Cancer incidence and mortality and proximity to TV towers

Medical Journal of Australia

Volumn 165, Issue 11-12, 1996, Pages 601-605

  Hocking, Bruce ^a,e   Gordon, Ian R ^b   Grain, Heather L ^c   Hatfield, Gifford E ^d  

^a Bruce Hocking Associates   (Australia)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE   (Australia)

^c System Innovations in Health   (Australia)

^d Broadcast Radiat Safety Consult   (Australia)

^e NONE   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; BRAIN TUMOR; CANCER INCIDENCE; CANCER MORTALITY; CHILDHOOD LEUKEMIA; HUMAN; LYMPHATIC LEUKEMIA; RADIATION EXPOSURE; RADIOFREQUENCY RADIATION;

EID: 0029905541     PISSN: 0025729X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.1996.tb138661.x     Document Type: Article

References (28)

1. Savitz D, Ahlbom A. Epidemiologic evidence of cancer in relation to residential and occupational exposures. In: Carpenter D, Ayrapetyan S, editors. Biological effects of electric and magnetic fields. Chapter II. Vol 2. Sydney: Academic Press, 1994: 233-261.
2. Goldsmith JR. Epidemiologic evidence of radio-frequency (microwave) effects on health in military broadcasting and occupational studies. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 1995; 1:47-57.
3. World Health Organization. Environmental Health Criteria 137 Electromagnetic fields (300Hz to 300GHz). WHO: Geneva, 1993: 164-168, 74-75.
4. Smith D, Taylor R, Coates M. Socioeconomic differentials in cancer incidence and mortality in urban New South Wales 1987-1991. Aust N Z J Public Health 1996; 20: 129-137.
5. Department of Communications and the Arts. Radio and Television Broadcasting Stations. Canberra: AGPS, 1994.
6. National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurement. A practical guide to the determination of human exposure to radiofrequency fields. Bethesda. Md: NCRP, 1993. (NCRP Report No. 119.)
7. HealthWiz. National health database. Commonwealth Department of Human Services and Health. 1991-1996. Canberra: Prometheus Pty Ltd, 1996.
8. Frome EL. The analysis of rates using Poisson regression models. Biometrics 1983; 39: 665-674.
9. McCullagh P, Nelder JA. Generalized linear models. London: Chapman and Hall, 1983: 80-81.
10. Uddell J. Simple exact analysis of the standardised mortality ratio. J Epidemiol Community Health 1984; 38: 85-88.
11. UK Department of the Environment. Expert Panel on Air Quality Standards. Benzene. London: HMSO, 1994.
12. Akasoy M. Benzene carcinogenicity. Boca Raton, Fl: CRC, Press, 1983: 119-125.
13. Doll R, Darby S. Childhood leukaemia in the United Kingdom. Radiat Protect Aust 1990; 8(3): 55-61.
14. Childhood leukaemia: an infectious disease? [editorial]. Lancet 1990; 336: 1477-1479.
15. Greaves MF. Etiology of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a soluble problem? In: Gale RP, Hoelzer D, editors. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia. UCLA Symposium on Molecular and Cellular Biology. New Series Vol 108. New York: Academic Press, 1989.
16. Digital Cadastral Database. Bathurst, NSW: Land Information Centre.
17. Australian Standard AS2772.1. Radiofrequency Radiation Part 1: Maximum Exposure Levels - 100kHz to 300GHz. Sydney: Standards Australia, 1990.
18. Bamett S. Status of research on biological effects and safety of electromagnetic radiation: telecommunications frequencies. Chatswood: Division of Radiophysics CSIRO, 1994.
19. Fleming AHJ, Joyner KH. Estimates of the absorption of radiofrequency radiation by the embryo and foetus during pregnancy. Health Phys 1992; 63: 149-159.
20. Adey R. Effects of weak amplitude modulated microwave fields on calcium efflux from awake cat cerebral cortex. Bioelectromagnetics 1982; 3: 295-307.
21. Adey R. Frequency and power windowing. Proc IEEE (Proceedings of the Institution of Electrical and Electronic Engineers) 1980; 68 (1): 119-125.
22. Stuchly MA, McLean J, Burnett R, et al. Modification of promotion in the mouse skin by exposure to an alternating magnetic field. Cancer Lett 1992; 65: 1-7.
23. Weaver J, Astumian RD. The thermal noise limit for threshold effects of electric and magnetic fields in biological systems. In: Carpenter D, Ayrapetyan S, editors. Biological effects of electric and magnetic fields. Chapter 3, Vol 1. Sydney: Academic Press, 1994: 83-104.
24. Moss F, Wiesenfield K. The benefits of background noise. Sci Am 1995; August: 50-54.
25. Stone RA. Investigations of excess environmental risk around a putative source. Statistical problems and a proposed test. Stat Med 1988; 7: 649-660.
26. Garson MO, McRobert TL, Campbell LJ, et al. A chromosomal study of workers with long-term exposure to RFR. Med J Aust 1991; 155: 289-292.
27. Maskarinec G, Cooper J, Swygert L, et al. Investigation of increased incidence in childhood leukaemia near radio towers in Hawaii: preliminary observations. J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol 1994; 13: 33-37.
28. Dolk H, Elliott P, Shaddick P, et al. Leukaemia incidence near high power radio transmitters [abstract]. Epidemiology 1996: 7(Suppl 4): S95.