Arachidonic acid release: An in vitro alternative for dermal irritancy testing

Food and Chemical Toxicology

Volumn 34, Issue 2, 1996, Pages 167-176

  Deleo, V A ^a   Carver, M P ^b,c,d   Hong, J ^a   Fung, K ^c   Kong, B ^c   Desalva, S ^c  

^a Och Spine at New York Presbyterian Hospitals   (United States)

^b Oral Care Research and Development   (United States)

^c 425 West 59Th St ^*

^d PFIZER INC   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARACHIDONIC ACID; DEODORANT AGENT; DETERGENT; DODECYL SULFATE SODIUM; SHAMPOO; SOAP; SURFACTANT;

ANIMAL CELL; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; FIBROBLAST; IN VITRO STUDY; MOUSE; NONHUMAN; SCREENING TEST; SKIN IRRITATION; TOXICITY TESTING;

ANIMALIA; MURINAE; ORYCTOLAGUS CUNICULUS;

EID: 0029918369     PISSN: 02786915     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/0278-6915(95)00100-X     Document Type: Article

References (61)

1. Anavkar A. S. and Natraj C. V. (1989) An in vitro method for evaluation of the irritancy of anionic surfactants. Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society 66, 1386-1389.
2. Babich H. and Borenfreund E. (1987) Structure-activity relationship (SAR) models established in vitro with the neutral red cytotoxicity assay. Toxicology in Vitro 1, 3-9.
3. Bason M. M., Harvell J., Realica B., Gordon V. and Maibach H. I. (1992) Comparison of in vitro and human in vivo dermal irritancy data for four primary irritants. Toxicology in Vitro 6, 383-387.
4. Berman M. B. (1987). Introductory lecture: mechanisms of inflammation in skin and eyes - similarities and differences. In Alternative Methods in Toxicology: In Vitro Toxicology: Approaches to Validation. Edited by A. M. Goldberg, pp. 95-113. Mary Ann Liebert, New York.
5. Blake-Haskins J. C., Scala D., Rhein L. D. and Robbins C. R. (1986) Predicting surfactant irritation from the swelling response of a collagen film. Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Chemists 37, 199-210.
6. Bruner L. H. (1992) Ocular irritation. In In Vitro Toxicity Testing: Applications of Safety Evaluation. Edited by J. M. Frazier. pp. 149-190. Marcel Dekker, New York.
7. Carver M. P., Reigle R. and DeSalva S. J. (1991) Arachidonic acid release from three skin culture models in response to surfactant-based irritants. In Alternative Methods in Toxicology: In Vitro Toxicology: Mechanisms and New Technology. Edited by A. M. Goldberg. Vol. 9. pp. 277-284. Mary Ann Liebert, New York.
8. Charaf U. K. and Hart G. L. (1991) Phospholipid liposomes/surfactant interactions as predictors of skin irritation. Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Chemists 42, 71-85.
9. Cooper J. A., Saracci R. and Cole P. (1979) Describing the validity of carcinogen screening tests. British Journal of Cancer 39, 87-89.
10. CPSC (1981) Method of testing primary irritant substances. Federal Hazardous Substances Act. Chapter II, subchapter C, 16 CFR 1500.41. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Washington, DC.
11. DeLeo V. A. (1992) Cutaneous irritancy. In In Vitro Toxicity Testing: Applications to Safety Evaluation. Edited by J. M. Frazier. pp. 191-203. Marcel Dekker, New York.
12. DeLeo V. A., Hanson D. and Scheide S. (1986) Benoxaprofen photosensitization of phospholipase activation in mammalian cells in culture. Toxicology Letters 32, 215-220.
13. DeLeo V. A., Hanson D., Scheide S., Kong B. and DeSalva S. (1989) The effect of surfactants on metabolism of choline phospholipids in human epidermal keratinocytes in culture. Journal of Toxicology-Cutaneous and Oculular Toxicology 8, 227-240.
14. DeLeo V. A., Harber L. C., Kong B. and DeSalva S. (1987) Surfactant-induced alteration of arachidonic acid metabolism of mammalian cells in culture. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine 184, 477-482.
15. DeLeo V. A., Hong J., Scheide S., Kong B., DeSalva S. and Bagley D. (1988) Surfactant-induced cutaneous primary irritancy: an in vitro model - assay system development. In Alternative Methods in Toxicology: Progress in in Vitro Toxicology. Edited by A. M. Goldberg. Vol. 6. pp. 39-43. Mary Ann Liebert, New York.
16. DeLeo V. A., Kong B., DeSalva S. and Harber L. C. (1985) Surfactant induced primary cutaneous irritancy. In Vitro Toxicology 3, 467-482.
17. Derelanko M. J., Finegan C. E and Dunn B. J. (1993) Reliability of using fewer rabbits to evaluate dermal irritation potential of industrial chemicals. Fundamental and Applied Toxicology 21, 159-163.
18. Draize J. H., Woodard G. and Calvery H. O. (1944) Methods for the study of irritation and toxicity of substances applied topically to the skin and mucous membranes. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 82, 377-390.
19. Duffy P. A., Flint O. P., Onton T. C. and Fursey M. J. (1986) Initial validation of an in vitro test for predicting skin irritancy. Food and Chemical Toxicology 24, 517-518.
20. Enslein K. (1989) An overview of structure-activity relationships as an alternative to testing in animals for carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, dermal and eye irritation, and acute oral toxicity. In Benchmarks: Alternative Methods in Toxicology. Edited by M. A. Mehlman. pp. 59-78. Princeton Scientific Publishing Co., Princeton, NJ.
21. EPA (1983) Primary dermal irritation. In Health Effects Testing Guidelines, pp. 41-42. Bureau of National Affairs, Inc., Washington, DC.
22. Fleming M. G. and Bergfeld W. F. (1990) The etiology of irritant contact dermatitis. In Irritant Contact Dermatitis. Edited by E. M. Jackson and R. Goldner, pp. 41-66. Marcel Dekker, New York.
23. Frazier J. M. (1990) Validation of in vitro models. Journal of the American College of Toxicology 9, 355-359.
24. Frazier J. M. (1991) Alternatives to acute ocular and dermal toxicity tests in animals. In Dermatotoxicology. 4th Ed. Edited by F. N. Marzulli and H. I. Maibach. pp. 817-833. Hemisphere, New York.
25. Frazier J. (Editor) (1992) In Vitro Toxicity Testing: Applications to Safety Evaluation. Marcel Dekker, New York.
26. Gad S. C. (1989) Acute ocular irritation evaluation: In vivo and in vitro alternatives and making them the "standard" for testing. In Benchmarks: Alternative Methods in Toxicology. Edited by M. A. Mehlman. pp. 137-192. Princeton Scientific Publishing Co., Princeton, NJ.
27. Gad S. C., Walsh R. D. and Dunn B. J. (1986) Correlation of ocular and dermal irritancy of industrial chemicals. Journal of Toxicology-Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology 5, 195-213.
28. Gay R., Swiderek M., Nelson D. and Ernesti A. (1992) The living skin equivalent as an in vitro model for ranking the toxic potential of dermal irritants. Toxicology in Vitro 6, 303-315.
29. Gleason S. J. and Swanson J. C. (1988) An Annotated Bibliography of Selected Materials Concerning the Philosophy of Animal Rights. US Department of Agriculture, National Agricultural Library, Beltsville, MD.
30. Harvell J., Bason M. M. and Maibach H. I. (1992) In vitro skin irritation assays: relevance to human skin. Clinical Toxicology 30, 359-369.
31. Harvell J., Gordon V. and Maibach H. I. (1993) Use of the Skintex® high-sensitivity assay for predictive assessments of cutaneous fatty acid irritancy in man. In Vitro Toxicology 6, 91-95.
32. Hatoum N. S., Leach C. S., Talsma D. M., Gibbons R. D. and Garvin P. J. (1990) A statistical basis for using fewer rabbits in dermal irritation testing. Journal of the American College of Toxicology 9, 49-60.
33. Hobson D. W. and Blank J. A. (1991) In vitro alternative methods for the assessment of dermal irritation and inflammation. In Dermal and Ocular Toxicology: Fundamentals and Methods. Edited by D. W. Hobson. pp. 323-368. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
34. Kassis V., Mortevsed J. and Sondergaard J. (1981) Prostaglandin E in suction separated human epidermal tissue in primary irritant dermatitis. Acta Dermatologica 66, 424-461.
35. King J. R. and Monteiro-Riviere N. A. (1990) Cutaneous toxicity of 2-chloroethyl methyl sulfide in isolated perfused porcine skin. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 104, 167-179.
36. Lamont G., Bagley D. M., Kong B. M. and DeSalva S. J. (1989) Developing an alternative to the Draize skin test: comparison of human skin cell responses to irritants in vitro. In Alternative Methods in Toxicology: In Vitro Toxicology: New Directions. Edited by A. M. Goldberg. Vol. 7. pp. 175-181. Mary Ann Liebert, New York.
37. Landman G., Farmer E. R. and Hood A. F. (1990) The inflammatory response: cellular and molecular mechanisms. In Irritant Contact Dermatitis. Edited by E. M. Jackson and R. Goldner. pp. 3-40. Marcel Dekker, New York.
38. MacMillan F. S. K., Rafft R. R. and Elvers W. B. (1975) A comparison of the skin irritation produced by cosmetic ingredients and formulations in the rabbit, guinea pig, and beagle dog to that observed in the human. In Animal Models in Dermatology. Edited by H. I. Maibach. pp. 12-22. Churchill Livingstone, New York.
39. Marks J. and DeLeo V. (1992) Contact and Occupational Dermatitis. Mosby Yearbook, Chicago.
40. Marzulli F. N. and Maibach H. I. (1975) The rabbit as a model for evaluating skin irritants: a comparison of results obtained on animals and man using repeated skin exposures. Food and Cosmetics Toxicology 13, 533-540.
41. Mehlman M. A. (Editor) (1989) Benchmarks: Alternative Methods in Toxicology. Princeton Scientific Publishing Co., Princeton, NJ.
42. Mol M. A. E., van Genderen J. and Wolthuis O. L. (1986) Cultured human epidermal cells as a tool in skin toxicology. Food and Chemical Toxicology 24, 519-520.
43. Mosmann T. (1983) Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assays. Journal of Immunological Methods 65, 55-63.
44. Nixon G. A., Bannan E. A., Gaynor T. W., Johnston D. H. and Griffith J. F. (1990) Evaluation of modified methods for determining skin irritation. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology 12, 127-136.
45. Nixon G. A., Tyson C. A. and Wertz W. C. (1975) Interspecies comparisons of skin irritancy. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 31, 481-490.
46. Olson C. T. (1991) Evaluation of the dermal irritancy of chemicals. In Dermal and Ocular Toxicology: Fundamentals and Methods. Edited by D. W. Hobson. pp. 125-151. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
47. OECD (1981) Acute dermal irritation/corrosion. OECD Guidelines for Testing of Chemicals. Sect. 404. Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, Paris.
48. Osgood T. B., Ubels J. L., Smith G. A. and Dick C. E. (1990) Evaluation of ocular irritancy of hair care products. Journal of Toxicology Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology 9, 37-51.
49. Pardes H., West A. and Pincus H. A. (1991) Physicians and the animal rights movement. New England Journal of Medicine 324, 1640-1643.
50. Parish W. E. (1985) Relevance of in vitro tests to in vivo acute skin inflammation: potential in vitro applications of skin keratome slices, neutrophils, fibroblasts, mast cells and macrophages. Food and Chemical Toxicology 23, 275-285.
51. Patrick E. and Maibach H. I. (1991) Predictive skin irritation tests in animals and humans. In Dermatotoxicology. 4th Ed. Edited by F. N. Marzulli and H. I. Maibach. pp. 201-222. Hemisphere, New York.
52. Pemberton M. A. and Rhodes C. (1988) Skin irritancy of commercially available alkyl ether sulphate surfactants: is there a difference between those with alkyl chains consisting of even or odd numbers of carbon atoms? Toxicology Letters 44, 85-90.
53. Phillips L., Steinberg M., Maibach H. I. and Akers W. A. (1972) A comparison of rabbit and human skin response to certain irritants. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 21, 369-382.
54. Prottey C. and Ferguson T. (1975) Factors which determine the skin irritation potential of soaps and detergents. Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Chemists 26, 29-46.
55. Reile H., Birnbock H., Bernhardt G., Spruß, T. and Schonenberger H. (1990) Computerized determination of growth kinetic curves and doubling times from cells in microculture. Analytical Biochemistry 187, 262-267.
56. Slivka S. R. and Zeigler F. (1993) Use of an in vitro skin model for determining epidermal and dermal contributions to irritant responses. Journal of Toxicology-Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology 12, 49-57.
57. Sondergaard J., Greaves M. W. and Jorgensen P. H. (1974). Recovery of prostaglandins in human primary irritant dermatitis. Archives of Dermatology 110, 556-558.
58. Swisher D. A., Prevo M. E. and Ledger P. W. (1988) The MTT in vitro cytotoxicity test: correlation with cutaneous irritancy in two animal models. In Alternative Methods in Toxicology: Progress in in Vitro Toxicology. Edited by A. M. Goldberg. Vol. 6. pp. 265-269. Mary Ann Liebert, New York.
59. Triglia D., Braa S. S., Yonan C. and Naughton G. K. (1991) In vitro toxicity of various classes of test agents using the neutral red assay on a human three-dimensional physiologic skin model. In Vitro Cellular and Developmental Biology 27A, 239-244.
60. van Genderen J., Mol M. A. E. and Wolthuis O. L. (1985) On the development of skin models for toxicity testing. Fundamental Applied Toxicology 5, S98-S111.
61. Watson P. R. (1992) In Vitro Methods of Toxicology. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.