Positron emission tomography and single photon emission computed tomography

Current Opinion in Neurology

Volumn 9, Issue 2, 1996, Pages 89-92

  Theodore, William H ^a  

^a NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AMINE OXIDASE (FLAVIN CONTAINING) ISOENZYME B; BENZODIAZEPINE RECEPTOR; CYSTEINE ETHYL ESTER TC 99M; ENDORPHIN; FLUORODEOXYGLUCOSE F 18; HEXAMETHYLPROPYLENE AMINE OXIME TECHNETIUM TC 99M; MU OPIATE RECEPTOR; OPIATE RECEPTOR;

BRAIN BLOOD FLOW; BRAIN MAPPING; EPILEPSY; HUMAN; LANGUAGE; MEMORY; POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; RECEPTOR BINDING; SHORT SURVEY; SINGLE PHOTON EMISSION COMPUTER TOMOGRAPHY;

EID: 0029936053     PISSN: 13507540     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00019052-199604000-00005     Document Type: Short Survey

References (37)

1. Jack CR, Mullan BP, Sharbrough FW, Cascino GD, Hauser MF, Krecke KN, Luetmer PH, Trenerry MR, O'Brien PC, Parisi JE: Intractable nonlesional epilepsy of temporal lobe origin: lateralization by interictal SPECT versus MRI. Neurology 1994, 44:829-836.
2. Manno EM, Sperling MR, Ding X, Jaggi J, Alavi A, O'Connor MJ, Reivich M: Predictors of outcome after temporal lobectomy: positron emission tomography. Neurology 1994, 44:2331-2336.
3. Ho SS, Berkovic SF, Berlangieri SU, Newton MR, Egan GF, Tochon-Danguy HJ, McKay WJ: Comparison of ictal SPECT and interictal PET in the presurgical evaluation of temporal lobe epilepsy. Ann Neurol 1995, 37: 738-745.
4. Theodore WH, Gaillard WD, Sato S, Kufta C, Leiderman D: PET measurement of cerebral blood flow and temporal lobectomy. Ann Neurol1994, 36:241-244.
5. Gaillard WD, White S, Malow B, Flamini R, Weinstein S, Sato S, Kufta C, Schiff S, Devinsky O, Fazilat S, et al.: FDG-PET in children and adolescents with epilepsy: role in epilepsy surgery evaluation. Epilepsy Res 1995, 20:77-84.
6. Hajek M, Antonini A, Leenders KL, Wieser WG: Mesiobasal versus lateral temporal lobe epilepsy: metabolic differences in the temporal lobe shown by interictal; 18F-FDG positron emission tomography. Neurology 1993, 43:79-86.
7. Sperling MR, Alavi A, Reivich M, French JA, O'Connor MJ: False lateralization of temporal lobe epilepsy with FDG positron emission tomography. Epilepsia 1995, 36:722-727. Visual interpretation suggested false lateralization of hypometabolism in two patients with right mesial temporal seizure onset who did well after right temporal lobectomy. One was thought to have diffuse left-sided hypometabolism, the other left lateral temporal hypometabolism. For the first patient, unrecognized continuous asymptomatic right amygdalar seizure activity occurring during the scan might have led to the false conclusion that left-sided metabolism was decreased, rather than right-sided activity increased. For the other, quantitative analysis showed conflicting mesial and lateral temporal asymmetry not appreciated on visual inspection, a clue to technical difficulties with the scan. This study shows the importance of concurrent electroencephalogram monitoring during PET and of quantitation in interpreting the results.
8. Radtke RA, Hanson MW, Hoffman JM, Heinz ER, Walczak TS, Lewis DV, Coleman RE, Friedman AF: Positron emission tomography: comparison of clinical utility in temporal lobe and extra-temporal epilepsy. J Epilepsy 1994, 7:27-33.
9. Swartz BE, Khonsari A, Brown C, Mandelkern M, Simpkins F, Krisdakumtorn T: Improved sensitivity of 18FDG-positron emission tomography scans in frontal and 'frontal plus' epilepsy. Epilepsie 1995, 36:388-395. The authors studied 23 patients with presumed frontal foci, comparing routine visual and quantitative approaches. On visual image interpretation, sensitivity and accuracy were 52% and 48%. When anatomically normalized images were analyzed quantitatively, and regional metabolic rates compared with normal control individuals, regions < 2SD being considered positive, sensitivity was 96%, accuracy 78%. Only 1 out of 11 foci in nonlesional cases detected visually, compared with 9 out of 11 quantitatively.
10. Newton MR, Berkovic SF, Austin MC, Rowe CC, McKay WJ, Bladin PF: SPECT in the localization of extra-temporal and temporal seizure foci. J Neurol Neurosur Psychiatry 1995, 59:26-30. Ictal, postictal, and interictal SPECT were compared in 177 patients with partial epilepsy. In temporal foci, ictal SPECT (97% correct localization) was superior to postictal (71% correct) and interictal SPECT (48% correct). Similarly, in patients with known or suspected extra-temporal epilepsy, ictal SPECT was 92% but postictal only 46% diagnostic. Interictal SPECT was of little value.
11. Ho SS, Berkovic SF, Newton MR, Austin MC, McKay WJ, Bladin PF: Parietal lobe epilepsy: clinical features and seizure localization by ictal SPECT. Neurology 1995, 44:2277-2284.
12. Chugani HT, Shewmon DA, Shields WD, Sankar R, Comair Y, Vinters HV, Peacock WJ: Surgery for intractable infantile spasms: imaging perspectives. Epilepsia 1993, 34:764-771.
13. Carmant I, O'Tuama LA, Roach PJ, Kramer U, Mikati MA, Riviello JJ, Helmers SL, Madsen JR, Black PM, Lombroso CT, et al.: Technetium-99m HMPAO brain SPECT and outcome of hemispherectomy for intractable seizures. Pediatr Neurol 1994, 11:203-207.
14. Lee N, Radtke RA, Gray L, Burger PC, Montine TJ, DeLong GR, Lewis DV, Oakes WJ, Friedman AJ, Hoffman JM: Neuronal migration disorders: positron emission tomography correlations. Ann Neurol 1994, 35: 290-297.
15. Gaillard WD, Bhatia S, Bookheimer SY, Fazilat S, Sato S, Theodore WH: FDG-PET and MRI volumetry in partial seizure focus localization. Neurology 1995, 45:123-127.
16. Semah F, Baulac M, Hasboun D, Frouin V, Mangin J, Papageorgiou S, Leroy-Willig A, Philippon J, Laplane D, Samson Y: Is interictal temporal hypometabolism related to mesial temporal sclerosis? A positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging confrontation. Epilepsia 1995, 36:447-456.
17. 18F-2-deoxyglucose PET scan and neuronal density of resected hippocampi in 40 patients. None had hypometabolism contralateral to the lobectomy side. There was a weak but significant relation between hippocampal neuronal loss and hemispheric hypometabolism on the operated side. Other mechanisms must account for regional interictal hypometabolism.
18. Sloviter RS: The functional organization of the hippocampal dentate gyrus and its relevance to the pathogenesis of temporal lobe epilepsy. Ann Neurol 1994, 35:640-654.
19. Gaillard WD, Fazilat S, White S, Malow B, Sato S, Reeves P, Herscovitch P, Theodore WH: Interictal metabolism and blood flow are uncoupled in temporal lobe cortex of patients with partial epilepsy. Neurology 1995, 45:1841-1848.
20. Pardridge WM: Glucose transport and phosphorylation: which is rate limiting for brain glucose utilization?. Ann Neurol 1994, 35:511-512.
21. Cornford EM, Hyman S, Swartz BE: The human brain glut1 glucose transporter: ultrastructural localization to the blood-brain barrier endothelia. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 1994, 14:106-112.
22. Hajek M, Wieser HG, Khan N, Antonini A, Schrott PR, Maguire P, Beer H, Leenders KL: Preoperative and postoperative glucose consumption in mesiobasal and lateral temporal lobe epilepsy. Neurology 1994, 44: 2125-2132.
23. 2O and positron emission tomography. Epilepsia (in press).
24. Leidermann DB, Albert P, Balish M, Bromfield E, Theodore, WH: The dynamics of metabolic change following seizures as measured by positron emission tomography with 18-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose. Arch Neurol 1994, 51:932-936.
25. 15O and PET. Neurology 1995, 45:1396-1402.
26. Chugani HT, Rintahaka PJ, Shewmon DA: Ictal patterns of cerebral glucose utilization in children with epilepsy. Epilepsia 1994, 35:813-822.
27. Burdette DE, Sakuri SY, Henry TR, Ross DA, Pennell PB, Frey KA, Sackellares JC, Albin RL: Temporal lobe central benzodiazepine binding in unilateral mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. Neurology 1995, 45:934-942. Quantitative autoradiography was performed on temporal specimens of 11 patients with epilepsy and six control individuals 21 h after death. In the anterior mesial temporal region, decreased benzodiazepine binding to both type 1 and type 2 sites (both are present in HF, 2 > 1) correlated with neuronal cell counts. Cell loss and decreased binding were particularly prominent in hippocampal CA 1 regions adjacent to CA 2. Lateral temporal binding was diffusely increased, particularly in cortical lamellae 5 and 6. This study suggests that loss of hippocampal neurons, rather than downregulated binding, explains PET reports of decreased RO 15-1788 activity in mesial temporal foci.
28. Kumlien E, Bergstrom M, Lilja AA, Andersson J, Szekeres V, Westerberg C, Westerberg G, Antoni G, Langstrom B: Positron emission tomography with 11C-deuterium-deprenyl in temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsia 1995, 36:712-721.
29. Peyron R, Cinotti L, Le Bars D, Garcia-Larrea L, Galy G, Landais P, Millet P, Lavenne F, Froment JC, Krogsgaard-Larsen P et al.: Effects of GABAA receptors activation on brain glucose metabolism in normal subjects and temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) patients. A positron emission tomography (PET) study. Part II: The focal hypometabolism is reactive to GABAA agonist administration in TLE. Epilepsy Res 1994 19:55-62.
30. Prevett MC, Lammertsma AA, Brooks DJ, Cunningham VJ, Fish DR, Duncan JS: Benzodiazepine GABA-a receptor binding during absence seizures. Epilepsia 1995, 36:592-599.
31. Prevett MC, Cunningham VJ, Brooks DJ, Fish DR, Duncan JS: Opiate receptors in idiopathic generalized epilepsy measured with 11C-diprenorphine and positron emission tomography. Epilepsy Res 1994, 19:71-77.
32. Victoreff JI, Benson DF, Grafton ST, Engel J Jr, Mazziotta JC: Depression in complex partial seizures: electroencephalography and cerebral metabolic correlates. Arch Neurol 1994, 51:155-163
33. Rausch R, Henry TR, Ary C, Engel J Jr, Mazziotta J: Asymmetric interictal glucose hypometabolism and cognitive performance in epileptic patients. Arch Neurol 1994, 51:139-144.
34. Swartz B, Simpkins F, Halgren E, Mandelkern M, Gee M, Kristakumtorn T: Cortical activation by an abstract visual memory task in frontal and primary generalized epilepsy. Neurology 1995, 45(suppl 4): A264.
35. Pardo JV, Fox PT: Preoperative assessment of the cerebral hemispheric dominance for language with CBF PET. Hum Brain Map 1993, 1: 57-68.
36. 15O-water positron emission tomography. Neurology 1995, 45(suppl 4): A295-A296.
37. Bookheimer SY, Zeffiro TA, Theodore W, Malow B, Blaxton T, Sato S, Gaillard W: Multimodality functional imaging for language localization in epilepsy. Neurology 1993, 43(suppl 4): A193.