Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring: Methodologic issues

American Journal of Nephrology

Volumn 16, Issue 3, 1996, Pages 190-201

  Prisant, L M ^a   Bottini, P B ^a   Carr, A A ^a  

^a MEDICAL COLLEGE OF GEORGIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Ambulatory blood pressure; Blood pressure determination; Blood pressure monitors; Diagnosis; Hypertension

Indexed keywords

AMBULATORY MONITORING; ARTICLE; AUSCULTATION; BLOOD PRESSURE MEASUREMENT; BLOOD PRESSURE MONITORING; DEVICE; DIASTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE; HYPERTENSION; OSCILLOMETRY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SAFETY; SLEEP DISORDER;

EID: 0029930895     PISSN: 02508095     EISSN: 14219670     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1159/000168998     Document Type: Article

References (118)

1. llinman AT, Engel BT, Bickford AF: Portable blood pressure recorder: accuracy and preliminary use in evaluating inlradaily variations in pressure. Am Heart J 1962:63:663-668.
2. Harshfield GA, Pickering TG, Laragh JH: A validation study of the Del Mar Avionics Ambulatory blood pressure system. Ambulat Elec-irocardiol 1979:1:7-12.
3. The Fifth Report of the Joint National Committee on Detection. Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. Arch Intern Med 153: 154-183.
4. Hunt JC, Frohlich ED, Moser M, Roccella EJ, Keighley EA: Devices used for sclf-measure-ment of blood pressure. Revised statement of the National High Blood Pressure Education Program. Arch Intern Med 1985:145:2231-2234.
5. American College of Physicians: Automated ambulatory blood pressure and self-measured blood pressure monitoring devices: their role in the diagnosis and management of hypertension. Ann Intern Med 1993:118:889-892.
6. The National High Blood Pressure Education Program Coordinating Committee: National High Blood Pressure Education Program Working Group report on ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. Arch Intern Med 1990: 150:2270-2280.
7. Draycr JIM, Weber MA, De Young JL: BP as a determinant of cardiac left ventricular mass. Arch Intern Med 1983; 143:90-92.
8. Devereux RB, Pickering TG, Harshfield GA, Klcineri HD, Dcnby L, Clark L, Pregibon D. et al: Left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with hypertension: importance of blood pressure response lo regularly recurring stress. Circulation 1983:68:470-476.
9. Prisant LM, Carr AA: Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and cchocardiographic left ventricular wall thickness and mass. Am J Hy-pertens 1990:3:81-89.
10. White WB, Dey HM, Schulman P: Assessment of the daily blood pressure load as a determinant of cardiac function in patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension. Am Heart.1 1989: 118:782-795.
11. Verdecchia P, Schillaci G, Boldrini F, Guerrieri M, Gatteschi C, Benemio G, Porccllati C: Risk stratification of left ventricular hypertrophy in systemic hypertension using noninvasive ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. Am J Cardiol 1990:66:583-590.
12. Opsahl JA, Abraham PA, Halstenson CE, Keane WF: Correlation of oflice and ambulatory blood pressure measurements with urinary albumin and.V-acetyl-beta-D-glueosaminidase excretions in essential hypertension. Am J Hv-pertens 1988:1:117S-120S.
13. Giaconi S, Levanti C, l ommei E, Innoccnti F, Seghieri G, Palla I, Palombo C. et al: Microalbuminuria and casual and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in normotensivcs and in patients with borderline and mild essential hypertension. Am J Hypertens 1989:2:259-261.
14. Shimada K, Kawamoto A, Matsubayashi K, Ozawa T: Silent cerebrovascular disease in the elderly. Correlation with ambulatory pressure. Hypertension 1990:16:692-699.
15. Asmar RG, Brunei PC, Pannier BM, Lacollcy PJ, Safar ME: Arterial distensibility and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in essential hypertension. Am J Cardiol 1988:61:1066-1070.
16. Krakotf LR, Eison H, Phillips RH, Leiman SJ, Lev S: Effect of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring on the diagnosis and cost of treatment for mild hypertension. Am Heart J 1988: 116:1152-1154.
17. Krakoff LR: Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring can improve cost-efTective management of hypertension. Am J Hypertens I993;6:220S-224S.
18. Carr AA, Bottini I’B, Prisant LM: Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring for evaluation and management of hypertensives: effect on outcome and cost effectiveness. J Clin Pharmacol 1992:32:610-613.
19. Sheps SG: Cost considerations of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. J Hypertens 1990: 8(Suppl 6)S29-S31.
20. Littler WA, Honour AJ, Sleight P, Stott FD: Continuous recording of dirrcct arterial pressure and electrocardiogram in unrestricted man. BMJ 1972:3:76-78.
21. Drayer JL, Weber MA, Nakamura DK: Automated ambulatory blood pressure monitoring: a study in age-matched normotensivc and hypertensive men Am Heart J 1985:109:1334-1338.
22. Clark LA, Denby L, Pregibon D, Harshfield GA, Pickering TG, Blank S, Laragh JH: A quantitative analysis of the effects of activity and time of day on the diurnal variations of blood pressure. J Chronic Dis 1987:40:671-681.
23. Pickering TG: The influence of daily activity on ambulatory blood pressure. Am Heart J 1988: 116:1141-1145.
24. Pickering TG, James GD, Boddie C, Harshfield GA, Blank S, Laragh JH: How common is white coat hypertension? JAMA 1988:259:225-228
25. White WB: Assessment of patients with ollice hypertension by 24-hour noninvasive ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. Arch Intern Med 1986:146:2196-2199.
26. Pickc-ing TG: Differing perspectives on white coat hypertension. Arch Intern Med 1992:1992: 691-692.
27. Mancia G, Parati G, Pomidossi G, Grassi A, Cas-adei R, Zanchetti A: Alerting reaction and rise in blood pressure during measurement by physician and nurse. Hypertension 1987:9:209-215.
28. Waeber B, desCombes BJ, Porchcl M, Biollaz J, Schaller MD, Brunner HR: Ambulatory blood pressure recording to identify hypertensive patients who truly need therapy. J Chronic Dis 1984;37:55-57.
29. Alderman MH, Ooi WL, Madhavan S, Cohen H: Blood pressure reactivity predicts myocardial infarction among treated hypertensive patients. J Clin Epidemiol 1990:43:859-866.
30. Julius S, Mejia A, Jones K, Krause L, Schork N, van de Ven C, Johnson E, ct al: 'White coat' versus ‘sustained' borderline hypertension in Tec-umseh. Michigan. Hypertension 1990:16: 617-623.
31. Bailey RH, Bauer JH: A review of common errors in the indirect measurement of blood pressure. Sphygmomanometry. Arch Intern Med 1993:153:2741-2748.
32. American Society of Hypertension: Recommendations for routine blood pressure measurement by indirect cull'sphygmomanometry. Am J Hypertens 1992:5:207-209.
33. Perlof TD, Grim C, Flack J, Frohlich ED, Hill M, McDonald M, Morgenstern BZ. et al; Human blood pressure determination by sphygmomanometry. Circulation 1993:88:2460-2470
34. Bottini PB, Carr AA, Prisant LM, Rhoades RB: Variability and similarity of manual oflice and automated blood pressures. J Clin Pharmacol 1992:32:614-619.
35. Bailey RH, Knaus VL, Bauer JH: Aneroid sphygmomanometers. An assessment of accuracy at a university hospital and clinics. Arch Intern Med 1991:151:1409-1412.
36. Pickering TG, Cvetkovski B, James GD: An evaluation of electronic recorders for self-mon-itoring of blood pressure. J Hypertens 1986: 4(Suppl. 5):328-330.
37. O'Brien E, Mee F, Atkins N, O'Malley K: Inaccuracy of seven popular sphygmomanometers for home measurement of blood pressure. J Hypertens 1990;8:621-634.
38. Pannarale G, Bebb G, Clark S, Sullivan A. Foster C. Coats AJS: Bias and variability in blood pressure measurement with ambulatory recorders. Hypertension 1993:22:591-598.
39. Santucci S, Cates EM, James GD, Schussel YR, Steiner D, Pickering TG: A comparison of two ambulatory blood pressure monitors, the Del Mar Avionics Prcssuromeler IV and the Space-labs 90202. Am J Hypertens 1989:2:797-799.
40. James GD, Pickering TG: The influence of behavioral factors on the daily variation of blood pressure. Am J Hypertens 1993:6:170S-173S.
41. Berardi L, Chau NP, Chanudet X, Vilar J, Lar-roque P: Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring: a critical review of the current methods to handle outliers. J Hypertens 1992:10:1243-1248.
42. Prisant LM, Carr AA, Henke JS, Futrclle ES: Use of a personal computer with an automatic noninvasive ambulatory blood pressure monitoring device. Cathct Cardiovasc Diagn 1985: 11:97-103.
43. Staessen JA, Fagard R, Tliijs L, Amery A: Fourier analysis of blood pressure profiles. Am J Hypertens 1993:6:1848-187S.
44. Stanton A, Cox J, Atkins N, O'Malley K, O'Brien E: Cumulative sums in quantifying circadian blood pressure patterns. Hypertension 1992:19:93-101.
45. Parati G, di Ricnzo M, Omboni S, Castiglioni P, Frattola A, Mancia C: Spectral analysis of 24h blood pressure recordings. Am J Hypertens 1993:6:188S-193S.
46. The Scientific Committee: Consensus document on non-invasive ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. J Hypertens 1990:8:135-140.
47. West JN, Townend JN, Davies P, Sheridan JJ, Stallard TJ, Davies MK, Littler WA: Effect of unrestricted activity on accuracy of ambulatory blood pressure measurement. Hypertension 1991:18:593-597.
48. White WB, Lund-Johansen P, Omvik P: Assessment of four ambulatory blood pressure monitors and measurements by clinicians versus intraartcrial blood pressure at rest and during exercise. Am J Cardiol 1990:65:60-66.
49. Crcevy PC, Burris JI, Mroczek WJ, Phlebitis associated with noninvasive 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitor (letter), JAMA 1985:254.
50. While WB: The Rumpel- Lcedc sign associated with a noninvasive ambulatory blood pressure monitor [letter], JAMA 1985:253.
51. Burris JF, Brinkley RR, Riggs MC, Mroczek WJ: Adverse events associated with 24-hour ambulatory sphygmomanometry [letter], JAMA 1988:260:2508-2509.
52. Bottini PB, Rhoades RB, Carr AA, Prisant LM: Mechanical trauma and acute neuralgia associated with automated ambulatory blood pressure monitoring [letter]. Am J Hypertens 1991:288.
53. Degaute JP, van dc Borne P, Kerkhofs M, Dramaix M, Linkowski P: Does non-invasive ambulatory blood pressure monitoring disturb sleep'?.! Hyperten 1992:10:879-885.
54. Schwan A, Eriksson G: Ell'cct on sleep-but not on blood pressure of nocturnal non-invasive blood pressure monitoring. J Hypertens 1992: 10:189-194.
55. Parati G, Pomidossi G, Casadei R, Malaspina D, Colombo A, Ravogli A, Mancia G: Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring does not interfere with the hacmodynamic effects of sleep. J Hypertens l985:3(Suppl. 2):S107-S109.
56. Staessen JA, Fagard RH, Lijnen PJ, Thijs L, Van Hoof R, Amery AK: Mean and range of the ambulatory pressure in normotensive subjects lrom a meta-analysis of 23 studies. Am.1 Cardiol 1991:67:723-727.
57. O’Brien E, Murphy J, Tyndall A, Atkins N, Mee F, McCarthy G, Staessen J, et al: Twenty-four-hour ambulatory blood pressure in men and women aged 17 to 80 years: the Allied Irish Bank Study. J Hypertens 1991:9:355-360.
58. Zachariah PK, Sheps SG, Bailey KR, Wiltgen CM, Moore AG: Age-related characteristics of ambulatory blood pressure load and mean blood pressure in normotensive subjects. JAMA 1991:265:1414-1417.
59. Staessen JA, O'Brien ET, Atkins N, Amery AK, on behalf of the Ad-Hoc Working Group: Ambulatory blood pressure in normotensive compared with hypertensive subjects. J Hypertens 1993:11:1289-1297.
60. Imai Y, Nagai K, Sakuma M, Sakuma H, Na-katsuka H, Satoh H, Minami N, et al: Ambulatory blood pressure of adults in Ohasama. Japan. Hypertension 1993:22:900-912.
61. Zachariah PK, Sheps SG, Ilstrup DM, Long CR, Bailey KR, Wiltgen CM, Carlson CA: Blood pressure load a better determinant of hypertension. Mayo Clin Proc 1988:63:1085-1091.
62. Zachariah PK. Sumner III WE: The clinical utility of blood pressure load in hypertension. Am J Hypertens 1993:6:194S-197S.
63. Prisant I.M, Carr AA, Bottini PB, Thompson WO, Rhoades RB: Repeatability of automated ambulatory blood pressure measurements, J Fam Pract 1992:34:569-574.
64. Palatini P, Penzo M, Racioppa A, Zugno E, Guzairdi G, Anaclerio M, Pessina AC: Clinical relevance of nighttime blood pressure and daytime blood pressure variability. Arch Intern Med 1992:152:1855-1860.
65. Frattola A, Parati G, Cuspidi C, Albini F, Mancia G: Prognostic value of 24-hour blood pressure variability. J Hypertens 1993:11:1133-1137.
66. O'Brien E, Sheridan J, O'Malley K: Dippers and non-dippers. Lancet 1988:ii:397.
67. Imai Y, Abe K, Munakata M, Sakuma H, Ha-shimoto J, Imai K, Sekino H. et al.: Docs ambulatory blood pressure monitoring improve the diagnosis of secondary hypertension? J Hypertens Suppl 1990:8:S71-S75.
68. Pickering TG: The clinical significance of diurnal blood pressure variations. Dippers and nondippers. Circulation 1990:81:700-702.
69. Verdecchia P, Schillaci G, Guerricri M, Gattes-chi C, Bcnemio G, Boldrini F, Porcellati C: Circadian blood pressure changes and left ventricular hypertrophy in essential hypertension. Circulation 1990:81:528-536.
70. Kobrin I, Oigman W, Kumar A, Ventura HO, Messerli FH, Frohlich ED, Dunn PG: Diurnal variation of blood pressure in elderly patients with essential hypertension. J Am Gcrialr Soc 1984:32:896-899.
71. Prisant LM, Bottini PB, Carr AA: Clinical utility of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in target organ complications and equipment choices. J Clin Pharmacol 1992:32:620-626.
72. Gretlcr DD, Fumo MT, Nelson KS, Murphy MB: Ethnic differences in circadian hemodynamic profile. Am J Hypertens 1994:7:7-14.
73. Harshfield GA, Alperl BS, Willey F.S, Somes GW Murphy JK. Dupaul LM: Race and gender influence ambulatory blood pressure patterns of adolescents. Hypertension 1989:14:598-603.
74. Harshfield GA, Hwang C, Grim CE: Circadian variation of blood pressure in blacks: influence of age. gender and activity. J Hum Hypertens 1990:4:43-47.
75. Prisant LM, Thompson WO, Bottini PB, Carr AA, Rhoades R: Racial aspects of ambulatory blood pressure. J Hum Hypertens 1991:5:369-373.
76. Rowlands DB, De Giovanni J, McLcay RAB,-Watson RDS, Stallard TJ, Littler WA: Cardiovascular response in black and white hypertensives. Hypertension 1982:4:817-820.
77. Brigdcn GS, Whittington J, Broadburst PA, Hebcr MH, Raftery FB: Racial characteristics does not affect diurnal variation in blood pressure and heart rate. J Hypertens 1990: 8(Suppl. 3):588.
78. Fumo MT, Teegcr S, Lang RM, Bodnar/ J, Sar-cli P, Murphy MB: Diurnal blood pressure variation and cardiac mass in American blacks and whites and South African blacks. Am J Hypertens 1992:5:111-116.
79. Pickering TG, James GD: Determinants and consequences of the diurnal rhythm of blood pressure. Am J Hypertens I993:6:166S-169S.
80. Staesscn J, Celis H, De Con P, Fagard R, Thijs L, Amery A: Methods for describing the diurnal blood pressure curve. J Hypertens 1991: 9(Suppl. 8):S16-S18.
81. Mallion JM, deGaudemaris R, Siche JP, Maitrc A, Pitiot M: Day and night blood pressure values in normotensive and essential hypertensive sub jects assessed by twenty-for-hour ambulatory monitoring. J Hypertens 1990: 8(Suppl. 6):S49-S55.
82. Verdecchia P, Schillaci G, Porcellati C: Dippers versus non-dippers. J Hypertens 1991: 9(Suppl. 8):S42-S44.
83. Wong Chung MY, Smits P, Lenders JWM, Thicn T. Reproducibility of the blood pressure fall at night in healthy normotensive volunteers. J Hypertens l99l:9(Suppl. 6):S324-S325.
84. O'Brcin E, Cox J, O'Malley K: The role of twenty-four-hour ambulatory blood pressure measurement in clinical practice. J Hypertens Suppl 1991;9:S63-S65.
85. Mancia G, Omboni S, Parati G, Trazzi S, Mutti E: Limited reproducibility of hourly blood pressure values obtained by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring: implications for studies on antihypertensive drugs. J Hypertens 1992:10: 1531-1535.
86. Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation: American National Standard for Electronic or Automated Sphygmomanometers. Arlington. Virginia. Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation. 1992.
87. While WB, Berson AS, Robbins C, Jamieson MJ, Prisant LM, Roccella E, Sheps SG: National standard for measurement of resting and ambulatory blood pressures with automated sphygmomanometers. Hypertension 1993:21: 504-509.
88. Bland JM, Altman DG: Statistical methods for assessing agreement betweenl wo methods of clinical measurement. Lancet 1986:i:307-310.
89. O’Brien E, Petrie J, Littler W, de Swiet M, Padlield PL, O'Malley K, Jamieson M, et al.: The British Hypertension Society protocol for the evaluation of automated and semi-auto-mated blood pressure measuring devices with special reference to ambulatory systems. J Hypertens 1990:8:607-619.
90. Hansen K W, Orskow H: A plea for consistent reliability in ambulatory blood pressure monitors: a reminder. J Hypertens 1992:10:1313-1315.
91. Coats AJS, Clark SJ: British Hypertension Protocol. J Hypertens 1991:9:575.
92. O'Brien E, Petrie J, Littler W, de Swiet M, Padlield PL, Altman DG, Bland M, et al.: An outline of the revised British Hypertension Society protocol for evaluation of blood pressure measuring devices. J Hypertens 1993:11: 677-679.
93. Graettinger WF, Lipson JL, Cheung DG, Weber M A: Validation of portable noninvasive blood pressure monitoring devices: comparisons with intra-arterial and sphygmomanometer measurements. Am Heart J 1988:116: 1155-1160.
94. Parati G, Groppelli A, Omboni S, Trazzi S, Frattola A, Mancia G: Testing the accuracy of blood pressurre monitoring devices in ambulatory conditions. J Hypertens Suppl 1991.9.S7-S9.
95. O'Brien E, Atkins N, Sheridan J, Killeen C, Costerrloe R, Shane L, O'Malley K: Evaluation of the Accutraker 11 non-invasive ambulatory blood pressure recorder according to the A AM I Standard. J Ambulat Monitoring 1991:4:27-33.
96. Jamieson MJ, Fowler G, MacDonald TM, Webster J, Witte K, Lawson L, Crichton W, ct al.: Bench and ambulatory field evaluation of the A & D TM-2420 automated sphygmomanometer. J Hypertens 1990:8:599-605.
97. Harshlicld GA, Hwang C, Grin CF.: A validation study of the Del Mar Avionics Pressuro-mctcr IV according to AAMI guidelines. J Hypertens 1988:6:913-918.
98. O'Brien E, Mce F, Atkins N, O'Malley K: Accuracy of the Del Mar Avionics Prcssuro-metcr IV determined by the British Hypertension Society Protocol. J Hypertens 1991:9: 567-568.
99. O'Brien E. Mee F. Atkins N. O'Malley K: Accuracy of the Takeda TM-2420/TM-2020 determined by the British Hypertension Society Protocol. J Hypertens 1991:9:571-572.
100. O’Brien E, Mee F, Atkins N, O'Malley K: Accuracy of the SpaceLabs 90207 determined by the British Hypertension Society Protocol. J Hypertens 1991:9:573-574.
101. O'Brien E, Atkins N, Mee F, O'Malley K: Comparative accuracy of six ambulatory devices according to blood pressure levels. J I ly-pertens 1993; 11:673-675.
102. Conway J, Johnston J, Coats A, Somers V, Sleight P: The use of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring to improve the accuracy and reduce the numbers of subjects in clinical trials of antihypertensive agents. J Hypertens 1988: 6:111-116.
103. Des Combes BJ, Porchet M, Waeber B, Brunner HR: Ambulatory blood pressure recordings. Reproducibility and unpredictability. Hypertension 1984:6:C110-C114.
104. Drayer JIM, Weber MA: Reproducibility of blood pressures in normotensive subjects. Clin Exp Hypertens 1985:7:417-422.
105. James GD, Pickering TG, Yee LS, Harshfield GA, Riva S, Laragh JH: The reproducibility of average ambulatory, home, and clinic pressures. Hypertension 1988:11:545-549.
106. Vaissc B, Delage Y, Poggi L: Ambulatory blood pressure, reproducibility, variability and change, placebo effect. Arch Mai Coeur Vaiss 1991:3:37-39.
107. Weber MA, Drayer JL Nakamura DK, Wylc FA: The circadian blood pressure pattern in ambulatory normal subjects. Am J Cardiol 1984:54:115-119.
108. Bottini PB, Carr AA, Rhoades RB, Prisant LM: Variability of indirect methods used to determine blood pressure. Office vs mean 24-hour automated blood pressures. Areh Intern Med 1992:152:139-144.
109. Gould BA, Mann S, Davies AB, Altman DG, Raftery EB: Can placebo therapy influence arterial blood pressure'.’ Cli Sci 1981:61:478s-490s.
110. Dupont AG, van dor Nicpcn P, Six RO: Placebo does not lower ambulatory' blood pressure. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1987:24:106-109.
111. Reeves R A, Leenen FH, Joyner CD: Reproducibility of nurse-measured, exercise and ambulatory blood pressure and cchocardographic left ventricular mass in borderline hypertension. J Hypertens 1992;10:1249-1256.
112. Pcrloff D, Sokolow M, Cowan R, The prognostic value of ambulatory blood pressures. JAMA 1983:249:2792-2798.
113. Clement DL: Office versus ambulatory recordings of blood pressure (OvA): a European mul-licentcr study. The Steering Committee. J Hypertens 1990;8(Suppl. 6):S39-S41.
114. Clement DL, De Buyzere M, Duprez DD: Ambulatory blood pressure and prognosis: summary of ongoing studies. J Hypertens 1991:9(Suppl. 8):S51-S53.
115. Zachariah PK, Krier J, Schwartz GL: Orthostatic hypotension and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. J Hypertens Suppl 1991:9: S78-S80.
116. Pickering TG, O'Brien E: Second international consensus meeting on tw enty-four-hour ambulatory blood pressure measurement: consensus and conclusions. J Hypertens Suppl 1991:9:S2-S6.
117. Appel LJ, Stason W B: Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and blood pressure self-measurement in the diagnosis and management of hypertension. Ann Intern Med 1993;118: 867-882.
118. Weber MA, Tonkon MJ, Klein RC: Blood pressure monitoring for assessing the duration of action of antihypertensive treatment. J Clin Pharmacol 1987:27:751-755.