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Liebman, J. F., Greenberg, A., Eds.; VCH Publishers: New York, Chapter 3
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Turro, N. J. Modern Molecular Photochemistry; Benjamin/Cummings: Menlo Park, CA, 1978; p 111. Given the similarity of both the absorption and dispersed fluorescence spectra of 2 to those of o-xylene, the comparison should be a safe one.
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23
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84978590753
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EI mass spectra with fragmentation patterns are also reported in the literature for 9-methoxy- and 9-ethoxyanthracene: Gillis, R. G.; Long, G. J.; Moritz, A. G.; Occolowitz, J. L. Org. Mass. Spedrosc. 1968, 1, 527. Klasinc, L.; Komadinovic, S.; Stefanovic, D.; Guesten, H. Croat. Chem. Acta 1976, 48, 109.
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15844369096
-
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EI mass spectra with fragmentation patterns are also reported in the literature for 9-methoxy- and 9-ethoxyanthracene: Gillis, R. G.; Long, G. J.; Moritz, A. G.; Occolowitz, J. L. Org. Mass. Spedrosc. 1968, 1, 527. Klasinc, L.; Komadinovic, S.; Stefanovic, D.; Guesten, H. Croat. Chem. Acta 1976, 48, 109.
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25
-
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15844420186
-
-
note
-
The choice of hydrogen donors is limited by the need to photolyze at 266 nm. For example, although 1,4-cyclohexadiene is transparent at the photolysis wavelength, it is unavoidably contaminated with 1,3-cyclohexadiene and benzene, both of which absorb strongly enough at 266 nm to cause problems when they are present at the ∼1% level in the solvent. Benzylic donors such as cumene also cannot be used because of their ππ* transitions in the near-UV.
-
-
-
-
26
-
-
15844388129
-
-
note
-
For the slowest decay, τ = 1.0 ms, the decay could be followed out for <2 lifetimes. Although the decay is first-order as far as we can determine, we do not exclude the possibility that instrumental limitations prevent us from seeing nonexponential behavior in the longest-lived transient. Error bounds were determined on the decay rates rather than on the lifetimes, and are reported with those rate measurements.
-
-
-
-
27
-
-
15844362742
-
-
note
-
As can be inferred from the identification of the slow transient (see later text), its longer lifetime and much lower ∈ at 251 nm mean that only that fraction of 1 which decays by hydrogen abstraction should contribute to the growth of anthracene absorbance on the microsecond time scale.
-
-
-
-
29
-
-
9744224621
-
-
and Reference 28
-
f,298[p-benzyne] = 138 kcal/mol as reported independently in two recent works: Wenthold, P. G.; Squires, R. R. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 6401; and Reference 28. Because the arene C-H bond is stronger than any of the solvent C-H bonds, one would therefore expect the relative rates for abstraction from acetonitrile and isopropyl alcohol to be a measure of the symmetry of the transition state.
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Dewar, M. J. S.; Lee, W.-K. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1974, 96, 5569. Breslow, R.; Napierski, J.; Clarke, T. C. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1975, 97, 6275. Breslow, R.; Khanna, P. L. Tetrahedron Lett. 1977, 3429.
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Dewar, M. J. S.; Lee, W.-K. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1974, 96, 5569. Breslow, R.; Napierski, J.; Clarke, T. C. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1975, 97, 6275. Breslow, R.; Khanna, P. L. Tetrahedron Lett. 1977, 3429.
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Dewar, M. J. S.; Lee, W.-K. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1974, 96, 5569. Breslow, R.; Napierski, J.; Clarke, T. C. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1975, 97, 6275. Breslow, R.; Khanna, P. L. Tetrahedron Lett. 1977, 3429.
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33
-
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15844366644
-
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note
-
We do not consider addition products of 1 to solvent, e.g. acetonitrile, because the absorption spectrum of the slow transient is unchanged going from acetonitrile to isopropyl alcohol. The next most abundant species in solution to which a radical-like species could add would be unreacted propel lane 2.
-
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-
-
34
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33646361449
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M'Halla, F.; Pinson, J.; Savéant, J. M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1980, 102, 4120.
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35
-
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0001349855
-
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The required AH is assumed to be the same as that measured for the photodimer of 9-cyanoanthracene of -20 kcal/mol: Guarini, G.; Sarti-Pantoni, P. Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. 1970, 6, 423. Dontai, D.; Guarini, G.; Sarti-Pantoni, P. Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. 1972, 17, 187.
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Guarini, G.1
Sarti-Pantoni, P.2
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36
-
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0009565978
-
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The required AH is assumed to be the same as that measured for the photodimer of 9-cyanoanthracene of -20 kcal/mol: Guarini, G.; Sarti-Pantoni, P. Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. 1970, 6, 423. Dontai, D.; Guarini, G.; Sarti-Pantoni, P. Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. 1972, 17, 187.
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Dontai, D.1
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38
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15844373407
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Schmidt, H.; Schweig, A.; Krebs, A. Tetrahedron Lett. 1974, 1471. Bieri, G.; Heilbronner, E.; Kloster-Jensen, E.; Schmelzer, A.; Wirz, J. Helv. Chim. Acta 1974, 57, 1265. Carlier, P.; DuBois, J. E.; Masclet, P.; Mouvier, G. J. Electron Spectrosc. 1975, 7, 55.
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Schmidt, H.1
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39
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84987300662
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Schmidt, H.; Schweig, A.; Krebs, A. Tetrahedron Lett. 1974, 1471. Bieri, G.; Heilbronner, E.; Kloster-Jensen, E.; Schmelzer, A.; Wirz, J. Helv. Chim. Acta 1974, 57, 1265. Carlier, P.; DuBois, J. E.; Masclet, P.; Mouvier, G. J. Electron Spectrosc. 1975, 7, 55.
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33745222159
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Schmidt, H.; Schweig, A.; Krebs, A. Tetrahedron Lett. 1974, 1471. Bieri, G.; Heilbronner, E.; Kloster-Jensen, E.; Schmelzer, A.; Wirz, J. Helv. Chim. Acta 1974, 57, 1265. Carlier, P.; DuBois, J. E.; Masclet, P.; Mouvier, G. J. Electron Spectrosc. 1975, 7, 55.
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84984208815
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Krebs, A.; Rüger, W.; Ng, L.; Jordan, K. D. Bull. Soc. Chim. Belg. 1982, 91, 363. Ng, L.; Jordan, K. D.; Krebs. A.; Rüger, W. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1982, 104, 7414.
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Krebs, A.; Rüger, W.; Ng, L.; Jordan, K. D. Bull. Soc. Chim. Belg. 1982, 91, 363. Ng, L.; Jordan, K. D.; Krebs. A.; Rüger, W. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1982, 104, 7414.
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Ph.D. Thesis, Harvard University
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Concurrent biradical and ionic trapping products from α,3-dehydrotoluene, independently prepared by the photolysis of the (m-diazoni-umphenyl)acetate inner salt support the observation of dual reactivity in ref 35. Logan, C. F. Ph.D. Thesis, Harvard University, 1996.
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Logan, C.F.1
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The most complete and consistent set of absolute rate constants for phenyl radical come from: Scaiano, J. C.; Stewart, L. C. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1983, 105, 3609. There are several other determinations as well which give similar numbers: Janzen, E. G.; Nutter, D. E., Jr.; Evans, C. A. J. Phys. Chem. 1975, 79, 1983. Kryger, R. G.; Lorand, J. P.; Stevens, N. R.; Herron, N. R. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1977, 99, 7589.
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0020764376
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The most complete and consistent set of absolute rate constants for phenyl radical come from: Scaiano, J. C.; Stewart, L. C. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1983, 105, 3609. There are several other determinations as well which give similar numbers: Janzen, E. G.; Nutter, D. E., Jr.; Evans, C. A. J. Phys. Chem. 1975, 79, 1983. Kryger, R. G.; Lorand, J. P.; Stevens, N. R.; Herron, N. R. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1977, 99, 7589.
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The most complete and consistent set of absolute rate constants for phenyl radical come from: Scaiano, J. C.; Stewart, L. C. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1983, 105, 3609. There are several other determinations as well which give similar numbers: Janzen, E. G.; Nutter, D. E., Jr.; Evans, C. A. J. Phys. Chem. 1975, 79, 1983. Kryger, R. G.; Lorand, J. P.; Stevens, N. R.; Herron, N. R. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1977, 99, 7589.
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(1995)
Liebigs Ann.
, pp. 1643
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Marquardt, R.1
Sander, W.2
Laue, T.3
Hopf, H.4
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