Cytotoxic lymphocyte killing enters the ice age

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology

Volumn 406, Issue , 1996, Pages 29-37

  Martin, Seamus J ^a   Amarante Mendes, Gustavo P ^a   Green, Douglas R ^a  

^a LA JOLLA INSTITUTE FOR ALLERGY AND IMMUNOLOGY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ASPARTIC PROTEINASE; INTERLEUKIN 1BETA CONVERTING ENZYME; SERINE PROTEINASE;

APOPTOSIS; CELLULAR IMMUNITY; CYTOTOXIC LYMPHOCYTE; NATURAL KILLER CELL; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN DEGRADATION; REVIEW;

EID: 0029907951     PISSN: 00652598     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4899-0274-0_4     Document Type: Review

References (67)

1. Russell, J. H., Masakowski, V., Rucinsky, T., and Philips, G., Mechanisms of immune lysis III. Characterization of the nature and kinetics of the cytotoxic T lymphocyte-induced nuclear lesion in the target, J. Immunol. 128:2087 (1982).
2. Duke, R. C., Chervenak, R., and Cohen, J. J., Endogenous endonuclease-induced DNA fragmentation; an early event in cell-mediated cytolysis, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 80:6361 (1983).
3. Henkart, P. A., Mechanism of lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity, Annu. Rev. Immunol. 3:31 (1985).
4. Smyth, M. J., and Trapani, J. A., Granzymes: exogenous proteinases that induce target cell apoptosis, Immunol. Today 16:202 (1995).
5. Liu, C.- C., Walsh, C. M., and Young, J. D. -E., Perform: structure and function. Immunol. Today 16:194 (1995).
6. Duke, R. C., Sellins, K. S., and Cohen, J. J., Cytotoxic lymphocyte-derived lytic granules do not induce DNA fragmentation in target cells, J. Immunol. 141:2191 (1988).
7. Kagi, D., Vignaux, F., Ledermann, B., Burki, K., Depraetere, V., Nagata, S., Hengartner, H., and Goldstein, P., Fas and perforin as major mechanisms of T-cell mediated cytotoxixity, Science 265:528 (1994).
8. Shi, L., Kraut, R. P., Aebersold, R., and Greenberg, A. H., A natural killer cell granule protein that induces DNA fragmentation and apoptosis, J. Exp. Med. 175:553- (1992).
9. Shi, L., Kam, C. M., Powers, J. C., Aebersold, R., and Greenberg, A. H., Purification of three cytotoxic lymphocyte granule serine proteases that induce apoptosis through distinct substrate and target cell interactions, J. Exp. Med. 176:1521 (1992).
10. Heusel, J. W., Wesselschmidt, R. L., Shresta, S., Russell, J. H., and Ley, T. J., Cytotoxic lymphocytes require granzyme B for the rapid induction of DNA fragmentation and apoptosis in allogenic target cells, Cell 76:977 (1994).
11. Shresta, S., MacIvor, D. M., Heusel, J. W., Russell, J. H., and Ley, T. J., Natural killer and lymphokine-activated killer cells require granzyme B for the rapid induction of apoptosis in susceptible target cells, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92:5679 (1995).
12. Ebnet, K., Hausmann, M., Lehmann-Grube, F., Mullbacher, A., Kopf, M., Lamers, M., and Simon, M. M., Granzyme A-deficient mice retain potent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, EMBO J. 14:4230 (1995).
13. Yuan, J., Shaham, S., Ledoux, S., Ellis, H. M., and Horvitz, H. R. (1993). The C. elegans cell death gene ced-3 encodes a protein similar to mammalian interleukin-1β-converting enzyme. Cell 75, 641-652.
14. Thornberry, N. A., Bull, H. G., Calaycay, J. R., Chapman, K. T., Howard, A. D., Kostura, M. J., Miller, D. K., Molineaux, S. M., Weidner, J. R., Aunins, J., Elliston, K. O., Ayala, J. M., Casano, F. J., Chin, J., Ding, G. J.-F., Egger, L. A., Gaffney, E. P., Limjuco, G., Palyha, O. C., Raju, S. M., Ralando, A. M., Salley, J. P., Yamin, T. T., Lee, T. D., Shivley, J. E., MacCross, M., Mumford, R. A., Schmidt, J. A., and Tocci, M. J., A novel heterodimeric cysteine protease is required for interleukin-1β processing in monocytes, Nature 356:768 (1992).
15. Xue, D., and Horvitz, H. R., Inhibition of the Caenorhabditis elegans cell-death protease CED-3 by a CED-3 cleavage site in baculovirus p35 protein. Nature 377:248 (1995).
16. Hugunin, M., Quintal, L. J., Mankovich, J. A., and Ghayur, T., Protease activity of in vitro transcribed and translated C. elegans cell death gene (ced-3) product, J. Biol. Chem. 271:3517 (1996).
17. Kaufmann, S. H., Induction of endonucleolytic DNA cleavage in human acute myelogenous leukemia cells by etoposide, camptothecin, and other cytotoxic anticancer drugs; a cautionary note. Cancer Res. 49:5870 (1989).
18. Kaufmann, S. H., Desnoyers, S., Ottaviano, Y., Davidson, N. E., and Poirier, G. G., Specific proteolytic cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase: an early marker of chemotherapy-induced apoptosis, Cancer Res. 53:3976 (1993).
19. Sarin, A., Adams, D. H., and Henkart, P. A., Protease inhibitors selectively block T cell receptor-triggered programmed cell death in a murine T cell hybridoma and activated peripheral T cells, J. Exp. Med. 178:1693 (1993).
20. Sarin, A., Clerici, M., Blatt, S. P., Hendrix, C. W., Shearer, G. M., and Henkart, P. A., Inhibition of activation-induced programmed cell death and restoration of defective immune responses of HIV+ donors by cysteine proteases, J. Immunol. 153:862 (1994).
21. Fearnhead, H. O., Rivett, A. J., Dinsdale, D., and Cohen, G. M., A pre-existing protease is a common effector of thymocyte apoptosis mediated by diverse stimuli, FEBS Lett. 357:242 (1995).
22. Ray, C. A., Black, R. A., Kronheim, S. R., Greenstreet, T. A., Sleath, P. R., Salvesen, G. S., and Pickup, D. J., Viral inhibition of inflammation: cowpox virus encodes an inhibitor of the interleukin-1β converting enzyme, Cell 69:597 (1992).
23. Gagliardini, V., Fernandez, P.-A., Lee, R. K. K., Drexler, H. C. A., Rotello, R. J., Fishman, M. C., and Yuan, J., Prevention of vertebrate neuronal death by the CrmA gene, Science 263:826 (1994).
24. Wang, L., Miura, M., Bergeron, L., Zhu, H., and Yuan, J., Ich-1, an Ice/ced-3-related gene, encodes both positive and negative regulators of programmed cell death, Cell 78:739 (1994).
25. Enari, M., Hug, H., and Nagata, S., Involvement of an ICE-like protease in Fas-mediated apoptosis., Nature 375:78 (1995).
26. Los, M., Van de Craen, M., Penning, L. C., Schenk, H., Westendorp, M., Baeuerle, P. A., Droge, W., Krammer, P. H., Fiers, W., and Schulze-Osthoff, K., Requirement for an ICE/CED-3 protease for Fas/APO-1-mediated apoptosis. Nature 275:81 (1995).
27. Miura, M., Friedlander, R. M., and Yuan, J., Tumor necrosis factor-induced apoptosis is mediated by a CrmA-sensitive cell death pathway, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92:8318 (1995).
28. Tewari, M., and Dixit, V. M., Fas- and tumor necrosis factor-induced apoptosis is inhibited by the pox virus CrmA gene product, J. Biol. Chem. 270:3255 (1995).
29. Tewari, M., Quan, L. T., O'Rourke, K., Desnoyers, S., Zeng, Z., Beidler, D. R., Poirier, G. G., Salvesen, G. S., and Dixit, V. M., YAMA/CPP32β, a mammalian homolog of Ced-3, is a CrmA-inhibitable protease that cleaves the death substrate poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, Cell 81:801 (1995).
30. Tewari, M., Beidler, D. R., and Dixit, V. M., CrmA-inhibitable cleavage of the 70-kDa protein component of the U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein during Fas- and Tumor necrosis factor-induced apoptosis, J. Biol. Chem. 270:18738 (1995).
31. Tewari, M., Telford, W. G., Miller, R. A., and Dixit, V. M., CrmA, a poxvirus-encoded serpin, inhibits cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-mediated apoptosis, J. Biol. Chem. 270:3255 (1995).
32. Bump, N. J., Hackett, M., Hugunin, M., Seshagiri, S., Brady, K., Chen, P., Ferenz, C., Franklin, S., Ghayur, T., Li, P., Licari, P., Mankovich, J., Shi, L., Greenberg, A. H., Miller, L. K., and Wong, W. W., Inhibition of ICE family proteases by baculovirus anti-apoptotic protein p35, Science 269:1885 (1995).
33. Lazebnik, Y. A., Kaufmann, S. H., Desnoyers, S., Poirier, G. G., and Earnshaw, W. C., Cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase by a proteinase with properties like ICE, Nature 371:346 (1994).
34. Nicholson, D. W., Ali, A., Thornberry, N. A., Vaillancourt, J. P., Ding, C. K., Gallant, M., Gareau, Y., Griffin, P. R., Labelle, M., Lazebnik, Y. A., Munday, N. A., Raju, S. M., Smulson, M. E., Yamin, T.-T., Yu, V. L., and Miller, D. K., Identification and inhibition of the ICE/CED-3 protease necessary for mammalian apoptosis, Nature 376:37 (1995).
35. Schlegel, J., Peters, I., Orrenius, S., Miller, D. K., Thornberry, N. A., Yamin, T-T., and Nicholson, D. W., CPP32/apopain is a key interleukin-1β converting enzyme-like protease involved in fas-mediated apoptosis, J. Biol. Chem. 271:1841 (1996).
36. Pronk, G. J., Ramer, K., Amiri, P., and Williams, L. T., Requirement of an ICE-like protease for induction of apoptosis and ceramide generation by reaper, Science 271:808 (1996).
37. Martin, S. J., and Green, D. R., Protease activation during apoptosis: death by a thousand cuts?. Cell 82:349 (1995).
38. Neamati, N., Fernandez, A., Wright, S., Kiefer, S., and McConkey, D. J., Degradation of lamin B1 precedes oligonucleosomal DNA fragmentation in apoptotic thymocytes and isolated thymocyte nuclei, J. Immunol. 154:3788 (1995).
39. Lazebnik, Y. A., Takahashi, A., Moir, R. D., Goldman, R. D., Poirier, G. G., Kaufmann, S. H., and Earnshaw, W. C., Studies of the lamin proteinase reveal multiple parallel biochemical pathways during apoptotic execution, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92:9042 (1995).
40. Martin, S. J., O'Brien, G. A., Nishioka, W. K., McGahon, A. J., Saido, T., and Green, D. R., Proteolysis of Fodrin (nonerythroid spectrin) during apoptosis, J. Biol. Chem. 270:6425 (1995).
41. Wright, S. C., Wei, Q. S., Zhong, J., Zheng, H., Kinder, D. H., and Larrick, J. W., Purification of a 24 kD protease from apoptotic tumor cells that activates DNA fragmentation, J. Exp. Med. 180:2113 (1994).
42. Chow, S. C., Weis, M., Kass, G. E. N., Holmstrom, T. H., Eriksson, J. E., and Orrenius, S., Involvement of multiple proteases during Fas-mediated apoptosis in T lymphocytes, FEBS Lett. 364:134 (1995).
43. Enari, M., Hase, A., and Nagata, S., Apoptosis by a cytosolic extract from Fas-activated cells, EMBO J. 14:5201 (1995).
44. Martin, S. J., Newmeyer, D. D., Mathias, S., Farschon, D., Wang, H.-G., Reed, J. C., Kolesnick, R. N., and Green, D. R., Cell-free reconstitution of Fas-, UV radiation- and ceramide-induced apoptosis, EMBO J. 14:5191 (1995).
45. Martin, S. J., Amarante-Mendes, G. P., Shi, L., Chuang, T-H., Casiano, C. A., O'Brien, G. A., Fitzgerald, P., Tan, E. M., Bokoch, G. M., Greenberg, A. H., and Green, D. R., The cytotoxic cell protease granzyme B initiates apoptosis in a cell-free system by proteolytic processing and activation of the ICE/CED-3 family protease, CPP32, via a novel two-step mechanism, EMBO J. In Press.
46. Darmon, A. J., Ehrman, N., Caputo, A., Fujinaga, J., and Bleackley, R. C., The cytotoxic T cell proteinase granzyme B does not activate Interleukin-1β-converting enzyme, J. Biol. Chem. 269:32043 (1994).
47. Darmon, A. J., Nicholson, D. W., and Bleackley, R. C., Activation of the apoptotic protease CPP32 by cytotoxic T-cell-derived granzyme B, Nature 377:446 (1995).
48. Faucheu, C., Diu, A., Chan, A. W. E., Blanchet, A.-M., Miossec, C., Herve, F., Collard-Dutilleul, V., Gu, Y., Aldape, R. A., Lippke, J. A., Rocher, C., Su, M. S.-S., Livingston, D. J., Hercend, T., and Lalanne, J.-L., A novel human protease similar to the interleukin-1β converting enzyme induces apoptosis in transfected cells, EMBO J. 14:1914 (1995).
49. Kamens, J., Paskind, M., Hugunin, M., Talanian, R. V., Allen, H., Banach, D., Bump, N., Hackett, M., Johnston, C. G., Li, P., Mankovich, J. A., Terranova, M., and Ghayur, T., Identification and characterization of Ich-2, a novel member of the interleukin-1 β-converting enzyme family of cysteine proteases, J. Biol. Chem. 270:15250 (1995).
50. Munday, N. A., Vaillancourt, J. P., Ali, A., Casano, F. J., Miller, D. K., Molineaux, S. M., Yamin, T. T., Yu, V. L. and Nicholson, D. W., Molecular cloning and pro-apoptotic activity of ICEreIII and ICErelIII members of the ICE/CED-3 family of cysteine proteases, J. Biol. Chem. 270:15870 (1995).
51. Fernandes-Alnemri, T., Litwack, G., and Alnemri, E. S., Mch2, a new member of the apoptotic Ced-3/Ice-like protease gene family. Cancer Res. 55:2737 (1995).
52. Fernandes-Alnemri, T., Litwack, G., and Alnemri, E. S., CPP32, a novel apoptotic protein with homology to Caenorhabditis elegans cell death protein Ced-3 and mammalian interleukin-1 β-converting enzyme, J. Biol. Chem. 269:30761 (1994).
53. Kumar, S., Kinoshita, M., Noda, M., Copeland, N. G., and Jenkins, N. A., Induction of apoptosis by the mouse Nedd2 gene, which encodes a protein similar to the product of the Caenorhabditis elegans cell death gene ced-3 and the mammalian JL-1β converting enzyme, Genes and Develop. 8:1613 (1994).
54. Fernandes-Alnemri, T., Takahashi, A., Armstrong, R., Krebs, J., Fritz, L., Tomaselli, K. J., Wang, L., Yu, Z., Croce, C. M., Earnshaw, W. C., Litwack, G., and Alnemri, E. S., Mch, 3 a novel human apoptotic cysteine protease highly related to CPP32, Cancer Res. 55:6045 (1995).
55. Duan, H., Chinnaiyan, A. M., Hudson, P. L., Wing, J. P., He, W.-W., and Dixit, V. M., ICE-LAP3, a novel mammalian homologue of the Caenorhabditis elegans cell death protein Ced-3 is activated during Fas-and tumor necrosis factor-induced apoptosis, J. Biol. Chem. 271:1621 (1996).
56. Lippke, J. A., Gu, Y., Sarnecki, C., Caron, P. R., and Su, M. S.-S., Identification and characterization of CPP32/Mch2 homolog 1, a novel cysteine protease similar to CPP32, J. Biol. Chem. 271:1825 (1996).
57. Kayalar, C., Ord, T., Testa, M. P., Zhong, L.-T., and Bredesen, D. E., Cleavage of actin by ICE to reverse DNAse I inhibition, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. In press.
58. Browne, S. J., Williams, A. C., Hague, A., Butt, A. J., and Paraskeva, C., Loss of APC protein expressed in human colonie epithelial cells and the appearance of a specific low-molecular weight form is associated with apoptosis in vitro, Int. J. Cancer 59:56 (1994).
59. Voelkel-Johnson, C., Entingh, A. J., Wold, W. S. M., Gooding, L. R., and Laster, S. M., Activation of intracellular proteases is an early event in TNF-induced apoptosis, J. Immunol. 154:1707 (1995).
60. Casciola-Rosen, L. A., Anhalt, G. J., and Rosen, A., DNA-dependent protein kinase is one of a subset of autoantigens specifically cleaved early during apoptosis, J. Exp. Med. 182:1625 (1995).
61. Brancolini, C., Bendetti, M., and Schneider, C., Microfilament reorganization during apoptosis: the role of Gas2, a possible substrate for ICE-like proteases, EMBO J. 14:5179 (1995).
62. Weaver, V. M., Carson, C. E., Walker, P. R., Chaly, N., Lach, B., Raymond, Y., Brown, D. L., and Sikorska, M., Degradation of nuclear matrix and DNA cleavage in apoptotic thymocytes, J. Cell Sci. 109:45 (1996).
63. Hsu, H.-L., and Yeh, N.-H., Dynamic changes of NuMA during the cell cycle and possible appearance of a truncated form of NuMA during apoptosis, J. Cell Sci. 109:277 (1996).
64. Jensen, P. H., Cressey, L. I., Gjertsen, B. T., Madsen, P., Mellgren, G., Hokland, P., Gliemann, J., Doskeland, S. O., Lanotte, M., and Vintermyr, O. K., Cleaved intracellular plasminogen activator inhibitor 2 in human myeloleukemia cells is a marker of apoptosis, Br. J. Cancer 70:834 (1994).
65. Emoto, Y., Manome, Y., Meinhardt, G., Kisaki, H., Kharbanda, S., Robertson, M., Ghayur, T., Wong, W. W., Kamen, R., Weichselbaum, R., and Kufe, D., Proteolytic activation of protein kinase C δ by an ICE-like protease in apoptotic cells, EMBO J. 14:6148 (1995).
66. Wang, X., Pai, J., Weidenfeld, E. A., Medina, J. C., Slaughter, C. A., Goldstein, J. L., and Brown, M. S., Purification of an interleukin-1β converting enzyme-related cysteine proteases that cleaves sterol regulatory element-binding proteins between the leucine zipper and transmembrane domains, J. Biol. Chem. 270:18044 (1995).
67. Casciola-Rosen, L. A., Miller, D. K., Anhalt, G. J., and Rosen, A., Specific cleavage of the 70-kDa protein component of the U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein is a characteristic biochemical feature of apoptotic cell death, J. Biol. Chem. 269:30757(1994).