Evidence for an age-dependent pyrogenic threshold of Plasmodium falciparum parasitemia in highly endemic populations

American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

Volumn 54, Issue 6, 1996, Pages 613-619

  Rogier, Christophe ^a   Commences, Daniel ^b   Trape, Jean Francois ^c  

^a INSTITUT PASTEUR DE DAKAR   (Senegal)

^b INSERM   (France)

^c INSTITUT DE RECHERCHE POUR LE DÉVELOPPEMENT   (Senegal)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGE; AGED; ARTICLE; CHILD; FEVER; HUMAN; INFANT; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALARIA; PARASITEMIA; PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM; RISK ASSESSMENT;

PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM;

EID: 0029891124     PISSN: 00029637     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.1996.54.613     Document Type: Article

References (33)

1. Marsh K, 1992. Malaria, a neglected disease? Parasitology 104: S53-S59.
2. Greenwood BM, 1987. Asymptomatic malaria infections -Do they matter? Parasitol Today 3: 206-214.
3. Basset MT, Taylor P, Bvirakare J, Chiteka F, Govere E, 1991. Clinical diagnosis of malaria: can we improve?. J Trop Med Hyg 94: 65-69.
4. Trape JF, Peelman P, Morault-Peelman B, 1985. Criteria for diagnosing clinical malaria among a semi-immune population exposed to intense and perennial transmission. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 79: 435-442.
5. Greenwood BM, Bradley AK, Greenwood AM, Byass P, Jammeh K, Marsh K, Tulloch S, Oldfield FSJ, Hayes R, 1987. Mortality and morbidity from malaria among children in a rural area of The Gambia, West Africa. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 81: 478-486.
6. Richard A, Lallemant M, Trape JF, Carnevale P, Mouchet J, 1988. Le paludisme dans la region forestiere du Mayombe, Republique Populaire du Congo. III. Place du paludisme dans la morbidite generale. Ann Soc Belg Med Trop 68: 317-329.
7. Snow RW, Lindsay SW, Hayes RJ, Greenwood BM, 1988. Permethrin-treated bed nets (mosquito nets) prevent malaria in Gambian children. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 82: 838-842.
8. Petersen E, Hogh B, Marbiah NT, Dolopaie E, Gottschau A, Hanson AP, Bjorkman A, 1991. Clinical and parasitological studies on malaria in Liberian adults living under intense malaria transmission. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 85: 577-584.
9. Smith T, Armstrong Schellenberg J, Hayes R, 1994. Attributable fraction estimates and case definitions for malaria in endemic areas. Stat Med 13: 2345-2358.
10. Rougemont A, Breslow N, Brenner E, Moret AL, Dumbo O, Dolo A, Soula G, Perrin L, 1991. Epidemiological basis for clinical diagnosis of childhood malaria in endemic zone in West Africa. Lancet 338: 1292-1295.
11. Velema JP, Alihonou EM, Chippaux JP, van Boxel Y, Gbedji E, Adegbini R, 1991. Malaria morbidity and mortality in children under three years of age on the coast of Benin, West Africa. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 85: 430-435.
12. Cox MJ, Kum DE, Tavul L, Narara A, Raiko A, Baisor M, Alpers MP, Medley GF, Day KP, 1994. Dynamics of malaria parasitaemia associated with febrile illness in children from a rural area of Madang, Papua New Guinea. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 88: 191-197.
13. Trape JF, Rogier C, Konate L, Diagne N, Bouganali H, Canque B, Legros F, Badji A, Ndiaye G, Ndiaye P, Brahimi K, Faye O, Druilhe P, Pereira da Silva L, 1994. The Dielmo project: a longitudinal study of natural malaria infection and the mechanisms of protective immunity in a community living in a holoendemic area of Senegal. Am J Trop Med Hyg 51: 123-137.
14. Stiratelli R, Laird NM, Ware JH, 1984. Random-effects models for serial observations with binary response. Biometrics 40: 961-971.
15. SERC, 1991. EGRET: User's Manual. Seattle: Statistics and Epidemiology Research Corporation.
16. Zeger SL, Liang KY, Albert PS, 1988. Models for longitudinal data: a generalized estimating equation approach. Biometrics 44: 1049-1060.
17. Akaike H, 1974. A new look at the statistical model identification. IEEE Trans Automat Contr AC-19: 716-723.
18. Tsiatis AA, 1980. A note on a goodness-of-fit test for the logistic regression model. Biometrika 67: 250-251.
19. Christophers R, 1949. Endemic and epidemic prevalence. Boyd MF, ed. Malariology. Philadelphia and London: W. B. Saunders, 698-721.
20. Kitchen SF, 1949. Symptomatology: general considerations. Boyd MF, ed. Malariology. Philadelphia and London: W. B. Saunders, 966-994.
21. Bruce-Chwatt LJ, 1952. Malaria in African infants and children in southern Nigeria. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 46: 173-200.
22. Kwiatkowski D, Cannon JG, Manogue KR, Derami A, Dinarello CA, Greenwood BM, 1989. Tumor necrosis factor production in falciparum malaria and its association with schizont rupture. Clin Exp Immunol 77: 361-366.
23. Kwiatkowski D, Nowak M, 1991. Periodic and chaotic hostparasite interactions in human malaria. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 88: 5111-5113.
24. Karunaweera ND, Grau GE, Gamage R Carter R, Mendis K, 1992. Dynamics of fever and serum TNF levels are closely associated during clinical paroxysms in Plasmodium vivax malaria. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 89: 3200-3203.
25. Kwiatkowski D, Molyneux ME, Stephens S, Curtis N, Klein N, Pointaire P, Smit M, Allan R, Brewster DR, Grau GE, Greenwood BM, 1993. Anti-TNF therapy inhibits fever in cerebral malaria. Q J Med 86: 91-98.
26. Playfair JHL, Taverne J, Bate CAW, de Souza JB, 1990. The malaria vaccine: anti-parasite or anti-disease? Immunol Today 11: 25-27.
27. Bate CAW, Taverne J, Roman E, Moreno C, Playfair JHL, 1992. TNF induction by malaria exoantigens depends upon phospholipid. Immunology 75: 129-135.
28. Schofield L, Hackett 1993. Signal transduction in host cells by a glycosylphosphatidylinositol toxin of malaria parasites. J Exp Med 177: 145-153.
29. Schofield L, Vivas L, Hackett F, Gerold P, Schwarz RT, Tachado S, 1993. Neutralizing monoclonal antibodies to glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol, the dominant TNF-α-inducing toxin of Plasmodium falciparum: prospects for the immunotherapy of severe malaria. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 87: 617-626.
30. Bate CAW, Taverne J, Dave A, Playfair JHL, 1990. Malaria exoantigens induce T-independent antibody that blocks their ability to induce TNF Immunology 70: 315-320.
31. Bate CAW, Taverne J, Kwiatkowski D, Playfair JHL, 1993. Phospholipids coupled to a carrier induce IgG antibody that blocks tumour necrosis factor induction by toxic malaria antigens. Immunology 79: 138-145.
32. Alonso PL, Smith T, Armstrong Schellenberg JRM, Masanja H, Mwankusye S, Urassa H, Bastos de Azevedo I, Chongela J, Kobero S, Menendez C, Hurt N, Thomas MC, Lyimo E, Weiss NA, Hayes R, Kitua AY, Lopez MC, Kilama WL, Teuscher T, Tanner M, 1994. Randomised trial of efficacy of SPf66 vaccine against Plasmodium falciparum malaria in children in southern Tanzania. Lancet 344: 1175-1181.
33. Smith T, Genton B, Baea K, Gibson N, Taime J, Narara A, Al-Yaman F, Beck HP, Hii J, Alpers M, 1994. Relationship between Plasmodium falciparum infection and morbidity in a highly endemic area. Parasitology 109: 539-549.