Claudication: Diagnosis and treatment

American Family Physician

Volumn 53, Issue 4, 1996, Pages 1245-1253

  Santilli, Jamie D ^a   Rodnick, Jonathan E ^b   Santilli, Steven M ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

PENTOXIFYLLINE;

ANAMNESIS; ARTERIOGRAPHY; ARTERY OCCLUSION; ATHERECTOMY; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; BYPASS SURGERY; CLAUDICATION; DOPPLER FLOWMETRY; EXERCISE; HUMAN; LASER SURGERY; LEG BLOOD FLOW; PERCUTANEOUS TRANSLUMINAL ANGIOPLASTY; PHYSICAL EXAMINATION; REVIEW; RISK FACTOR; SMOKING;

ALGORITHMS; ANGIOGRAPHY; ARTERIAL OCCLUSIVE DISEASES; COMBINED MODALITY THERAPY; EXERCISE; HUMANS; INTERMITTENT CLAUDICATION; RISK FACTORS; ULTRASONOGRAPHY, DOPPLER; VASCULAR SURGICAL PROCEDURES;

EID: 0029919494     PISSN: 0002838X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Bowlin SJ, Medalie JH, Flocke SA, Zyzanski SJ, Goldbourt U. Epidemiology of intermittent claudication in middle-aged men. Am J Epidemiol 1994;140:418-30.
2. Hughson WG, Mann JI, Garrod A. Intermittent claudication: prevalence and risk factors. Br Med J 1978;1:1379-81.
3. Rose GA. The diagnosis of ischemic heart pain and intermittent claudication in field surveys. Bull World Health Organ 1962;27:645-8.
4. Warren R. Two kinds of intermittent claudication [Editorial]. Arch Surg 1976;111:739.
5. Kempezinski RF The differential diagnosis of intermittent claudication Pract Cardiol 1981;7:53-7
6. Kannel WB, McGee DL. Update on some epidemiologic features of intermittent claudication: the Framingham Study. J Am Geriatr Soc 1985;33:13-8.
7. Criqui MH, Langer RD, Fronek A, Feigelson HS, Klauber MR, McCann TJ, et al. Mortality over a period of 10 years in patients with peripheral arterial disease. N Engl J Med 1992;326:381-6.
8. Hines EA. Some types of distress in the lower extremities simulating peripheral vascular disease Med Clin North Am 1958;42:991-1012.
9. Hiatt WR, Stoll S, Nies AS. Effect of beta-adrenagic blockers on the peripheral circulation in patients with peripheral vascular disease Circulation 1985; 72:1226-31.
10. Gardner AW. Dissipation of claudication pain after walking: implications for endurance training. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1993;25:904-10.
11. Leriche R. Des obliterations arterielles hautes (obliteration de la terminaison de l'aorte) comme causes des insuffisances circulatoires des membres inferieurs. Bull Mem Soc Chir Paris 1923;49:1404-6.
12. Leriche R. De la resection du carrefour aortico-iliaque avec double sympathectomie lombaire pour thrombose arteritique de l'aorte le syndrome de l'obliteration termino-aortique par arterite. Presse Med 1940;48:601-4.
13. Barnes RW. Noninvasive diagnostic assessment of peripheral vascular disease. Circulation 1991;83 (Suppl 2):20-7.
14. Tonnesen KH, Noer I, Paaske W, Sager P. Classification of peripheral occlusive arterial diseases based on symptoms, signs and distal blood pressure measurements. Acta Chir Scand 1980;146:101-4.
15. Kannel WB, Skinner JJ Jr, Schwartz MJ, Shurtleff D. Intermittent claudication. Incidence in the Framingham study. Circulation 1970;41:875-83.
16. Szilagyi DE, Elliott JP Jr, Smith RF, Reddy DJ, McPharlin M. A thirty-year survey of the reconstructive surgical treatment of aortoiliac occlusive disease. J Vasc Surg 1986;3:421-36.
17. LoGerfo FW. Epidural spinal cord electrical stimulation: an unproven methodology for management of lower extremity ischemia [Editorial]. J Vasc Surg 1991;13:518-9.
18. Sloth-Nielsen J, Guldager B, Mouritzen C, Lund EB, Egeblad M, Norregaard O, et al. Arteriographic findings in EDTA chelation therapy on peripheral arteriosclerosis. Am J Surg 1991;162:122-8.
19. Dillon RS. Successful treatment of osteomyelitis and soft tissue infections in ischemic diabetic legs by local antibiotic injections and end-diastolic pneumatic compression boot. Ann Surg 1986;204: 643-9.
20. Brand FN, Abbott RD, Kannel WB. Diabetes, intermittent claudication, and risk of cardiovascular events. Diabetes 1989;38:504-9.
21. Juergens JL, Barker NW, Hines EA. Arteriosclerosis obliterans: a review? of 520 cases with special reference to pathogenic and prognostic factors. Circulation 1960;21:188-95.
22. Malloy MJ, Kane JP. Medical management of hyperlipidemic states. Adv Intern Med 1994;39:603-31.
23. Kane JP, Malloy MJ, Ports TA, Phillips NR, Diehl JC, Havel RJ. Regression of coronary atherosclerosis during treatment of familial hypercholesterolemia with combined drug regimens. JAMA 1990;264: 3007-12.
24. Gardner AW, Skinner JS, Vaughan NR, Bryant CX, Smith LK, Comparison of three progressive exercise protocols in peripheral vascular occlusive disease. Angiology 1992;43:661-71.
25. Coffman JD. Vasodilator drugs in peripheral vascular disease. N Engl J Med 1979;300:713-7.
26. Arcan JC, Blanchard J, Boissel JP, Destors JM, Panak E. Multicenter double-blind study of ticlopidine in the treatment of intermittent claudication and the prevention of its complications. Angiology 1988;39:802-11.
27. Porter JM, Cutler BS, Lee BY, Reich T, Reichte FA, Scogin JT, et al. Pentoxifylline efficacy in the treatment of intermittent claudication: multicenter controlled double-blind trial with objective assessment of chronic occlusive arterial disease patients. Am Heart J 1982;104:66-72.
28. Green RM, McNamara J. The effects of pentoxifylline on patients with intermittent claudication. J Vasc Surg 1988;7:356-62.
29. Dotter CT, Judkins MP. Transluminal treatment of arteriosclerotic obstruction: description of a new technique and a preliminary report of its application. Circulation 1964;30:654-70.
30. Richter GM, Roeren T, Brado M, Further update of the randomized trial: iliac stent placement versus PTA-morphology, clinical success rates, and failure analysis. J Vasc Interv Radiol 1993;4:30-8.
31. Johnston KW, Rae M, Hogg-Johnston SA, Colapinto RF, Walker PM, Baird RJ, et al. Five-year results of a prospective study of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty. Ann Surg 1987;206:403-13.
32. Gallino A, Mahler F, Probst P, Nachbur B. Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty of the arteries of the lower limbs: a 5 year follow-up. Circulation 1984;70:619-23.
33. Crawford ES, Bomberger RA, Glaeser DH, Saleh SA, Russell WL. Aortoiliac occlusive disease: factors influencing survival and function following reconstructive operation over a 25-year period. Surgery 1981;90:1055-67.
34. Hall RG, Coupland GA, Lane R, Delbridge L, Appleberg M. Vein, Gore-tex or a composite graft for femoropopliteal bypass. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1985;161:308-12.
35. Quinones-Baldrich WJ, Busuttil RW, Baker JD, Vescera CL, Ahn SS, Machleder HI, et al. Is the preferential use of polytetrafluoroethylene grafts for femoropopliteal bypass justified? J Vasc Surg 1988;8:219-28.