Functional characterization of the V1V2 region of human immunodeficiency virus type I

Virology

Volumn 220, Issue 2, 1996, Pages 436-449

  Palmer, C ^a   Balfe, P ^b   Fox, D ^a   May, J C ^b   Frederiksson, R ^c   Fenyo E M ^c   McKeating, J A ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF READING   (United Kingdom)

^b ROYAL FREE AND UNIVERSITY COLLEGE MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United Kingdom)

^c KAROLINSKA INSTITUTE   (Sweden)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

VIRUS GLYCOPROTEIN; ZIDOVUDINE;

ARTICLE; CLINICAL ARTICLE; DNA SEQUENCE; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS 1; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; MALE; MOLECULAR CLONING; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; VIRUS PATHOGENESIS;

HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS 1;

EID: 0029929738     PISSN: 00426822     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1006/viro.1996.0331     Document Type: Article

References (61)

1. Andeweg, A. C., Leeflang, P., Osterhaus, A. D., and Bosch, M. L. (1993). Both the V2 and V3 regions of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 surface glycoprotein functionally interact with other envelope regions in syncytium formation. J. Virol. 67, 3232-3239.
2. Åsjö, B., Morfeldt-Manson, L., Albert, J., Biberfeld, G., Karlsson, A., Lidman, K., and Fenyo, E. M. (1986). Replicative properties of human immunodeficiency virus from patients with varying severity of HIV infection. Lancet ii, 660-662.
3. Back, N. K. J. T., Smit, L., de-Jong, J., Keulen, W., Schutten, M., Goudsmit, J., and Tersmette, M. (1994). An N-glycan within the human immunodeficiency virus type I gp120 V3 loop affects virus neutralization. Virology 199, 431-438.
4. Ball, J. K., Holmes, E. C., Whitwell, H., and Desselberger, U. (1994). Genomic variation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1): Molecular analyses of HIV-1 in sequential blood samples and various organs obtained at autopsy. J. Gen. Virol. 75, 867-879.
5. Bosch, M. L., Andeweg, A. C., Schipper, R., and Kenter, M. (1994). Insertion of N-linked glycosylation sites in the variable regions of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 surface glycoprotein through AAT triplet reiteration. J. Virol. 68, 7566-7569.
6. Boyd, M. T., Simpson, G. R., Cann, A. J., Johnson, M. A., and Weiss, R. A. (1993). A single amino acid substitution in the V1 loop of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120 alters cellular tropism. J. Virol. 67, 3649-3652.
7. Chesebro, B., Wehrly, K., Nishio, J., and Perryman, S. (1992). Macrophage-tropic human immunodeficiency virus isolates from different patients exhibit unusual V3 envelope sequence homogeneity in comparison with T-cell tropic isolates: Definition of critical amino acids involved in cell tropism. J. Virol. 66, 6547-6554.
8. Clapham, P. R., McKnight, A., and Weiss, R. A. (1992). Human immunodeficiency virus type 2 infection and fusion of CD4-negative cell lines7 Induction and enhancement by soluble CD4. J. Virol. 66, 3531-3537.
9. Connor, R. I., and Ho, D. D. (1994). Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 variants with increased replicative capacity develop during the asymptomatic stage before disease progression. J. Virol. 68, 4400-4408.
10. De-Jong, J. J., De-Ronde, A., Keulen, W., Tersmette, M., and Goudsmit, J. (1992). Minimal requirements for the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 V3 domain to support the syncytium-inducing phenotype: Analysis by single amino acid substitution. J. Virol. 66, 6777-6780.
11. Donaldson, Y. K., Bell, J. E., Holmes, E. C., Hughes, E. S., Brown, H. K., and Simmonds, P. (1994). In vivo distribution and cytopathology of variants of HIV-1 showing restricted sequence variability in the V3 loop. J. Virol. 68, 5991-6005.
12. Felsenstein, J. (1993). "PHYLIP (Phylogeny Inference Package)," version 3.5c. Distributed by the author. Department of Genetics, University of Washington, Seattle.
13. Fenyö, E. M. (1993). Viral phenotype and severity of HIV-1 infection: Are children different from adults? AIDS 7, 1673-1674.
14. Fouchier, R. A., Groenink, M., Kootstra, N. A., Tersmette, M., Huisman, H. G., Miedema, F., and Schuitemaker, H. (1992). Phenotype-associated sequence variation in the third variable domain of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120 molecule. J. Virol. 66, 3183-3187.
15. Freed, E. O., and Martin, M. A. (1994). Evidence for a functional interaction between the V1/V2 and C4 domains of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope glycoprotein gp120. J. Virol. 68, 2503-2512.
16. Gao, F., Morrison, S. G., Robertson, D. L., Thornton, C. L., Craig, S., Karlsson, G., Sodroski, J., Morgado, M., Galvao-Castro, B., von Briesen, H., Beddows, S., Weber, J., Sharpe, P. M., Shaw, G. M., Hahn, B. H., and the WHO and NIAID Networks for HIV Isolation and Characterization (1996). Molecular cloning and analysis of functional envelope genes from human immunodeficiecny virus type I sequence subtypes A through G. J. Virol. 70, 1651-1667.
17. Garnier, J., Osguthorpe, D., and Robson, B. (1978). Analysis of the accuracy and implications of simple methods for predicting the secondary structure of globular proteins. J. Mol. Biol. 120, 97-120.
18. Gorny, M. K., Moore, J. P., Conley, A. J., Karwowska, S., Sodroski, J., Williams, C., Burda, S., Boots, L. J., and Zolla-Pazner, S. (1994). Human anti-V2 monoclonal antibody that neutralizes primary but not laboratory isolates of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. J. Virol. 68, 8312-8320.
19. Gram, G. J., Hemming, A., Bolmstedt, A., Jansson, B., Olofsson, S., Akerblom, L., Nielson, L., and Hansen, J. E. S. (1994). Identification of an N-linked glycan in the V1 loop of HIV-1 gp120 influencing neutralisation by anti-V3 antibodies and soluble CD4. Arch. Virol. 139, 253-261.
20. Groenink, M., Andeweg, A. C., Fouchier, R. A., Broersen, S., van-der-Jagt, R. C., Schuitemaker, H., de-Goede, R. E., Bosch, M. L., Huisman, H. G., and Tersmette, M. (1992). Phenotype-associated env gene variation among eight related human immunodeficiency virus type 1 clones: Evidence for in vivo recombination and determinants of cytotropism outside the V3 domain. J. Virol. 66, 6175-6180.
21. Groenink, M., Fouchier, R. A., Broersen, S., Baker, C. H., Koot, M., van't-Wout, A. B., Huisman, H. G., Miedema, F., Tersmette, M., and Schuitemaker, H. (1993). Relation of phenotype evolution of HIV-1 to envelope V2 configuration. Science 260, 1513-1516.
22. Hasegawa, M., Kishino, H., and Yano, T. (1985). Dating of the human-ape splitting by a molecular clock of mitochondrial DNA. J. Mol. Evol. 22, 160-174.
23. Higgins, D. G., Bleasby, A. J., and Fuchs, R. (1992). CLUSTAL V: Improved software for multiple sequence alignment. Comput. Appl. Biosci. 8, 189-191.
24. Holmes, E. C., Leigh Brown, A. J., and Simmonds, P. (1993). Sequence data as evidence. Nature 364, 766.
25. Holmes, E. C., Zhang, L. Q., Simmonds, P., Ludlam, C. A., and Leigh Brown, A. J. (1992). Convergent and divergent sequence evolution in the surface envelope glycoprotein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 within a single infected patient. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89, 4835-4839.
26. Hwang, S. S., Boyle, T. J., Lyerly, H. K., and Cullen, B. R. (1991). Identification of the envelope V3 loop as the primary determinant of cell tropism in HIV-1. Science 253, 71-74.
27. Karlsson, A., Parsmyr, K., Sandstrom, E., Fenyo, E. M., and Albert, J. (1994). MT-2 cell tropism as prognostic marker for disease progression in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection. J. Clin. Microbiol. 32, 364-370.
28. Kayman, S. C., Wu, Z., Revesz, K., Chen, H., Kopelman, R., and Pinter, A. (1994). Presentation of native epitopes in the V1/V2 and V3 regions of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120 by fusion glycoproteins containing isolated gp120 domains. J. Virol. 68, 400-410.
29. Koito, A., Harrowe, G., Levy, J. A., and Cheng-Mayer, C. (1994). Functional role of the V1/V2 region of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope glycoprotein gp120 in infection of primary macrophages and soluble CD4 neutralization. J. Virol. 68, 2253-2259.
30. Koito, A., Stamatatos, L., and Cheng-Mayer, C. (1995). Small amino acid sequence changes within the V2 domain can affect the function of a T-cell line tropic human immunodeficiency virus type I envelope gp120. Virology 206, 878-884.
31. Koot, M., Vos, A. H. V., Keet, R. P. M., de Goede, R. E., Dercksen, M. W., Terpstra, F. G., Coutinho, R. A., Miedema, F., and Tersmette, M. (1992). HIV-1 biological phenotype in long term infected individuals, evaluated with an MT-2 cocultivation assay. AIDS 6, 49-54.
32. Korber, B. T., Kunstman, K. J., Patterson, B. K., Furtado, M., McEvilly, M. M., Levy, R., and Wolinsky, S. M. (1994). Genetic differences between blood- and brain-derived viral sequences from human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected patients: Evidence of conserved elements in the V3 region of the envelope protein of brain-derived sequences. J. Virol. 68, 7467-7481.
33. Korber, B., and Myers, G. (1992). Signature pattern analysis: A method for assessing viral sequence relatedness. AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 8, 1549-1560.
34. Kunkel, T. A. (1985). Rapid and efficient site-specific mutagenesis without phenotypic selection. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82, 488-492.
35. Lamers, S. L., Sleasman, J. W., She, J. X., Barrie, K. A., Pomeroy, S. M., and Goodenow, M. M. (1993). Independent variation and positive selection in env V1 and V2 domains within maternal-infant strains of human immunodeficiency virus type I in vivo. J. Virol. 67, 3951-3960.
36. LaRosa, G. J., Davide, J. P., Weinhold, K., Waterbury, J. A., Profy, A. T., Lewis, J. A., Langlois, A. J., Dreesman, G. R., Boswell, R. N., Shadduck, P., Holley, L. H., Karplus, M., Bolognesi, D. P., Matthews, T. J., Emini, E. A., and Putney, S. D. (1990). Conserved sequence and structural elements in the HIV-1 principal neutralizing determinant. Science 249, 932-935.
37. Leonard, C. K., Spellman, W. M., Riddle, L., Harris, R. J., Thomas, N. J., and Gregory, J. T. (1990). Assignment of intrachain disulfide bonds and characterization of potential glycosylation sites of type 1 recombinant human immunodeficiency virus envelope glycoprotein gp120 expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells. J. Biol. Chem. 265, 10373-10382.
38. Malykh, A., Reitz, M. S., Louie, A., and Lori, F. (1995). Multiple determinants for growth of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in monocyte macrophages. Virology 206, 646-650.
39. McKeating, J. A., Cordell, J., Dean, C. J., and Balfe, P. (1992). Synergistic interaction between ligands binding to the CD4 binding site and V3 domain of human immunodeficiency virus type I gp120. Virology 191, 732-742.
40. McKeating, J. A., Bennett, J., Zolla-Pazner, S., Schutten, M., Ashelford, S., Leigh Brown, A. J., and Balfe, P. (1993a). Resistance of a human serum selected human immunodeficiency virus type 1 escape mutant to neutralization by CD4 binding site monoclonal antibodies is conferred by a single amino acid change in gp120. J. Virol. 67, 5216-5225.
41. McKeating, J. A., Shotton, C., Cordell, J., Graham, S., Balfe, P., Sullivan, N., Charles, M., Page, M., Bolmstedt, A., and Olofsson, S. (1993b). Characterization of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies to linear and conformation-dependent epitopes within the first and second variable domains of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120. J. Virol. 67, 4932-4944.
42. Modrow, S., Hahn, B. H., Shaw, G. M., Gallo, R. C., Wong-Staal, F., and Wolf, H. (1987). Computer assisted analysis of envelope protein sequences of seven human immunodeficiency virus isolates: Prediction of antigenic epitopes in conserved and variable regions. J. Virol. 61, 570-578.
43. Moore, J. P., McKeating, J. A., Jones, I. M., Stephens, P. E., Clements, G., Thomson, S., and Weiss, R. A. (1990). Characterisation of recombinant gp120 and gp160 from HIV-1: Binding to monoclonal antibodies and sCD4. AIDS 4, 307-315.
44. Moore, J. P., Sattentau, Q. J., Yoshiyama, H., Thali, M., Charles, M., Sullivan, N., Poon, S-W., Fung, M. S., Traincard, F., Pincus, S., Robey, G., Robinson, J. E., Ho, D. D., and Sodroski, J. (1993). Probing the structure of the V2 domain of human immunodeficiency virus type I surface glycoprotein gp120 with a panel of eight monoclonal antibodies: Human immune response to the V1 and V2 domains. J. Virol. 67, 6136-6151.
45. Myers, G., Korber, B., and Pavlakis, G. (1993). "Human Retroviruses and AIDS." Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group T-10, Los Alamos, NM.
46. Saitou, N., and Nei, M. (1987). The neighbor-joining method: A new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Mol. Biol. Evol. 4, 406-425.
47. Schuitemaker, H., Koot, M., Koostra, N. A., Dercksen, M. W., de Goede, R. E., van-Steenwijk, R. P., Lange, J. M., Schattenkerk, J. K., Miedema, F., and Tersmette, M. (1992). Biological phenotype of human immunodeficiency virus type I clones at different stages of infection: Progression of disease is associated with a shift from monocytotropic to T-cell-tropic virus populations. J. Virol. 66, 1354-1360.
48. Shioda, T., Levy, J. A., and Cheng-Mayer, C. (1992). Small amino acid changes in the V3 hypervariable of gp120 can affect the T-cell line and macrophage tropism of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89, 9434-9438.
49. Shotton, C., Arnold, C., Sattentau, Q. J., Sodroski, J., and McKeating, J. A. (1995). Identification and characterisation of monoclonal antibodies specific for polymorphic antigenic determinants within the V2 region of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope glycoprotein. J. Virol. 69, 222-230.
50. Simmonds, P., Balfe, P., Peutherer, J. F., Ludlam, C. A., Bishop, J. O., and Leigh Brown, A. J. (1990a). Human immunodeficiency virus infected individuals contain provirus in small numbers of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and at low copy numbers. J. Virol. 64, 864-872.
51. Simmonds, P., Balfe, P., Peutherer, J. F., Ludlam, C. A., Bishop, J. O., and Leigh Brown, A. J. (1990b). Analysis of sequence diversity in hypervariable regions of the external glycoprotein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. J. Virol. 64, 5840-5850.
52. Sullivan, N., Thali, M., Furman, C., Ho, D. D., and Sodroski, J. (1993). Effect of amino acid changes in the V1V2 region of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120 glycoprotein on subunit association, syncytium formation, and recognition by a neutralising antibody. J. Virol. 67, 3674-3679.
53. Takeuchi, Y., Akutsu, M., Murayama, K., Shimizu, N., and Hoshino, H. (1991). Host range mutant of human immunodeficiency virus type 1: Modification of cell tropism by a single point mutation at the neutralization epitope in the env gene. J. Virol. 65, 1710-1718.
54. Tersmette, M., Gruters, R. A., de Wolf, F., de-Goede, R. E., Lange, J. M., Schellekens, P. T., Goudsmit, J., Huisman, H. G., and Miedema, F. (1989a). Evidence for a role of virulent human immunodeficiency virus variants in the pathogenesis of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: Studies on sequential HIV isolates. J. Virol. 63, 2118-2125.
55. Tersmette, M., Lange, J. M. A., De Goede F. de Wolf, R. E., Eftink Schattenkerk, J. K., Schellekens, P. T., Coutinho, R. A., Huisman, J. G., Goudsmit, J., and Miedema, F. (1989b). Association between biological properties of human immunodeficiency virus variants and risk for AIDS and AIDS mortality. Lancet I, 983-985.
56. Wang, N., Zhu, T., and Ho, D. D. (1995). Sequence diversity of V1 and V2 domains of gp120 from human immunodeficiency virus type 1: Lack of correlation with viral phenotype. J. Virol. 69, 2708-2715.
57. Warrier, S., Pinter, A., Honnen, W. J., Girard, M., Muchmore, E., and Tilley, S. A. (1994). A novel glycan-dependent epitope in the V2 domain of human immunodeficiency type 1 gp120 is recognised by a highly potent neutralising chimpanzee monoclonal antibody. J. Virol. 68, 4636-4642.
58. Westerfelt, P., Trowbridge, D. B., Epstein, L. G., Blumberg, B. M., Li, Y., Hahn, B. H., Shaw, G. M., Price, R. W., and Ratner, L. (1992). Macrophage tropism determinants of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vivo. J. Virol. 66, 2577-2582.
59. Winship, P. R. (1989). An improved method for directly sequencing PCR amplified material using dimethyl sulphoxide. Nucleic Acids Res. 17, 1266.
60. Wu, Z., Kayman., S. C., Honnen, W., Revesz, K., Chen, H., Vijh-Warrier, S., Tilley, S. A, McKeating, J. A., Shotton, C., and Pinter, A. (1995). Characterisation of neutralisation epitopes in the V2 region of Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120: Role of glycosylation in the correct folding of the V1V2 domain. J. Virol. 69, 2271-2278.
61. Wyatt, R., Moore, J. P., Accola, M., Desjardin, E., Robinson, J., and Sodroski, J. (1995). Involvement of the V1/V2 variable loop structure in the exposure of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120 epitopes induced by receptor binding. J. Virol. 69, 5723-5733.