Is antigenic variability a strategy adopted by hepatitis B virus to escape cytotoxic T-lymphocyte surveillance?

Seminars in Virology

Volumn 7, Issue 1, 1996, Pages 23-30

  Ferrari, Carlo ^a   Bertoletti, Antonio ^a   Fiaccadori, Franco ^a   Chisari, Francis V ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PARMA   (Italy)

^b SCRIPPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (United States)

Author keywords

Cytotoxic T cells; HBV pathogenesis; HBV variants; TCR antagonism; Viral escape

Indexed keywords

AMINO ACID; EPITOPE; VIRUS PROTEIN;

ANTIGEN RECOGNITION; ANTIGENIC VARIATION; CYTOTOXIC T LYMPHOCYTE; HEPATITIS B; HEPATITIS B VIRUS; HUMAN; IMMUNOSURVEILLANCE; LONGITUDINAL STUDY; NONHUMAN; PERSISTENT VIRUS INFECTION; REVIEW; VIRUS MUTATION;

HEPATITIS B VIRUS;

EID: 0029916556     PISSN: 10445773     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1006/smvy.1996.0004     Document Type: Review

References (56)

1. Doherty PC, Allan W, Eichelberger M, Carding SR (1992) Roles of α/ β and γ/ δ T cell subsets in viral immunity. Annu Rev Immunol 10:123-151
2. Townsend AR, Rothbard J, Gotch FM, Bahadur G, Wraith D, McMichael AJ (1986) The epitopes of influenza nucleoprotein recognized by cytotoxic T lymphocytes can be defined with short synthetic peptides. Cell 44:959-968
3. Gotch F, Rothbard J, Rowland K, Townsend A, McMichael AJ (1987) Cytotoxic T lymphocytes recognize a fragment of influenza virus matrix protein in association with HLA-A2. Nature 326:881-882
4. Matsumura M, Fremont DH, Peterson PA, Wilson IA (1992) Emerging principles for the recognition of peptide antigens by MHC class I molecules. Science 257:927-930
5. Fremont DH, Matsumara M, Stura EA, Peterson PA, Wilson IA (1992) Crystal structures of two viral peptides in complex with murine MHC class I H-2Kb. Science 257:919-927
6. b molecule containing a single viral peptide: Implications for peptide binding and T cell receptor recognition. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 89:8403-8408
7. Silver ML, Guo H-C, Strominger JL, Wiley DC (1992) Atomic structure of a human MHC molecule presenting an influenza virus peptide. Nature 360:367-369
8. Madden DR, Garboczi DN, Wiley DC (1993) The antigenic identity of peptide-MHC complexes: a comparison of the conformations of five viral peptides presented by HLA-A2. Cell 75:693-708
9. Allen PM, Matsueda GR, Evans RJ, Dunbar JB, Marshall GR, Unanue ER (1987) Dissection of a T cell antigenic epitope: identification of the T cell and Ia contact residues. Nature 327:713-715
10. Evavold BD, Sloan-Lancaster J, Allen PM (1993) Tickling the TCR: selective T-cell functions stimulated by altered peptide ligands. Immunol Today 14:602-609
11. Evavold BD, Williams SG, Hsu BL, Buus S, Allen PM (1992) Complete dissection of the Hb(64-76) determinant using T helper 1, T helper 2 clones, and T cell hybridomas. J Immunol 148:347-353
12. Jameson SC, Bevan MJ (1995) T cell receptor antagonist and partial agonist. Immunity 2:1-11
13. Sloan-Lancaster J, Evavold BD, Allen PM (1993) Induction of T-cell anergy by altered T-cell-receptor ligand on live antigen-presenting cells. Nature 363:156-159
14. De Magistris MT, Alexander J, Coggeshall M, Altman A, Gaeta FCA, Grey HM, Sette A (1992) Antigen analog-major histocompatibility complexes act as antagonists of the T cell receptor. Cell 68:625-634
15. Jameson SC, Carbone FR, Bevan MJ (1993) Clone-specific T cell receptor antagonists of major histocompatibility complex class I-restricted cytotoxic T cells. J Exp Med 177:1541-1550
16. Racioppi L, Ronchese F, Matis LA, Germain RN (1993) Peptide-major histocompatibility complex class II complexes with mixed agonist-antagonist properties provide evidence for ligand-related differences in T cell receptor-dependent intracellular signaling. J Exp Med 177:1047-1060
17. Bertoletti A, Sette A, Scaccaglia P, Levrero M, Chisari FV, Fiaccadori F, Ferrari C (1994) Natural variants of cytotoxic epitopes are T cell receptor antagonists for antiviral cytotoxic T cells. Nature 369:407-410
18. Klenerman P, Rowland-Jones S, McAdam S, Edwards J, Daenke S, Lalloo D, Koppe B, Rosenberg W, Boyd D, Edwards A, Giangrande P, Phillips RE, McMichael AJ (1994) Cytotoxic T-cell activity antagonized by naturally occurring HIV-1 gag variants. Nature 369:403-407
19. Eisenlohr LC, Yewdell JW, Bennink JR (1992) Flanking sequences influence the presentation of an endogenously synthesized peptide to cytotoxic T lymphocytes. J Exp Med 175:481-487
20. Couillin I, Culmann-Penciolelli B, Gomard E, Choppin J, Levy J-P, Guillet J-G, Saragosti S (1994) Impaired cytotoxic T lymphocyte recognition due to genetic variations in the main immunogenic region of the human immunodeficiency virus 1 NEF protein. J Exp Med 180:1129-1134
21. Penna A, Chisari FV, Bertoletti A, Missale G, Fowler P, Giuberti T, Fiaccadori F, Ferrari C (1991) Cytotoxic T lymphocytes recognize an HLA-A2-restricted epitope within the hepatitis B virus nucleocapsid antigen. J Exp Med 174:1565-1570
22. Nayersina R, Fowler P, Guilhot S, Missale G, Cerny A, Schlicht H-J, Vitiello A, Chesnut R, Person JL, Redeker AG, Chisari FV (1993) HLA A2 restricted cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses to multiple hepatitis B surface antigen epitopes during hepatitis B virus infection. J Immunol 150:4659-4671
23. Bertoletti A, Costanzo A, Chisari FV, Levrero M, Artini M, Sette A, Penna A, Giuberti T, Fiaccadori F, Ferrari C (1994) Cytotoxic T lymphocyte response to a wild type hepatitis B virus epitope in patients chronically infected by variant viruses carrying substitutions within the epitope. J Exp Med 180:933-943
24. Chisari FV, Ferrari C (1995) Hepatitis B virus immunopathogenesis. Annu Rev Immunol 13:29-60
25. Guidotti LG, Ando K, Hobbs MV, Ishikawa T, Runkel RD, Schreiber RD, Chisari FV (1994) Cytotoxic T lymphocytes inhibit hepatitis B virus gene expression by a noncytolytic mechanism in transgenic mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 91:3764-3768
26. Carman WF, Thomas HC (1992) Genetic variation in hepatitis B virus. Gastroenterology 102:711-719
27. Bonino F, Brunetto MR, Rizzetto M, Will H (1991) Hepatitis B virus unable to secrete e antigen. Gastroenterology 100:1138-1141
28. Ehata T, Omata M, Yokosuka O, Hosoda K, Ohto M (1992) Variations in codons 84-101 in the core nucleotide sequence correlate with hepatocellular injury in chronic hepatitis B virus infection. J Clin Invest 89:332-338
29. Wakita T, Kakumu S, Shibata M, Yoshioka K, Ito Y, Shinagawa T, Ishikawa T, Takanayagi M, Morishima T (1991) Detection of pre-C and core region mutants of hepatitis B virus in chronic hepatitis B virus carriers. J Clin Invest 88:1793-1801
30. Ehata T, Omata M, Chuang WL, Yokosuka O, Ito Y, Hosoda K, Ohio M (1993) Mutations in core nucleotide sequence of hepatitis B virus correlate with fulminant and severe hepatitis. J Clin Invest 91:1206-1213
31. Chuang WL, Omata M, Ehata T, Yokosuka O, Ito Y, Imazeki F, Lu S-N, Chang W-Y, Ohto M (1993) Precore mutations and core clustering mutations in chronic hepatitis B virus infection. Gastroenterology 104:263-271
32. Naoumov NV, Thomas MG, Mason AL, Chokshi S, Bodicky CJ, Farzaneh F, Williams R, Perrillo RP (1995) Genomic variations in the hepatitis B core gene: a possible factor influencing response to interferon alfa treatment. Gastroenterology 108:505-514
33. Falk K, Rötzschke O, Rammensee H-G (1990) Cellular peptide composition governed by major histocompatibility complex class I molecules. Nature 348:248-251
34. Johnson RP, Trocha A, Yang L, Mazzara GP, Panicali DL, Buchanan TM, Walker BD (1991) HIV-1 gag-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes recognize multiple highly conserved epitopes: Fine specificity of the gag-specific response defined by using unstimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells and cloned effector cells. J Immunol 147:1512-1521
35. Gavioli R, Kurilla MG, Campos-Lima POD, Wallace LE, Dolcetti R, Murray RJ, Rickinson AB, Masucci MG (1993) Multiple HLA-A11-restricted cytotoxic T-lymphocyte epitopes of different immunogenicities in the Epstein-Barr virus-encoded nuclear antigen 4. J Virol 67:1572-1578
36. Parker CE, Nightingale S, Taylor GP, Weber J, Bangham CRM (1994) Circulating anti-TAX cytotoxic T lymphocytes from human T-cell leukemia virus type 1-infected people, with and without tropical spastic paraparesis, recognize multiple epitopes simultaneously. J Virol 68:2860-2868
37. Ogata N, Miller RH, Ishak KG, Purcell RH (1993) The complete nucleotide sequence of a precore mutant of hepatitis B virus implicated in fulminant hepatitis and its biological characterization in chimpanzees. Virology 194:263-276
38. Lok ASF, Akarca U, Greene S (1994) Mutations in the precore region of hepatitis B virus serve to enhance the stability of the secondary structure of the pregenome encapsidation signal. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 91:4077-4081
39. Wang GH, Seeger C (1993) Novel mechanism for reverse transcription in hepatitis B viruses. J Virol 67:6506-6512
40. Junker-Niepmann M, Bartenschlager R, Schaller H (1990) A short cis-acting sequence is required for hepatitis B virus pregenome encapsidation and sufficient for packaging of foreign RNA. EMBO J 9:3389-3396
41. Phillips RE, Rowland-Jones S, Nixon DF, Gotch FM, Edwards JP, Ogunlesi AO, Rothbard JA, Bangham CRM, Rizza CR, McMichael AJ (1991) Human immunodeficiency virus genetic variation that can escape cytotoxic T cell recognition. Nature 354:453-459
42. Nowak MA, May RM, Phillips RE, Rowland-Jones S, Lalloo DG, McAdam S, Klenerman P, Koppe B, Sigmund K, Bangham CRM, McMichael AJ (1995) Antigenic oscillations and shifting immunodominance in HIV-1 infections. Nature 375:606-611
43. Niewiesk S, Daenke S, Parker CE, Taylor G, Weber J, Nightingale S, Bangham CRM (1995) Naturally occurring variants of human T-cell leukemia virus type I Tax protein impair its recognition by cytotoxic T lymphocytes and the transactivation function of Tax. J Virol 69:2649-2653
44. + population. Science 260:98-100
45. De Campos-Lima PO, Levitsky V, Brooks J, Lee SP, Hu LF, Rickinson AB, Masucci MG (1994) T cell responses and virus evolution: loss of HLA A11-restricted CTL epitopes in Epstein-Barr virus isolates from highly A11-positive populations by selective mutation of anchor residues. J Exp Med 179:1297-1305
46. Weiner A, Erickson AL, Kansopon J, Crawford K, Muchmore E, Hughes AL, Houghton M, Walker CM (1995) Persistent hepatitis C virus infection in a chimpanzee is associated with emergence of a cytotoxic T lymphocyte escape variant. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 92:2755-2759
47. Missale G, Redeker A, Person J, Fowler P, Guilhot S, Schlicht H-J, Ferrari C, Chisari FV (1993) HLA-A31 and HLA-Aw68 restricted cytotoxic T cell responses to a single hepatitis B virus nucleocaposid epitope during acute viral hepatitis. J Exp Med 177:751-762
48. + T-cells specific for the protein NS4 of hepatitis C virus in patient with chronic hepatitis. J Exp Med 178:17-26
49. Unutmaz D, Pileri P, Abrignani S (1994) Antigen independent activation of naive and memory resting T cells by a cytokine combination. J Exp Med 180:1159-1164
50. Jilbert AR, Wu T-T, England JM, De La M, Hall P, Carp NZ, O'Connell AP, Mason WS (1992) Rapid resolution of duck hepatitis B virus infections occurs after massive hepatocellular involvement. J Virol 66:1377-1388
51. Kalams SA, Johnson RP, Trocha AK, Dynan MJ, Ngo SH, D'Aquila RT, Kurnick JT, Walker BD (1994) Longitudinal analysis of T cell receptor (TCR) gene usage by human imunodeficiency virus 1 envelope-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte clones reveals a limited TCR repertoire. J Exp Med 179:1261-1271
52. Argaet VP, Schmidt CW, Burrows SR, Silins SL, Kurilla MG, Doolan DL, Suhrbier A, Moss DJ, Kieff E, Sculley TB, Misko IS (1994) Dominant selection of an invariant T cell antigen receptor in response to persistent infection by Epstein-Barr virus. J Exp Med 180:2335-2340
53. Rehermann B, Pasquinelli C, Mosier SM, Chisari FV (1995) Hepatitis B virus (HBV) sequence variation in cytotoxic T lymphocyte epitopes is not common in patients with chronic HBV infection. J Clin Invest 96:1527-1534
54. Sloan-Lancaster J, Shaw AS, Rothbard JB, Allen PM (1994) Partial T cell signaling: altered phospho-ζ and lack of zap70 recruitment in APL-induced T cell anergy. Cell 79:913-922
55. Madrenas J, Wange RL, Wang JL, Isakov N, Samelson LE, Germain RN (1995) ζ Phosphorilation without ZAP-70 activation induced by TCR antagonists or partial agonists. Science 267:515-518
56. Valitutti S, Muller C, Cella M, Padovan E, Lanzavecchia A (1995) Serial triggering of many T-cell receptors by a few peptide-MHC complexes. Nature 375:148-151