binding protein. Cell 1994; 77: 513-23.
53. Wang T, Donahue PK, Zervos AS. Specific interaction of type I receptors of the TGF-β family with the immunophillin FKBP-12. Science 1994; 265: 674-6.
54. 3 suggest different developmental functions in vivo. Development 1991; 111: 131-44.
55. 2, and TGF-β3 in the mouse embryo: Expression pattern suggests multiple roles during embryonic development. J. Cell Biol. 1991; 115: 1091-105.
56. Slager HG, van Inzen W, van den Eijnden-van Raaij AJM, Mummery CL. TGF-β in the early mouse embryo: implications for the development of muscle formation and implantation. Dev. Genet. 1993; 14: 212-24.
57. Akhurst RJ, Fitzpatrick DR, Fowlis DJ et al. The role of TGF-betas in mammalian development and neoplasia. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 1992; 32: 127-35.
58. 2 in the early mouse embryo suggests an involvement in cardiac development. Development 1993; 117: 625-39.
59. 1 null mice. Science 1994; 264: 1936-8.
60. Risau W, Sariola H, Zerwer H-G et al. Vasculogenesis and angiogenesis in embryonic-stem-cell-derived embryoid bodies. Development 1988; 102: 471-8.
61. Poole TJ, Coffin, JD. Vasculogenesis and angiogenesis: Two distinct morphogenetic mechanisms establish embryonic vascular pattern. J. Exp. Zool. 1989; 251: 224-31.
62. 1 in porcine heart: Enhanced expression after chronic coronary artery constriction. J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol. 1991; 23: 1051-62.
63. Sharma HS, Wünsch M, Brand T et al. Molecular biology of the coronary vascular and myocardial responses to ischemia. J. Cardiovasc. Res. 1992; 20 (Suppl 1): S23-31.
64. Thompson NL, Baboberry F, Speir EH et al. Transforming growth factor-beta 1 in acute myocardial infarction in rats. Growth Factors 1988; 1: 91-9.
65. 1 in infarcted rat heart. Cell Reg. 1991; 2: 241-9.
66. Boluyt MO, O'Neill L, Meredith AL et al. Alterations in cardiac gene expression during the transition from stable hypertrophy to heart failure. Circ. Res. 1994; 75: 23-32.
67. Waltenberger J, Wanders A, Fellström B et al. Induction of transforming growth factor-β during cardiac allograft rejection. J. Immunol. 1993; 151: 1147-57.
68. Waltenberger J, Kundin L, Oberg K et al. Involvement of transforming growth factor-β in the formation of fibrotic lesions in carcinoid heart disease. Am. J. Pathol. 1993; 142: 71-8.
69. Owens GK. Control of hypertrophic versus hyperplastic growth of vascular smooth muscle cells. Am. J. Physiol. 1989; 257: H1755-65.
70. Chobanian AV. 1989 Corcoran lecture: Adaptive and maladaptive responses of the arterial wall to hypertension. Hypertension 1990; 15: 666-74.
71. Owens GK, Geisterfer AAT, Wang YW-H, Komoriya A. Transforming growth factor-β-induced growth inhibition and cellular hypertrophy in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells. J. Cell Biol. 1988; 107: 771-80.
72. Sarzani R, Brecher P, Chobanian AV. Growth factor expression in aorta of normotensive and hypertensive rats. J. Clin. Invest. 1989; 83: 1404-8.
73. Sarzani R, Arnaldi G, Takasaki I et al. Effects of hypertension and aging on platelet-derived growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor receptor in rat aorta and heart. Hypertension 1991; 18 (Suppl. III): III93-9.
74. Black MJ, Adams MA, Bobik A et al. Effect of enalapril on aortic smooth muscle polyploidy in the spontaneously hypertensive rat. J. Hypertension 1989; 7: 997-1003.
75. Dilley R, Oddie C, Kanellakis P, Bobik A. Vascular hypertrophy in renal hypertensive spontaneously hypertensive rats. Hypertension 1994; 24: 8-15.
76. Pauletto P, Chiavegato A, Giuriato L et al. Hyperplastic growth of aortic smooth muscle cells in renovascular hypertensive rabbits is characterised by an expansion of an immature cell phenotype. Circ. Res. 1994; 74: 774-88.
77. Botney MD, Bahadori L, Gold LI. Vascular remodelling in primary pulmonary hypertension: Potential role for transforming growth factor-β. Am. J. Pathol. 1994; 144: 286-95.
78. 1, fibronectin and collagen. Am. J. Physiol. 1992; 262: H1861-6.
79. Ross R. The pathogenesis of atherosclerosis: A perspective for the 1990s. Nature 1993; 362: 801-9.
80. Grainger DJ, Kemp PR, Liu AC et al. Activation of transforming growth factor-β is inhibited in transgenic apolipoprotein (a) mice. Nature 1994; 370: 460-2.
81. Grainger DJ, Kirschenlohr HL, Metcalfe JC et al. Proliferation of human smooth muscle cells promoted by lipoprotein (a). Science 1993; 260: 1655-8.
82. 1 is increased in human vascular restenosis lesions. J. Clin. Invest. 1992; 90: 1582-92.
83. 1 during repair of arterial injury. J. Clin. Invest. 1991; 88: 904-10.
84. Clowes AW, Clowes MM, Au YPT et al. Smooth muscle cells express urokinase during mitogenesis and tissue-type plasminogen activator during migration in injured rat carotid artery. Circ. Res. 1990; 67: 61-7.
85. Bendeck MP, Zempo N, Clowes AW et al. Smooth muscle cell migration and matrix metalloproteinase expression after arterial injury in the rat. Circ. Res. 1994; 74: 539-45.
86. 1 gene into arteries stimulates fibrocellular hyperplasia. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 1993; 90: 10759-63.
87. 1 suppress intimai hyperplasia in a rat model. J. Clin. Invest. 1994; 93: 1172-8.
88. Roberts AB, Sporn MB, Assoian RK et al. Transforming growth factor type β: Rapid induction of fibrosis and angiogenesis in vivo and stimulation of collagen formation in vitro. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 1986; 83: 4167-71.
89. Fiegel VD, Knighton DR. Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) causes indirect angiogenesis by recruiting monocytes. FASEB J. 1988; 2: A1601.
90. Sunderkotter C, Stéinbrink K, Gocbeler M et al. Macrophages and angiogenesis. J. Leukoc. Biol. 1994; 55: 410-22.
91. Madri JA, Pratt BM, Tucker AM. Phenotypic modulation of endothelial cells by transforming growth factor-β depends upon the composition and organisation of the extracellular matrix. J. Cell Biol. 1988; 106: 1375-84.
92. 1 in in vitro angiogenesis. Exp. Cell Res. 1993; 204: 356-63.
93. 1 with multiple repeat sequences. Cell 1990; 61: 1051-61.
94. Saltis J, Bobik A. Developmentally regulated transforming growth factor-β responses on vascular smooth muscle growth in SHR. J. Hypertens. 1996 (in press).